1. HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON World Geography Today HOLT 1 Human Geography Section 1: Population Geography Section 2: Cultural Geography Section 3: World Languages and Religions CHAPTER 5

2. HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON World Geography Today HOLT 2 Objectives: How do geographers study population? How do geographers study population? What are some important trends in world population? What are some important trends in world population? Section 1 Population Geography

3. HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON World Geography Today HOLT 3 Studying population: Geographers study relationships between populations and environments, using: Geographers study relationships between populations and environments, using: maps maps graphs graphs Section 1 Population Geography population pyramids population pyramids spatial perspective spatial perspective population change population change natural increase natural increase Key statistics: Key statistics: population density population density population distribution population distribution

4. HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON World Geography Today HOLT 4 World population trends: World population is increasing rapidly. World population is increasing rapidly. Economic development results in lower population growth rates. Economic development results in lower population growth rates. Many less-developed nations are gradually reducing population growth. Many less-developed nations are gradually reducing population growth. Future population projections vary, but population- related challenges are inevitable. Future population projections vary, but population- related challenges are inevitable. Section 1 Population Geography

5. HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON World Geography Today HOLT 5 Objectives: How do geographers study culture? How do geographers study culture? How do cultures change over time? How do cultures change over time? Section 2 Cultural Geography

6. HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON World Geography Today HOLT 6 Studying culture: culture traits—activities and behaviors common to groups of people culture traits—activities and behaviors common to groups of people culture regions—areas in which people share culture traits culture regions—areas in which people share culture traits Section 2 Cultural Geography

7. HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON World Geography Today HOLT 7 How cultures change Cultures change through general processes such as migration, war, and trade. Cultures change through general processes such as migration, war, and trade. Key concepts: Key concepts: innovation—adoption of new and useful ideas innovation—adoption of new and useful ideas diffusion—spread of ideas diffusion—spread of ideas globalization—worldwide adoption of culture traits globalization—worldwide adoption of culture traits traditionalism—maintenance of traditional practices traditionalism—maintenance of traditional practices Section 2 Cultural Geography

8. HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON World Geography Today HOLT 8 Objectives: What is the geography of the world’s languages? What is the geography of the world’s languages? What are the three main types of religions that geographers identify? What are the three main types of religions that geographers identify? Section 3 World Languages and Religions

9. HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON World Geography Today HOLT 9 Geography of languages: Languages have spatial characteristics, linked to specific regions and peoples. Languages have spatial characteristics, linked to specific regions and peoples. Languages are divided into families and branches. Languages are divided into families and branches. Geographers study the origins and spread of languages. Geographers study the origins and spread of languages. Section 3 World Languages and Religions

10. HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON World Geography Today HOLT 10 Types of religions: ethnic—focus on one ethnic group; examples: Hinduism, Judaism ethnic—focus on one ethnic group; examples: Hinduism, Judaism animist—focus on spirits and forces of nature; often have ethnic basis animist—focus on spirits and forces of nature; often have ethnic basis universalizing—seek worldwide following; examples: Islam, Christianity universalizing—seek worldwide following; examples: Islam, Christianity Section 3 World Languages and Religions