1. Curing Your Event Processing Blues with Reactive Extensions (Rx)
4/19/2017 6:11 AM
Curing Your Event Processing Blues with Reactive Extensions (Rx)
Bart J.F. De Smet
Senior Software Development Engineer
Microsoft Corporation
© 2007 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. Microsoft, Windows, Windows Vista and other product names are or may be registered trademarks and/or trademarks in the U.S. and/or other countries.
The information herein is for informational purposes only and represents the current view of Microsoft Corporation as of the date of this presentation. Because Microsoft must respond to changing market conditions, it should not be interpreted to be a commitment on the part of Microsoft, and Microsoft cannot guarantee the accuracy of any information provided after the date of this presentation. MICROSOFT MAKES NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESS, IMPLIED OR STATUTORY, AS TO THE INFORMATION IN THIS PRESENTATION.

2. The Event Processing Landscape
GPS
RSS feeds
Stock tickers
Social
media
UI events
Server management

3. Reactive Extensions Architecture
LINQ to Events
from quote in stock
where quote.Symbol == “MSFT”
select quote.Value
Projection
Filtering
Aggregating
Grouping
Joins
Windowing
Sharing
Sampling
Throttling
Timeout
Merging
Recovery
Event Streams
IObservable<T>
IObserver<T>
ISubject<T>
Concurrency
IScheduler
Time
Threads
Cloud
Dispatchers

4. Reactive Extensions Architecture
LINQ to Events
from quote in stock
where quote.Symbol == “MSFT”
select quote.Value
Projection
Filtering
Aggregating
Grouping
Joins
Windowing
Sharing
Sampling
Throttling
Timeout
Merging
Recovery
Event Streams
IObservable<T>
IObserver<T>
ISubject<T>
Concurrency
IScheduler
Time
Threads
Cloud
Dispatchers

5. Event Streams Towards a unified programming model Observable Observer
Producers are observable sequences
.NET events, WinRT events, sensor APIs, APM methods, tasks, etc.
Consumers are observers
Hooking up “continuations” or handlers
Observable
Observer
Subscribe

6. Essential Interfaces namespace System {
public interface IObservable<out T>
IDisposable Subscribe(IObserver<T> observer); }
public interface IObserver<in T>
void OnNext(T value);
void OnError(Exception error);
void OnCompleted();

7. OnNext* (OnError | OnCompleted)?
Notification Grammar
OnNext(42)
OnNext(43)
OnCompleted
source1
OnNext(“Hello”)
OnError(error)
source2
OnNext* (OnError | OnCompleted)?

8. Limitations of .NET Events
Can’t pass around
Hidden data source
exchange.StockTick += (sender, args) => {
if (args.Quote.Symbol == “MSFT”)
// Imperative code } };
exchange.StockTick -= /* what goes here? */;
Lack of composition
Hard resource maintenance

9. Observable Sequences to the Rescue
Source of Quotes
Objects can be passed
IObservable<Quote> stockQuotes = …;
var msft = stockQuotes
.Where(quote => quote.Symbol == “MSFT”);
var subscription = msft.Subscribe(quote => /* … */);
subscription.Dispose();
Can define query operators
Easy resource maintenance

10. Are .NET Events Obsolete?
Code centric
Design-time experience
Not first class
Non-compositional
Lightweight
Rigid execution model (IL)
Observables
Data centric
No design-time experience
First class objects
Rich composition
Slightly more cost
Translatable with expression trees

11. Events versus Observables
4/19/2017 6:11 AM
demo
Events versus Observables
Bart J.F. De Smet
Senior Software Development Engineer
Cloud Programmability Team
© 2007 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. Microsoft, Windows, Windows Vista and other product names are or may be registered trademarks and/or trademarks in the U.S. and/or other countries.
The information herein is for informational purposes only and represents the current view of Microsoft Corporation as of the date of this presentation. Because Microsoft must respond to changing market conditions, it should not be interpreted to be a commitment on the part of Microsoft, and Microsoft cannot guarantee the accuracy of any information provided after the date of this presentation. MICROSOFT MAKES NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESS, IMPLIED OR STATUTORY, AS TO THE INFORMATION IN THIS PRESENTATION.

12. Reactive Extensions Architecture
LINQ to Events
from quote in stock
where quote.Symbol == “MSFT”
select quote.Value
Projection
Filtering
Aggregating
Grouping
Joins
Windowing
Sharing
Sampling
Throttling
Timeout
Merging
Recovery
Event Streams
IObservable<T>
IObserver<T>
ISubject<T>
Concurrency
IScheduler
Time
Threads
Cloud
Dispatchers

13. Dictionary Suggest Asynchronous request “React” Dictionary web service
4/19/2017 6:11 AM
Dictionary Suggest
Asynchronous request
IObservable<string>
“React”
React
Dictionary web service
Reaction
Reactive
Reactor
IObservable<DictionaryWord[]>
Data binding on UI thread
© 2007 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. Microsoft, Windows, Windows Vista and other product names are or may be registered trademarks and/or trademarks in the U.S. and/or other countries.
The information herein is for informational purposes only and represents the current view of Microsoft Corporation as of the date of this presentation. Because Microsoft must respond to changing market conditions, it should not be interpreted to be a commitment on the part of Microsoft, and Microsoft cannot guarantee the accuracy of any information provided after the date of this presentation. MICROSOFT MAKES NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESS, IMPLIED OR STATUTORY, AS TO THE INFORMATION IN THIS PRESENTATION.

14. Converting Events and Asynchronous Methods
// Convert the TextChanged event to IObservable<string>
var input = (from evt in Observable.FromEventPattern(txt, “TextChanged”)
select ((TextBox)evt.Sender).Text)
.Throttle(TimeSpan.FromSeconds(0.5))
.DistinctUntilChanged();
// Convert asynchronous proxy methods to Func<string, IObservable<string[]>>
var lookup = Observable.FromAsyncPattern<string, string[]>(svc.BeginLookup,
svc.EndLookup);
// Compose both sources using a query
var res = from term in input
from words in lookup(term).TakeUntil(input)
select words;
No longer needed in Rx v2.0 for .NET 4.5, using Task<T>

15. Querying Event Streams
demo
Querying Event Streams
Bart J.F. De Smet
Senior Software Development Engineer
Cloud Programmability Team
© 2007 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. Microsoft, Windows, Windows Vista and other product names are or may be registered trademarks and/or trademarks in the U.S. and/or other countries.
The information herein is for informational purposes only and represents the current view of Microsoft Corporation as of the date of this presentation. Because Microsoft must respond to changing market conditions, it should not be interpreted to be a commitment on the part of Microsoft, and Microsoft cannot guarantee the accuracy of any information provided after the date of this presentation. MICROSOFT MAKES NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESS, IMPLIED OR STATUTORY, AS TO THE INFORMATION IN THIS PRESENTATION.

16. Stock Trade Analysis from tick in ticks ticks MSFT 27.01 INTC 21.75
4/19/2017 6:11 AM
Stock Trade Analysis
MSFT
27.01
INTC
21.75
MSFT
27.96
MSFT
31.21
INTC
22.54
INTC
20.98
MSFT
30.73
ticks
from tick in ticks
© 2007 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. Microsoft, Windows, Windows Vista and other product names are or may be registered trademarks and/or trademarks in the U.S. and/or other countries.
The information herein is for informational purposes only and represents the current view of Microsoft Corporation as of the date of this presentation. Because Microsoft must respond to changing market conditions, it should not be interpreted to be a commitment on the part of Microsoft, and Microsoft cannot guarantee the accuracy of any information provided after the date of this presentation. MICROSOFT MAKES NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESS, IMPLIED OR STATUTORY, AS TO THE INFORMATION IN THIS PRESENTATION.

17. Stock Trade Analysis group tick by tick.Symbol ticks MSFT INTC MSFT
4/19/2017 6:11 AM
Stock Trade Analysis
MSFT
27.01
INTC
21.75
MSFT
27.96
MSFT
31.21
INTC
22.54
INTC
20.98
MSFT
30.73
ticks
27.01
27.96
31.21
30.73
MSFT
21.75
22.54
20.98
INTC
from tick in ticks
group tick by tick.Symbol
© 2007 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. Microsoft, Windows, Windows Vista and other product names are or may be registered trademarks and/or trademarks in the U.S. and/or other countries.
The information herein is for informational purposes only and represents the current view of Microsoft Corporation as of the date of this presentation. Because Microsoft must respond to changing market conditions, it should not be interpreted to be a commitment on the part of Microsoft, and Microsoft cannot guarantee the accuracy of any information provided after the date of this presentation. MICROSOFT MAKES NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESS, IMPLIED OR STATUTORY, AS TO THE INFORMATION IN THIS PRESENTATION.

18. Stock Trade Analysis group tick by tick.Symbol into company
4/19/2017 6:11 AM
Stock Trade Analysis
MSFT
27.01
INTC
21.75
MSFT
27.96
MSFT
31.21
INTC
22.54
INTC
20.98
MSFT
30.73
ticks
[27.01, 27.96]
[27.96, 31.21]
[31.21, 30.73]
MSFT
[21.75, 22.54]
[22.54, 20.98]
INTC
from tick in ticks
group tick by tick.Symbol into company
from openClose in company.Buffer(2, 1)
© 2007 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. Microsoft, Windows, Windows Vista and other product names are or may be registered trademarks and/or trademarks in the U.S. and/or other countries.
The information herein is for informational purposes only and represents the current view of Microsoft Corporation as of the date of this presentation. Because Microsoft must respond to changing market conditions, it should not be interpreted to be a commitment on the part of Microsoft, and Microsoft cannot guarantee the accuracy of any information provided after the date of this presentation. MICROSOFT MAKES NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESS, IMPLIED OR STATUTORY, AS TO THE INFORMATION IN THIS PRESENTATION.

19. 4/19/2017 6:11 AM
Stock Trade Analysis
MSFT
27.01
INTC
21.75
MSFT
27.96
MSFT
31.21
INTC
22.54
INTC
20.98
MSFT
30.73
ticks
0.034
0.104
-0.015
MSFT
0.036
-0.069
INTC
from tick in ticks
group tick by tick.Symbol into company
from openClose in company.Buffer(2, 1)
let diff = (openClose[1] – openClose[0]) / openClose[0]
© 2007 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. Microsoft, Windows, Windows Vista and other product names are or may be registered trademarks and/or trademarks in the U.S. and/or other countries.
The information herein is for informational purposes only and represents the current view of Microsoft Corporation as of the date of this presentation. Because Microsoft must respond to changing market conditions, it should not be interpreted to be a commitment on the part of Microsoft, and Microsoft cannot guarantee the accuracy of any information provided after the date of this presentation. MICROSOFT MAKES NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESS, IMPLIED OR STATUTORY, AS TO THE INFORMATION IN THIS PRESENTATION.

20. Stock Trade Analysis where diff > 0.1 ticks MSFT INTC MSFT 27.01
4/19/2017 6:11 AM
Stock Trade Analysis
MSFT
27.01
INTC
21.75
MSFT
27.96
MSFT
31.21
INTC
22.54
INTC
20.98
MSFT
30.73
ticks
0.034
0.104
-0.015
MSFT
0.036
-0.069
INTC
from tick in ticks
group tick by tick.Symbol into company
from openClose in company.Buffer(2, 1)
let diff = (openClose[1] – openClose[0]) / openClose[0]
where diff > 0.1
© 2007 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. Microsoft, Windows, Windows Vista and other product names are or may be registered trademarks and/or trademarks in the U.S. and/or other countries.
The information herein is for informational purposes only and represents the current view of Microsoft Corporation as of the date of this presentation. Because Microsoft must respond to changing market conditions, it should not be interpreted to be a commitment on the part of Microsoft, and Microsoft cannot guarantee the accuracy of any information provided after the date of this presentation. MICROSOFT MAKES NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESS, IMPLIED OR STATUTORY, AS TO THE INFORMATION IN THIS PRESENTATION.

21. 4/19/2017 6:11 AM
Stock Trade Analysis
MSFT
27.01
INTC
21.75
MSFT
27.96
MSFT
31.21
INTC
22.54
INTC
20.98
MSFT
30.73
ticks
res
Company = MSFT
Increase = 0.104
from tick in ticks
group tick by tick.Symbol into company
from openClose in company.Buffer(2, 1)
let diff = (openClose[1] – openClose[0]) / openClose[0]
where diff > 0.1
select new { Company = company.Key, Increase = diff }
© 2007 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. Microsoft, Windows, Windows Vista and other product names are or may be registered trademarks and/or trademarks in the U.S. and/or other countries.
The information herein is for informational purposes only and represents the current view of Microsoft Corporation as of the date of this presentation. Because Microsoft must respond to changing market conditions, it should not be interpreted to be a commitment on the part of Microsoft, and Microsoft cannot guarantee the accuracy of any information provided after the date of this presentation. MICROSOFT MAKES NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESS, IMPLIED OR STATUTORY, AS TO THE INFORMATION IN THIS PRESENTATION.

22. Complex Event Processing
4/19/2017 6:11 AM
demo
Complex Event Processing
Bart J.F. De Smet
Senior Software Development Engineer
Cloud Programmability Team
© 2007 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. Microsoft, Windows, Windows Vista and other product names are or may be registered trademarks and/or trademarks in the U.S. and/or other countries.
The information herein is for informational purposes only and represents the current view of Microsoft Corporation as of the date of this presentation. Because Microsoft must respond to changing market conditions, it should not be interpreted to be a commitment on the part of Microsoft, and Microsoft cannot guarantee the accuracy of any information provided after the date of this presentation. MICROSOFT MAKES NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESS, IMPLIED OR STATUTORY, AS TO THE INFORMATION IN THIS PRESENTATION.

23. Reactive Extensions Architecture
LINQ to Events
from quote in stock
where quote.Symbol == “MSFT”
select quote.Value
Projection
Filtering
Aggregating
Grouping
Joins
Windowing
Sharing
Sampling
Throttling
Timeout
Merging
Recovery
Event Streams
IObservable<T>
IObserver<T>
ISubject<T>
Concurrency
IScheduler
Time
Threads
Cloud
Dispatchers

24. The Role of Schedulers Parameterize Concurrency//
// Runs a timer on the default scheduler
IObservable<long> Timer(TimeSpan dueTime);
// Every operator that introduces concurrency
// has an overload with an IScheduler
IObservable<long> Timer(TimeSpan dueTime,
IScheduler scheduler);

25. The Role of Schedulers Synchronization
var xs = Observable.Return(42, Scheduler.ThreadPool);
xs.Subscribe(x => lbl.Text = "Answer = " + x);
xs.ObserveOn( frm ) .Subscribe(x => lbl.Text = "Answer = " + x);
xs.ObserveOn(new ControlScheduler(frm)) .Subscribe(x => lbl.Text = "Answer = " + x);

26. The IScheduler Interface
public interface IScheduler {
DateTimeOffset Now { get; }
IDisposable Schedule<TState>( TState state,
Func<IScheduler, TState, IDisposable> action);
IDisposable Schedule<TState>( TimeSpan dueTime, TState state,
IDisposable Schedule<TState>( DateTimeOffset dueTime, TState state, }

27. Operational Layering of Rx
public static IObservable<T> Return<T>(T value,
IScheduler scheduler) {
return Observable.Create<T>(observer =>
// Serialize state to scheduler; return ability to cancel
return scheduler.Schedule(new { value, observer }, (_, x) =>
x.observer.OnNext(x.value);
x.observer.OnCompleted();
return Disposable.Empty; // No recursive work
}); }

28. Virtualizing Time for Testing
var scheduler = new TestScheduler();
var input = scheduler.CreateHotObservable(
OnNext(300, “Bart De Smet”),
OnNext(400, “Erik Meijer”),
OnCompleted<string>(500) );
var results = scheduler.Start(() => from name in input
select name.Length);
results.Messages.AssertEqual(
OnNext(300, 12),
OnNext(400, 11),
OnCompleted<int>(500)

29. Testing in Virtual Time
4/19/2017 6:11 AM
demo
Testing in Virtual Time
Bart J.F. De Smet
Senior Software Development Engineer
Cloud Programmability Team
© 2007 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. Microsoft, Windows, Windows Vista and other product names are or may be registered trademarks and/or trademarks in the U.S. and/or other countries.
The information herein is for informational purposes only and represents the current view of Microsoft Corporation as of the date of this presentation. Because Microsoft must respond to changing market conditions, it should not be interpreted to be a commitment on the part of Microsoft, and Microsoft cannot guarantee the accuracy of any information provided after the date of this presentation. MICROSOFT MAKES NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESS, IMPLIED OR STATUTORY, AS TO THE INFORMATION IN THIS PRESENTATION.

30. Expression Tree Representation of Queries
Runtime translation of reactive queries
Like IQueryable<T> for classic LINQ
Examples:
LINQ to WMI Events
Translates LINQ queries into WQL statements
LINQ to PowerShell
Translates LINQ queries into PowerShell pipelines
LINQ to Twitter
Translates LINQ queries into Twitter queries
Etc.

31. The IQbservable<T> Interface
public interface IQbservable<out T> : IObservable<T> {
Type ElementType { get; }
Expression Expression { get; }
IQbservableProvider Provider { get; } }
public interface IQbservableProvider
IQbservable<T> CreateQuery<T>(Expression expression);

32. The Query Processing Landscape
Local execution (in-process IL)
Query language
translation
IQueryable<T>
IQbservable<T>
Expression trees
LINQ to SQL (T-SQL)
Expression trees
LINQ to WMI (WQL)
LINQ
IEnumerable<T>
IObservable<T>
Iterators (yield)
LINQ to Objects
Observable.Create
LINQ to Events (Rx)
Pull-based
Push-based

33. demo LINQ to WMI Events Bart J.F. De Smet
4/19/2017 6:11 AM
demo
LINQ to WMI Events
Bart J.F. De Smet
Senior Software Development Engineer
Cloud Programmability Team
© 2007 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. Microsoft, Windows, Windows Vista and other product names are or may be registered trademarks and/or trademarks in the U.S. and/or other countries.
The information herein is for informational purposes only and represents the current view of Microsoft Corporation as of the date of this presentation. Because Microsoft must respond to changing market conditions, it should not be interpreted to be a commitment on the part of Microsoft, and Microsoft cannot guarantee the accuracy of any information provided after the date of this presentation. MICROSOFT MAKES NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESS, IMPLIED OR STATUTORY, AS TO THE INFORMATION IN THIS PRESENTATION.

34. announcing StreamInsight v2.1
Now with support for hosting Rx v1.0 queries using IQbservable<T>
© 2007 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. Microsoft, Windows, Windows Vista and other product names are or may be registered trademarks and/or trademarks in the U.S. and/or other countries.
The information herein is for informational purposes only and represents the current view of Microsoft Corporation as of the date of this presentation. Because Microsoft must respond to changing market conditions, it should not be interpreted to be a commitment on the part of Microsoft, and Microsoft cannot guarantee the accuracy of any information provided after the date of this presentation. MICROSOFT MAKES NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESS, IMPLIED OR STATUTORY, AS TO THE INFORMATION IN THIS PRESENTATION.

35. The Future of Rx Support for .NET Framework 4.5
Synergy with asynchronous programming features
Prefer using Task<T> for single-value asynchrony
Deprecation of FromAsyncPattern
Convert to IObservable<T> for more power
Use IObservable<T> for event streams
Await support returns last value
Reduce blocking operations
Deprecation of First, Last, Single, ForEach
Leveraging new platform capabilities
E.g. ExceptionDispatchInfo

36. The Asynchronous Programming Landscape
Single value (1)
Multiple values (*)
IEnumerable<T>
IObservable<T>
var res = from p in products
where p.Name == “Rx”
select p.Price;
foreach (var x in res) …
var res = from s in stocks
where s.Symbol == “MSFT”
select q.Quote
res.Subscribe(x => …
Func<T>
Task<T>
var y = f(x);
var z = g(y);
var y = await fAsync(x);
var z = await gAsync(y);
Synchronous
Asynchronous

37. Imperative glue ~ WaitForMultipleObjectsEx
Async without Rx…
async Task<string> GetHtmlAsync(Uri url) {
var client = new WebClient();
var download = client.DownloadStringAsync(url);
var timeout = Task.Delay(TimeSpan.FromSeconds(30));
if (await Task.WhenAny(download, timeout) == timeout)
throw new TimeoutException();
var html = await download;
return html; }
Imperative glue ~ WaitForMultipleObjectsEx

38. Async with Rx… Better together!
async Task<string> GetHtmlAsync(Uri url) {
var client = new WebClient();
var download = client.DownloadStringAsync(url)
.ToObservable()
.Timeout(TimeSpan.FromSeconds(30));
var html = await download;
return html; }
Composition
of query operators
Await support
for IObservable<T>

39. The Future of Rx Interoperability with WinRT
Use WinRT-style events with FromEventPattern
Different method signatures in IL
New IScheduler implementations
For WinRT ThreadPool and CoreDispatcher
ObserveOnDispatcher and SubscribeOnDispatcher support
Conversions of IAsync* types
Smooth interop with WinRT asynchronous operations
Support for progress tracking using IObservable<T>

40. The Future of Rx Towards Portable Library Support
System.Reactive.PlatformServices
Platform Enlightenments
System.Reactive.Providers
Expression tree support
Windows.Threading
System.Reactive.
Windows.Forms
System.Reactive.
WindowsRuntime
System.Reactive.
System.Reactive.
Remoting
System.Reactive.Linq
Query operators
System.Reactive.Core
Base classes, core schedulers, extensions methods
System.Reactive.Interfaces
Stable interfaces for forward compatibility

41. The Future of Rx Performance
Reducing locking in subjects [3x]
Faster producers [ x]
New ISchedulerLongRunning interface
Pipeline throughput [4x]
One call frame per operator
Reduced wrapping of observers
Less operators defined in terms of others
Eliminating redundant locks
Eradicating time skew due to timing issues
Play nicer with GC

42. demo Preview of Rx v2.0 Bart J.F. De Smet
4/19/2017 6:11 AM
demo
Preview of Rx v2.0
Bart J.F. De Smet
Senior Software Development Engineer
Cloud Programmability Team
© 2007 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. Microsoft, Windows, Windows Vista and other product names are or may be registered trademarks and/or trademarks in the U.S. and/or other countries.
The information herein is for informational purposes only and represents the current view of Microsoft Corporation as of the date of this presentation. Because Microsoft must respond to changing market conditions, it should not be interpreted to be a commitment on the part of Microsoft, and Microsoft cannot guarantee the accuracy of any information provided after the date of this presentation. MICROSOFT MAKES NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESS, IMPLIED OR STATUTORY, AS TO THE INFORMATION IN THIS PRESENTATION.

43. Summary Tame your event streams using Rx and LINQ! Download Rx today!
Through (search for Rx SDK)
Using (search for Rx-Main)
Now available: Rx v2.0 RC
Watch videos at
Visit our forums on MSDN

44. Related Content
DEV414 – LINQ, Take Two – Realizing the LINQ to Everything Dream
Find Me Later This Week In The Ask The Experts Area

45. Resources Learning TechNet http://europe.msteched.com
Connect. Share. Discuss.
Microsoft Certification & Training Resources
TechNet
Resources for IT Professionals
Resources for Developers

46. Submit your evals online
4/19/2017 6:11 AM
Evaluations
Submit your evals online
© 2007 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. Microsoft, Windows, Windows Vista and other product names are or may be registered trademarks and/or trademarks in the U.S. and/or other countries.
The information herein is for informational purposes only and represents the current view of Microsoft Corporation as of the date of this presentation. Because Microsoft must respond to changing market conditions, it should not be interpreted to be a commitment on the part of Microsoft, and Microsoft cannot guarantee the accuracy of any information provided after the date of this presentation. MICROSOFT MAKES NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESS, IMPLIED OR STATUTORY, AS TO THE INFORMATION IN THIS PRESENTATION.

47. 4/19/2017 6:11 AM
© 2012 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. Microsoft, Windows, Windows Vista and other product names are or may be registered trademarks and/or trademarks in the U.S. and/or other countries.
The information herein is for informational purposes only and represents the current view of Microsoft Corporation as of the date of this presentation. Because Microsoft must respond to changing market conditions, it should not be interpreted to be a commitment on the part of Microsoft, and Microsoft cannot guarantee the accuracy of any information provided after the date of this presentation. MICROSOFT MAKES NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESS, IMPLIED OR STATUTORY, AS TO THE INFORMATION IN THIS PRESENTATION.
© 2009 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. Microsoft, Windows, Windows Vista and other product names are or may be registered trademarks and/or trademarks in the U.S. and/or other countries.
The information herein is for informational purposes only and represents the current view of Microsoft Corporation as of the date of this presentation. Because Microsoft must respond to changing market conditions, it should not be interpreted to be a commitment on the part of Microsoft, and Microsoft cannot guarantee the accuracy of any information provided after the date of this presentation. MICROSOFT MAKES NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESS, IMPLIED OR STATUTORY, AS TO THE INFORMATION IN THIS PRESENTATION.