1. MAGHREBIAN PROSPECTS IN AFRICA: MOROCCO By Petra Patty

2. Outline Introduction Politics: – Foreign policy of Morocco towards Sub-saharan Africa Economics: – Agreements regulating relations – Figures of trade – Investments: Banking Infrastructure Conclusions

3. Two types of relations: – 1. Traditionally friendly: Senegal, Gabon, DR Congo, Guinee Equatorial, Mauritania, Ivory Coast – 2. Ones made tense, mainly for political reasons to do with the Western Saharan conflict: Nigeria, South Africa, etc. 1980’s: – 1984, Morocco leaves the Organization of African Unity – Developing relations with Angola (1985), Cape Verde (1987) – 1986: Creation of Agence Marocaine de Coopération Internationale - AMCI Foreign policy of Morocco towards Sub-saharan Africa

4. 1990’s: – 150 different agreements by the middle of the decade – Other efforts: Somalia 1992-93, visits: 1996, etc From 1999, King Mohammed VI. – Repeated annual visits from 2001, including Gabon, Republic of Congo, Democratic Republic of Congo, Gambia – 25 embassies in Africa, 6 new representations by the end of 2010

5. Foreign policy of Morocco towards Sub-saharan Africa New direction of social cooperation: – 2006: Niger food crisis Hospitalization, stock of drugs, pesticides, etc. – 2004, visits to Bénin, Cameroon, Gabon, Niger and Senegal signing conventions – 180-268 millions Euros of support to West-African and Central African countries – Three sided cooperations – NEPAD (New Partnership for Africa’s Dvelopment) Strategy toward least developing countries: – 2000, European African Summit, Cairo – 2003, Extraordinary Ministerial Conference for Least Developed Countries in Rabat Intensions of working together with organizations: – 2000, UEMOA (West African Economic and Monetary Union) – 2001, joining COMESA (Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa) – 2002, Mano River Union Meeting in Rabat

6. Agreements regulating relations 2002, UEMOA (West African Economic and Monetary Union): – Trade and investment on industrial and agricultural products – Not taken affect yet 2004, visits to Bénin, Cameroon, Gabon, Niger and Senegal: – Conventions on non-double taxation, encouragement of investment, projects: expertise and funds – Sea trade, mining, civil engineering, housing, water and education

7. Agreements regulating relations Strengthening relations, diversifying markets: bilateral economic and trade cooperations, classic or preferential, 17 countries Mixed inter-state commissions Private sector: – Official support – International forums – Studies on trade prospects – Organization for the support of export

8. Current figures of trade  Global sum of trade:  1990-1998: 300,6 million dollars on average per year  1998-2008: 529 million dollars  Commercial trade: 101 million dollars deficit on average per year for the period of 1990-98 2008: 282,8 million dollar excess

9. Current figures of trade 2008, Moroccan export: – 4,46% to Africa (Main markets: Senegal, Equatorial Guinea and Ivory Coast, Congo, Nigeria, Ghana, Angola) – 75,23% to EU – 6,9% to Asia – 2,72% to USA Export by zones: – 27,2% to UEMOA – 19,31% to CEMAC – Economic and Monetary Union of Central Africa – 2% to SACU – Southern African Customs Union, – 170% increase of trade between Morocco and Sub-saharan Africa: 1998: 52,6 million dollars 2008: 1,4 billion dollars Versus Tunisia: 107 million dollars and Egypt: 320 million dollars

10. Current figures of trade  Main Sub-saharian suppliers of Morocco: Gabon, Congo, Central African Republic, Ivory Coast, Nigeria, Burkina Faso, Sénégal, South Africa  Import by zones:  59,82% from SACU  17,5% from CEMAC  11,63% from UEMOA

11. Composition of export, 1998-2008: Source : Chelem, calcul DEPF

12. Composition of import, 1998-2008 Source : Chelem, calcul DEPF

13. Current figures of trade  Relations with countries who recognize the RASD (Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic – or Western Sahara):  Rebuilding relations for the past 10 years  Moroccan economy more international  Retreat of recognition  South Africa: 210 million Euros in 2008  Nigeria: 60 million Euros in 2008  (720 million with Algeria)

14. Investments 2008: amongst the top 20 investors in Africa Private sector: – Taking expertise and know-how to the continent Strategic sectors: – Banking – Engineering – Telecommunication – Infrastructure (Royal Air Maroc)

15. Banking: Attijariwafa Bank and BMCE First two moroccan groups on international markets. Attijariwafa Bank: – Present in Tunisia, Senegal (66,67% of Senegalo-tunisian Bank), Mali (51% of International Bank of Mali – 60 million Euros) – GNP of the bank’s subsidiaries in Western Africa: 1,47 billion DH, Central Africa: 539 million DH – 2009: took over 5 subsidiaries of Credit agricole: Congo, Ivory Coast, Cameroon, Gabon, Senegal, others in plan: Burkina, Togo, Niger, Equatorial Guinea – 2010 April 29-30th, Casablanca BMCE – Banque Marocaine du Commerce Exterieur: – Present in about 12 African countries – Subsidiary in Senegal (BMCE Capital Dakar) loans 50 million Euros to the port of Dakar. – 2007: acquisition of upto 35% of capital of the Bank of Africa (BOA) – 2008: received 70 million euro support from the IFC (International Finance Cooperation) – International subsidiaries: 8,5% of net turnover in 2008 – 74 million euros – Outside BOA, operates in Congo-Brazzaville, Cameroon, Senegal and Tunisia

16. Infrastructure: SOMAGEC, Groupe CCGT SOMAGEC (Société Maghrébine de Génie Civil ): Leading builder of harbour and maritime infrastructure in Morocco, making a turnover of about 138 million Euros in 2008. Equatorial Guinea: – Subsidiary SOMAGEC GE – 2 500 employees – Built ports in Malabo, Kogo and Annobón – Drinking water network in Bata – In three years: 1,3 billion Euros 2006: invitation to apply for building the port of Dakar in Senegal Groupe CCGT (Consortium des Canalisation des Granulats et des Travaux): Present in Guinea for 12 years, Sierra-Leone as well as Guinea-Bissau Guinea: 70 million DH, agricultural area of 724 ha Senegal: construction of a 230 km road

17. Conclusion  Africa: alternative market to the european  Despite marked improvements in the past decade, only 5% of Morocco’s export goes to Africa  Still alot of potential:  Improved political stability  Economic transparency  Rise of purchasing power  Exemplary behaviour