1. A Global Conflict (Ch. 13, Sec. 3)

2. What were the causes of the Russian Revolution? February 1917, shortage of food caused people to begin to riot in protest Army (czar’s) joined on the side of the people The czar was replaced / Soviets, or councils formed in cities to challenge new government November 1917, Lenin & the Bolsheviks took control of the government, overthrew Romanovs Spring of 1918, Russia signed treaty with Germany (Brest-Litovsk) / freed up German & Austro-Hungarian troops

4. Why did America finally enter WWI? US chose not to become involved in European affair 3,000 miles away (neutral) British blockaded German coast / Germany used unrestricted submarine warfare, u-boats Sinking of Lusitania & other passenger ships brought strong protest from US Zimmerman note, sinking of four unarmed US merchant ships led US to join WWI

6. How did America’s involvement change WWI? US readied for war with Selective Service Act & mass production America introduced convoy system to protect allied shipping & set up 230-mile mine barrier America brought enthusiasm & sheer manpower to the war (250,000 per month) General Pershing’s American Expeditionary Force helped stop the German advance

8. How did America’s involvement change WWI? (cont’d) US supplied tons of much needed food & about $10 billion in loans to Allies August 1918, US tank forces led decisive victory at Ambiens, France / crippled German army US involvement forced an exhausted & demoralized German people (army, navy) to mutiny against German government The Kaiser gave up his throne and new German Republic (Weimar) surrendered to Allies