1. 4 Phase Model of a Project
An interpretation of the Scottish Parliament & Welsh Assembly

2. Four phases of a project
Conception
Development
Realisation
Termination
Lockyer. K., Gordon. J

3. Four phases of a project
Conception
Organisations capability
Costs
Required budget
Product specification
Capital outlay
Procurement
Contract conditions
Development
Detailed design and specification
Appoint project manager
Create project team
Project plan (outline)

4. Four phases of a project
Realisation
Project progress
Expenditure
Costs
problems
Termination
Success of methods used
Performance of then team members
Reliability of the suppliers

5. The purpose of project phases
Projects are broken up into a number of project phases, each of which is a designated group of activities that normally result in a deliverable or a milestone. Project phases are defined to assist in control or management of the project.

6. Original Model Lockyer & Gordon
Conception
Development
Realisation
Termination
Only a slight overlap between the phases – normal situation

7. Fast Track Construction Technique variation (design – build) interpreted by David Moulton
Conception
Development
Realisation
Termination
Note overlap increased here.
This is where the time is saved using a fast track approach. Realisation (in this case construction) can begin while development (in this case design) begins. Result time saved (in theory).

8. The reality of the Scottish Parliament Interpreted by David Moulton
Conception phase
Development phase
Termination Phase
Termination
Realisation phase
Notice how the three phases overlap, the conception phase is still not fully complete even while the realisation phase is being undertaken. The many changes in the project required alterations to aspects of the concept and also changes to plans made in the development phase. The lack of clarity of the key objectives and which had priority (conception phase) increased risk and created uncertainty

9. The Welsh Assembly Interpreted by David Moulton
Method reviewed
Conception
Development
Realisation
Termination
The Welsh Assembly also adopted a fast track method (construction method – design/build) similar to that used by the Scottish Parliament. However they found that this was difficult to control in terms of cost and time and decided to review the situation. The decision was to stop using the fast track approach (red line) and contract to a construction organisation on a fixed price basis. The result was a controlled budget and completion on time.