1. Berlin, 8-12 May 2006 Gefördert durch die Europäische Union Promoted by the European Union Technological Educational Institute of Crete THE EXPERIENCE OF DISTRICT HEATING SYSTEMS IN GREECE By JOHN VOURDOUBAS TEI OF CRETE

2. Berlin, 8-12 May 2006 Gefördert durch die Europäische Union Promoted by the European Union Technological Educational Institute of Crete Due to the mild climatic conditions in Greece (latitudes 35 o -42 o ), there are few district heating systems operating in Northern Greece These are in Kozani & Ptolemaida, where we find the most important power plants using lignite ( a form of coal) as fuel. Today, two more district heating systems are under contruction in the towns of Aminteo and Megalopolis.

3. Berlin, 8-12 May 2006 Gefördert durch die Europäische Union Promoted by the European Union Technological Educational Institute of Crete They are using the rejected heat from the power plants and the hot water in Kozani is transported in a distance of 18 km until its final use. The first district heating system in this city started operating in 1993.

4. Berlin, 8-12 May 2006 Gefördert durch die Europäische Union Promoted by the European Union Technological Educational Institute of Crete

5. Berlin, 8-12 May 2006 Gefördert durch die Europäische Union Promoted by the European Union Technological Educational Institute of Crete Taking 18 o C as a basic temperature, the number of heating degrees-days in northern Greece is above 1300, while in southern Greece below 900. Apart from the few district heating systems in Greece today, the cooling loads are almost exclusively covered by electricity. There are no district cooling systems in Greece.

6. Berlin, 8-12 May 2006 Gefördert durch die Europäische Union Promoted by the European Union Technological Educational Institute of Crete Kozani’s district heating system serves more than 17.000 customers out of 55.000 citizens. The total surface area heated is 1.625.000 m 2, out of which 5% covers the public sector. The installed thermal power for serving the base load is 70 MWth. The temperatures outgoing-return are 120 o C-65 o C respectively.

7. Berlin, 8-12 May 2006 Gefördert durch die Europäische Union Promoted by the European Union Technological Educational Institute of Crete

8. Berlin, 8-12 May 2006 Gefördert durch die Europäische Union Promoted by the European Union Technological Educational Institute of Crete The total distribution network has a length of 285 km, and the company responsible for operating the system is the Municipal district heating company of Kozani. The serving period is from October until the end of April.

9. Berlin, 8-12 May 2006 Gefördert durch die Europäische Union Promoted by the European Union Technological Educational Institute of Crete The peak heating load exceeds 125 MWth, with an annual demand of 230.000 MWh. The annual amount of heat is produced by 90% in the lignite power plant and by 10% in a 80 MWth peak load unit using oil or LPG.

10. Berlin, 8-12 May 2006 Gefördert durch die Europäische Union Promoted by the European Union Technological Educational Institute of Crete The transmission & distribution system is consisted of a two-pipe system in closed circulation. The pipes are installed in parallel, one pipe for the supply of the hot water to the consumers and the other pipe for the return of the hot water for reheating. In each building there is a thermal substation with indirect connection.

11. Berlin, 8-12 May 2006 Gefördert durch die Europäische Union Promoted by the European Union Technological Educational Institute of Crete The selling price of thermal energy for companies’ consumers is about 65% of the heat energy using heating oil. (before the rise of the oil prices). The low cost results from the low cost energy supplied from the Public Power Corporation.

12. Berlin, 8-12 May 2006 Gefördert durch die Europäische Union Promoted by the European Union Technological Educational Institute of Crete FUEL TYPES USED FOR DOMESTIC HEATING IN GREECE (2000) District heating29,85 Briquettes13,22 Firewood15,34 Diesel32,83 LPG35,28 Natural Gas45,06 FUEL TYPE COST EURO/ MWh

13. Berlin, 8-12 May 2006 Gefördert durch die Europäische Union Promoted by the European Union Technological Educational Institute of Crete ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECTS It has been proved that the district heating system in Kozani has a significant contribution to the reduction of gas emissions during the winter period, particularly in smoke concentration and in SO 2 concentration. There is also a reduction in CO 2 emissions of 54,000 tn/year.

14. Berlin, 8-12 May 2006 Gefördert durch die Europäische Union Promoted by the European Union Technological Educational Institute of Crete

15. Berlin, 8-12 May 2006 Gefördert durch die Europäische Union Promoted by the European Union Technological Educational Institute of Crete CONCLUSIONS  The operation of the DH system in Kozani contributed significantly to the reduction of gas and dust emissions.  Today, the operation of the DH system substitutes more than 20.000 tonnes oil equivalent per year.  For every resident, there is an annual saving of 70 Euros from the use of DH system instead of oil, which makes an annual saving of 2.900.000 Euros/ year for the city of Kozani.

16. Berlin, 8-12 May 2006 Gefördert durch die Europäische Union Promoted by the European Union Technological Educational Institute of Crete Biomass also has been used in a small district heating plant in Nymfasia (Peloponnese) fuelled by forest residues. This plant was equipped with a biomass boiler of 1,2 Gcal/h total capacity and covers the heat demand of 90 houses and public biuldings.

17. Berlin, 8-12 May 2006 Gefördert durch die Europäische Union Promoted by the European Union Technological Educational Institute of Crete Thank you for your attention!