1. IE 419/519 Wireless Networks Lecture Notes #1 Course Introduction

2. 2 IE 419/519 Personnel Instructor: Dr. J. David Porter Office 420 Rogers Hall Phone (541) 737-2446 Email david.porter@oregonstate.edu david.porter@oregonstate.edu Office hours M W 4:00 – 5:30PM By Appointment

3. 3 Textbook Stallings, W., Wireless Communications & Networks, 2 nd Edition, Prentice Hall, 2005

4. 4 Book References Stallings, W., Data & Computer Communications, 9 th Edition, Prentice Hall, 2011 Palmer, R., The Bar Code Book, 5 th Edition, Helmer’s Publishing, 2007 Any Visual Basic programming reference book Any MS Access programming reference book

5. 5 IE 419/519 Websites Course’s Web Site http://classes.engr.oregonstate.edu/mime/winter2013/ie519 Book’s Web Site http://williamstallings.com/WirelessCommunications/ Students are responsible for checking course’s web site on a regular basis for updates Lecture notes will be posted there PowerPoint format Course Announcements Homework Assignments

6. 6 Course Format Lectures Two sessions per week T Th 10:00 – 11:20AM Rogers 332 Reading Assignments Homework Assignments Midterm Examination Final Examination Term Project

7. 7 Course Learning Outcomes All students completing IE 419 or IE 519 should be able to: 1.Understand different types of wireless local area network (WLAN) technologies. 2.Understand the significance that specific layers of the TCP/IP protocol have in wireless communications. 3.Identify the different types of wireless communications protocols contained in the IEEE 802.11 WLAN standard. 4.Identify the most critical antenna design parameters and understand their impact in wireless communications. 5.Understand radio frequency (RF) propagation. 6.Understand spread spectrum technology. 7.Demonstrate knowledge of concepts related with alternative wireless technologies such as radio frequency identification (RFID). 8.Demonstrate the ability to design and implement a wireless data collection system. 9.Demonstrate the ability to communicate and document technical information in a professional, structured, timely, and effective manner.

8. 8 Grading Criteria Homework15% Midterm25% Final Exam25% Term Project * 35% A student must attend at least 90% of the lecture sessions to be eligible to receive credit for the term project. *

9. 9 Course Policies Reading Assignments Reading assignments are required for ALL lecture sessions Students are strongly advised to complete these assignments before attending the corresponding lecture Homework Should be submitted at the beginning of the class on the day is due Late assignments will not be allowed Must be completed individually, unless otherwise specified by the instructor

10. 10 Course Policies Examinations Students are expected to take the examinations on the scheduled dates If a student is unable to attend an exam due to verifiable unforeseeable reasons (e.g., illness, accident, etc.), the instructor will, at his discretion, decide whether to designate a make-up date and time for the examination or to shift the weight of the missed examination to the final exam Exams will be closed-book and closed-notes The final exam will be cumulative

11. The Term Project

12. 12 When Are Mobile Solutions Appropriate? When the business currently uses paper forms When employees need to analyze the information collected at the point of action When the business suffers from Poor communications between the office, floor, warehouse, and field Long accounts receivable cycles and/or poor customer satisfaction When the business involves inspections, inventory control, auditing, or market research Great opportunities to improve productivity and efficiency

13. 13 Wireless System Architecture

14. 14 Requirements Identify Candidate Application Domain Must include at least two sequential processes Database System MS Access Graphic User Interface MS Access Visual Basic/Visual C++ Client Application Wavelink Studio

15. 15 Term Project Deliverables Project Proposal Weekly Status Report Final Written Report Final Presentation Project Demo Peer Evaluation Project Documentation CD

16. 16 Current Process

17. 17 R2W Proposed Process

18. Introduction

19. 19 Evolution of Wireless Technology Nikola Tesla Invented radio communications Guglielmo Marconi Sent telegraphic signals across the Atlantic Ocean Communications satellites launched in 1960s Advances in wireless technology Radio, television, mobile telephone, communication satellites More recently Satellite communications, wireless networking, cellular technology

20. 20 Broadband Wireless Technology Higher data rates achievable with broadband wireless technology Graphics, video, audio Shares same advantages of all wireless services

21. 21 Wireless Technologies Unlicensed Frequency Spectrum Industrial, Scientific and Medical (ISM) 915 MHz 2.45 GHz 5.8 GHz Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi) Based on IEEE 802.11 standards Refers to 802.11-compatible products certified as interoperable by the Wi-Fi Alliance Covers office and home based LANs as well as hotspots

22. 22 Comparison of Wi-Fi Standards IEEE StandardData RateFrequency BandNotes 802.111 Mbps 2 Mbps 2.4 GHzFirst standard (1997). Used both DSSS & FHSS. 802.11aUp to 54 Mbps5 GHzSecond standard (1999). Products not released until late 2000. 802.11b5.5 Mbps 11 Mbps 2.4 GHzThird standard but second wave of products (1999). Most common.

23. 23 Comparison of Wi-Fi Standards IEEE StandardData RateFrequency BandNotes 802.11gUp to 54 Mbps2.4 GHzStandard approved in June 2003. 802.11nUp to 600 Mbps MIMO (multiple input multiple output) 5 GHz and/or 2.4 GHz Released in 2008. Full approval expected in December 2009. Next generation?

24. 24 Wireless Technologies (cont.) Unlicensed Frequency Spectrum Unlicensed National Information Infrastructure (U-NII) U-NII devices do not require licensing Designated to provide short-range, high-speed wireless networking communication at low cost Three frequency bands (100 MHz each) were set aside by the FCC in 1997 Objective was to help schools connect to the Internet without the need for hard wiring

25. 25 Wireless Technologies (cont.) Unlicensed Frequency Spectrum Unlicensed National Information Infrastructure (U-NII) DesignationFrequency Band Maximum Output Power Use U-NII-15.15 – 5.25GHz50 mWIndoor only U-NII-25.25 – 5.35 GHz250 mWOutdoor and indoor U-NII-2e*5.47 – 5.725 GHz250 mWOutdoor and indoor U-NII-35.725 – 5.825 GHz1 WOutdoor only

26. 26 Wireless Technologies (cont.) Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX) Similar to Wi-Fi Range of 40-50 Km Wireless alternative to cable, DSL, and T1/E1 for last- mile broadband access Initial developments were in fixed locations but a mobile version was also developed

27. 27 Wireless Technologies (cont.) ZigBee Standard ratified on Dec 9, 2004 Enables reliable, cost-effective, low-power, wirelessly networked, monitoring and control products based on an open global standard Targeted to sensors and control devices that do not require high bandwidths but do require low latency and very low power consumption Initial markets Home control Building Automation Industrial Automation

28. 28 Wireless Technologies (cont.) Ultrawideband According to the FCC, ultrawideband is any radio technology with a spectrum that occupies greater than 20% of the center frequency or a minimum of 500MHz An UWB system provides a wireless PAN Data payload communication capabilities of 53.3, 80, 110, 160, 200, 320, 400, and 480 Mb/s Employs orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) Technology specification developed by MultiBand OFDM Alliance (MBOA) Over 170 member companies

29. 29 Limitations and Difficulties Limitations as well as political and technical difficulties inhibit wireless technologies Lack of an industry-wide standard Device limitations Small LCD on a mobile telephone can only display a few lines of text Browsers of most mobile wireless devices use wireless markup language (WML) instead of HTML

30. 30 Standards Organizations National Technical Standard-Setting Organizations: American National Standards Institute Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers, Inc National Institute of Standards and Technology International Standard-Setting Organizations: International Telecommunication Union International Standards Organization European Telecommunications Standards Institute

31. 31 Wireless Technology & Governance Federal Communications Commission National Telecommunications and Information Administration Cellular Telecommunications Industry Association