1. University Library Audiovisual preservation From the Point of View of Selected Philippine Academic Libraries Christine M. Abrigo De La Salle University Library Manila, Philippines Archives Congress 2012 Towards Multi-Ethnic Archiving in thePostmodern Era 17-18 November 2012 Ateneo de Davao University Roxas Avenue, Davao City

2. Audio-visual Preservation: From the Point of View of Selected Philippine Aademic Libraries C.M. Abrigo ARCHIVES CONGRESS 2012 UniversityLibrary Some concepts to start off…Some concepts to start off… Audiovisual heritage Audiovisual archives Audiovisual archiving Audiovisual preservation

3. Audio-visual Preservation: From the Point of View of Selected Philippine Aademic Libraries C.M. Abrigo ARCHIVES CONGRESS 2012 UniversityLibrary Audiovisual heritage Products of : Entertainment industry Electronic mass media Radio Television

4. Audio-visual Preservation: From the Point of View of Selected Philippine Aademic Libraries C.M. Abrigo ARCHIVES CONGRESS 2012 UniversityLibrary Audiovisual archives an organization or department of an organization focused on collecting, managing, preserving and providing access to a collection of audiovisual media and the audiovisual heritage, applying archival principles

5. Audio-visual Preservation: From the Point of View of Selected Philippine Aademic Libraries C.M. Abrigo ARCHIVES CONGRESS 2012 UniversityLibrary Types of AV Archive Academic – in universities; research/educational materials; maybe small/specialized Specialized or thematic – concentrate on a particular format, subject-matter or locality, or relate to specific cultural groups Production – Film companies, broadcasting companies and record companies maintain archives for use and exploitation by the parent company

6. Audio-visual Preservation: From the Point of View of Selected Philippine Aademic Libraries C.M. Abrigo ARCHIVES CONGRESS 2012 UniversityLibrary Audiovisual archiving a custodial profession a small and young profession originated in a variety of institutional environments

7. Audio-visual Preservation: From the Point of View of Selected Philippine Aademic Libraries C.M. Abrigo ARCHIVES CONGRESS 2012 UniversityLibrary Who may be the boss? Librarian Archivist Conservator Curator AV archivist ▫ Not librarians, like archivists

8. Audio-visual Preservation: From the Point of View of Selected Philippine Aademic Libraries C.M. Abrigo ARCHIVES CONGRESS 2012 UniversityLibrary Audio-visual preservation Audio-visual preservation is the totality of things necessary to ensure the permanent accessibility, with minimum loss of quality, of the visual or sonic content or other essential attributes of the work concerned. (Edmondson, 2002)

9. Audio-visual Preservation: From the Point of View of Selected Philippine Aademic Libraries C.M. Abrigo ARCHIVES CONGRESS 2012 UniversityLibrary Preserving the here and now Safeguarding the information, not the carrier per se Protection of the intangible heritage Storage is a simple act of preservation that prolongs the collection’s lifeline Preservation policy – a good backbone for media libraries

10. Audio-visual Preservation: From the Point of View of Selected Philippine Aademic Libraries C.M. Abrigo ARCHIVES CONGRESS 2012 UniversityLibrary AV Preservation in the Philippines The Philippines has an enduring history of film and television industry Libraries collect and preserve AV materials in magnetic format for the longest time Preservation copies are made using the same media

11. Audio-visual Preservation: From the Point of View of Selected Philippine Aademic Libraries C.M. Abrigo ARCHIVES CONGRESS 2012 UniversityLibrary AV Preservation Practices of Selected Academic Media Libraries The Study

12. Audio-visual Preservation: From the Point of View of Selected Philippine Aademic Libraries C.M. Abrigo ARCHIVES CONGRESS 2012 UniversityLibrary A bit of an overview… Abrigo, C.M. and V.M. Abrigo. 2010. Audio-visual preservation: a perpetual dilemma among selected Philippine academic libraries. Presented at the JTS 2010: Digital Challenges and Digital Opportunities in Audiovisual Archiving, 02-05 May 2010, Oslo, Norway

13. Audio-visual Preservation: From the Point of View of Selected Philippine Aademic Libraries C.M. Abrigo ARCHIVES CONGRESS 2012 UniversityLibrary The international gathering for all specialists of the audio-visual, cinema and sound heritage Happens every 3 years A FIAF Congress joint event Organized by:

14. Audio-visual Preservation: From the Point of View of Selected Philippine Aademic Libraries C.M. Abrigo ARCHIVES CONGRESS 2012 UniversityLibrary Participation was made possible by:

15. Audio-visual Preservation: From the Point of View of Selected Philippine Aademic Libraries C.M. Abrigo ARCHIVES CONGRESS 2012 UniversityLibrary The Study in gist Focused on three (3) academic media libraries Preservation dilemma: media obsolescence Two (2)-year-old data ▫ conducted in March 2010

16. Audio-visual Preservation: From the Point of View of Selected Philippine Aademic Libraries C.M. Abrigo ARCHIVES CONGRESS 2012 UniversityLibrary Universities under study Multi-ethnicCulturally diverse As an academic community Program-wise

17. Audio-visual Preservation: From the Point of View of Selected Philippine Aademic Libraries C.M. Abrigo ARCHIVES CONGRESS 2012 UniversityLibrary Media Libraries in Universities Maintain media resource centers to complement their print collection Curricular support is the primary thrust

18. Audio-visual Preservation: From the Point of View of Selected Philippine Aademic Libraries C.M. Abrigo ARCHIVES CONGRESS 2012 UniversityLibrary Media center (library) vs. Film/AV archive

19. Audio-visual Preservation: From the Point of View of Selected Philippine Aademic Libraries C.M. Abrigo ARCHIVES CONGRESS 2012 UniversityLibrary Subjects of the study Ateneo de Manila University (Rizal Library) De La Salle University Library (DLSU Library) University of the Philippines Diliman (UP Diliman Library)

20. Audio-visual Preservation: From the Point of View of Selected Philippine Aademic Libraries C.M. Abrigo ARCHIVES CONGRESS 2012 UniversityLibrary AV collection make up [1/2] Coverage -- local and foreign documentaries with socio- cultural and political contexts humanities language studies general interest feature films music of various genre (i.e., pop, folk, ethnic, oral history, et al.)

21. Audio-visual Preservation: From the Point of View of Selected Philippine Aademic Libraries C.M. Abrigo ARCHIVES CONGRESS 2012 UniversityLibrary AV collection make up [2/2]

22. Audio-visual Preservation: From the Point of View of Selected Philippine Aademic Libraries C.M. Abrigo ARCHIVES CONGRESS 2012 UniversityLibrary On Preservation No written preservation policy Rule-of-thumb procedures Storage conditionsAir-conditioned room BudgetGrant-seeking Human resources / Training Improvisation/initiative self-trainingISSUESOLUTION

23. Audio-visual Preservation: From the Point of View of Selected Philippine Aademic Libraries C.M. Abrigo ARCHIVES CONGRESS 2012 UniversityLibrary On Obsolescence [1/2] Obsolescence is felt whenever video and sound recordings on tape is being played ▫ Playback machines and magnetic tapes are rapidly disappearing in the Philippine market

24. Audio-visual Preservation: From the Point of View of Selected Philippine Aademic Libraries C.M. Abrigo ARCHIVES CONGRESS 2012 UniversityLibrary On Obsolescence [2/2] Refreshing became the common preservation practice ▫ Ensures continuity and sustainability of the information contained in carriers Migration later became the strategy ▫ Triggered by playback machines going out of the market

25. Audio-visual Preservation: From the Point of View of Selected Philippine Aademic Libraries C.M. Abrigo ARCHIVES CONGRESS 2012 UniversityLibrary AV Preservation Practices 2 years later...

26. Audio-visual Preservation: From the Point of View of Selected Philippine Aademic Libraries C.M. Abrigo ARCHIVES CONGRESS 2012 UniversityLibrary Cultural heritage could now be captured by anyone at anytime with ease.

27. Audio-visual Preservation: From the Point of View of Selected Philippine Aademic Libraries C.M. Abrigo ARCHIVES CONGRESS 2012 UniversityLibrary Cultural heritage is now more flexible to share and modify.

28. Audio-visual Preservation: From the Point of View of Selected Philippine Aademic Libraries C.M. Abrigo ARCHIVES CONGRESS 2012 UniversityLibrary Cultural heritage is now a digital heritage. "Our digital heritage – only a few decades old – is already endangered.” "Our digital heritage – only a few decades old – is already endangered.” (Findlay, 2002) ENDANGERED!!!

29. Audio-visual Preservation: From the Point of View of Selected Philippine Aademic Libraries C.M. Abrigo ARCHIVES CONGRESS 2012 UniversityLibrary Current realities Life cycle of audiovisual materials has turned around technologically AV delivery has become more content-driven Access is crucial Academic media centers in the Philippines are also braving the same waters of digital AV preservation.

30. Audio-visual Preservation: From the Point of View of Selected Philippine Aademic Libraries C.M. Abrigo ARCHIVES CONGRESS 2012 UniversityLibrary Preserving the intangible and setting it free Focus of academic media centers: enabling massive access to AV content Preservation work must take off Academic media librarian: as custodian and as preservationist AV preservation program is essential Preservation ‐ on ‐ demand becomes the smart solution to preserve AV content

31. Audio-visual Preservation: From the Point of View of Selected Philippine Aademic Libraries C.M. Abrigo ARCHIVES CONGRESS 2012 UniversityLibrary Revisiting ADMU, DLSU and UPD in 2012

32. Audio-visual Preservation: From the Point of View of Selected Philippine Aademic Libraries C.M. Abrigo ARCHIVES CONGRESS 2012 UniversityLibrary Rizal Library Analog to digital transfer (preservation practice) began in 2010 Preservation on demand ▫ First priority – video recordings ▫ Second priority – sound recordings

33. Audio-visual Preservation: From the Point of View of Selected Philippine Aademic Libraries C.M. Abrigo ARCHIVES CONGRESS 2012 UniversityLibrary DLSU Library Analog to digital transfer is the preservation practice Preservation on demand ▫ First priority – video recordings ▫ Second priority – sound recordings

34. Audio-visual Preservation: From the Point of View of Selected Philippine Aademic Libraries C.M. Abrigo ARCHIVES CONGRESS 2012 UniversityLibrary UP Diliman Library Analog to digital transfer is the preservation practice Preservation on demand ▫ First priority – video recordings ▫ Second priority – sound recordings

35. Audio-visual Preservation: From the Point of View of Selected Philippine Aademic Libraries C.M. Abrigo ARCHIVES CONGRESS 2012 UniversityLibrary AV collections transferred to digital files to preserve content and make content accessible

36. Audio-visual Preservation: From the Point of View of Selected Philippine Aademic Libraries C.M. Abrigo ARCHIVES CONGRESS 2012 UniversityLibrary Their new AV preservation direction Preservation strategy is heading towards digital media preservation Towards mobility of AV content

37. Audio-visual Preservation: From the Point of View of Selected Philippine Aademic Libraries C.M. Abrigo ARCHIVES CONGRESS 2012 UniversityLibrary Conclusion

38. Audio-visual Preservation: From the Point of View of Selected Philippine Aademic Libraries C.M. Abrigo ARCHIVES CONGRESS 2012 UniversityLibrary In JTS 2010... Long term digital storage Digital AV archiving projects being done in Europe Archiving of videos on the web

39. Audio-visual Preservation: From the Point of View of Selected Philippine Aademic Libraries C.M. Abrigo ARCHIVES CONGRESS 2012 UniversityLibrary In SEAPAVAA 2012... Creating and managing a digital AV archive Legislations/copyrights of a digital AV archive Storage of an AV archive in digital era

40. Audio-visual Preservation: From the Point of View of Selected Philippine Aademic Libraries C.M. Abrigo ARCHIVES CONGRESS 2012 UniversityLibrary Quoting Mr. Richard Wright...

41. Audio-visual Preservation: From the Point of View of Selected Philippine Aademic Libraries C.M. Abrigo ARCHIVES CONGRESS 2012 UniversityLibrary Quoting Mr. Richard Wright...

42. Audio-visual Preservation: From the Point of View of Selected Philippine Aademic Libraries C.M. Abrigo ARCHIVES CONGRESS 2012 UniversityLibrary Quoting Mr. Richard Wright...

43. Audio-visual Preservation: From the Point of View of Selected Philippine Aademic Libraries C.M. Abrigo ARCHIVES CONGRESS 2012 UniversityLibrary As for ADMU, DLSU and UPD... Receptive to the needs of their users Aware of the current developments in AV arena Regard access to AV content

44. Audio-visual Preservation: From the Point of View of Selected Philippine Aademic Libraries C.M. Abrigo ARCHIVES CONGRESS 2012 UniversityLibrary Thank you.Thank you. christine.abrigo@dlsu.edu.ph 18 November 2012 Archives Congress 2012 Davao City

45. Audio-visual Preservation: From the Point of View of Selected Philippine Aademic Libraries C.M. Abrigo ARCHIVES CONGRESS 2012 UniversityLibrary References Edmondson, R. (2004). Audiovisual archiving: philosophy and principles. Retrieved March 26, 2011 from http://www.ifap.ru/library/book104.pdf Edmondson, R. (2002, March). SEAPAVAA manual for AV archives: an outline prepared for UNESCO. Retrieved August 1, 2009, from the South East Asia and Pacific Audio-Visual Archives Association: http://www.pia.gov.ph/seapavaa/downloadables/SEAPAVAAMANUALoutline.doc Feather, J. (2004). Introduction: principle and policies. In Feather, J. (Ed.), Managing preservation for libraries and archives: current practice and future developments (pp. 1-25). England: Ashgate Publishing Limited. Martin, J. (2005). The dawn of tape: transmission device as preservation medium. The Moving Image, 5.1, 45-66. Retrieved July 29, 2009, from Project MUSE database. Puplick, C. (2009). Is our audio-visual heritage at risk and how can we work together to resolve these problems? Bandung, Indonesia: 13th South East Asia and Pacific Audio-Visual Archives Association (SEAPAVAA) Conference. Retrieved August 1, 2009, from the South East Asia and Pacific Audio-Visual Archives Association: http://www.pia.gov.ph/seapavaa/papers/2009/s5-puplick.pdf Roads, C. (1981). Audio visual archiving in the context of South-East Asia: report prepared for the government of the republic of the Philippines by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO). Retrieved August 1, 2009, from http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0004/000470/047053eo.pdf Rothenberg, J. (1999, January). Avoiding technological quicksand: finding a viable technical foundation for digital preservation. Council on Library and Information Resources. Retrieved July 31, 2009, from http://www.clir.org/pubs/reports/rothenberg/contents.html Schüller, D. (2004). Sound recordings: problems of preservation. In Feather, J. (Ed.), Managing preservation for libraries and archives: current practice and future developments (pp. 113-131). England: Ashgate Publishing Limited. Smith, A. (1998, May/June). Preservation in the future tense. Council on Library and Information Resources, 3. Retrieved July 31, 2009, from http://www.clir.org/pubs/issues/issues03.html#preserve Van Malssen, K. (2008). Joint Technical Symposium 2007: audiovisual heritage and the digital universe, University of Toronto, June 28–30, 2007. The Moving Image, 8 (2), 78-86. Retrieved July 29, 2009, from Project MUSE database. Webb, C. (2004). The malleability of fire: preserving digital information. In Feather, J. (Ed.), Managing preservation for libraries and archives: current practice and future developments (pp. 27-52). England: Ashgate Publishing Limited. Image sources: http://www.high-techproductions.com/ColorBars2.gif http://www.remit.co.uk/UserFiles/Image/E_D_Calendar_Logo/worlddaycul_diver.jpg http://www.cepro.com/images/uploads/videoformats_icons.jpg http://cache.gizmodo.com/assets/images/4/2011/11/medium_b3c3a30a40fbbcc3539468079548d400.jpg http://video48.blogspot.com/2012/03/post-war-tagalog-movies-105-ulilang.html