1. Jorma Karppinen DirectorEuroFound CEDEFOP conference April 2007 Skills, training and life-long learning in Europe

2. Quality of work concept of the EuroFound Quality of work concept of the EuroFound Career and employment security. Employment status. Income. Social protection. Workers’ rights Health and well- being. Health problems. Risk exposure. Work organisation Skills development. Qualifications. Training. Learning organisation. Career development Job and employment quality Reconciliation of working and non-working life. Working/non-working time. Social infrastructures

3. Main findings from 4 th European Working Conditions Survey For 70% of workers work offers new opportunities for learning 60% of workers report that they are dealing with complex tasks Access to training has not changed, particularly not for older workers, over the past ten years This indicates that the concept of life-long learning is not making much progress

4. Training by Employer Reduction from 2000 (30.6%) to 2005 (27.1%) 27% have received training paid by their employer, 6% have undergone training paid by themselves Twice as much training in the public sector (ca. 40%) compared with the private sector (ca.20%) (in 2005) High in the private sector: business services, 35-40% Northern European countries at the top: more than 50% of workers received training at work in Finland and Sweden

5. Training paid by the employer by education and type of employment contract (2005)

6. Training paid by employer in previous 12 months by country (2005)

7. Use of information technologies Computer use on the increase: 26% all or almost all of the time, 47% at least around ¼ of the time in EU25 Substantial difference between EU15 and NMS 58 % at least ¼ of the time in EU15 40% in NMS Middle-aged workers (30-49 years) use computers more than younger or older workers Women work more with computers, internet and email than men

8. Computer use at work (by country clusters)

9. Cognitive demands and skill match Overall, high level of cognitive demands, although decreasing trend since 1995 43% of tasks remain monotonous Men report more problem solving (83% of men and 77% of women) and complex tasks (64% of men and 53% of women) Good skills match for the majority of workers (52.5%) 13.3% feel they would need further training 34.2% feel that their skills are under-utilised and that they could cope with more demanding duties

10. Cognitive demands: decreasing trend

11. Skills match 13.3% 52.5% 34.2% 0%10%20%30%40%50%60% Need further training to cope well with duties Duties correspond well with present skills Have skills to cope with more demanding duties

12. Task rotation & multi-skilling (by country clusters)

13. Job development and training Different traditions in life-long learning across countries Cost is the most often cited reason for insufficient training provision Time pressure may become an obstacle to participation in training, self learning and using full potential and creativity Quality of training and use of acquired skills at work more important than quantity of training Teamwork positively perceived in terms of job development

14. Company practices Personnel development & skills management Annual development discussion employee/supervisor Competence development & career planning In-house training Training for low-skilled workforce Occupational mobility

15. What national correspondents for European Working Conditions Observatory (EWCO) say about training… Training increasingly important for better labour market performance (EU level) Returns for investment (ROI) in education still high (FIN) Functional flexibility good for skills development (NL) Temporary workers disadvantaged in access (EU level) Lack of training affecting career development (FR)

16. Why to improve training? ✔ More opportunities to ‘progress’ in the job ✔ Increase employability ✔ Higher motivation and job satisfaction ✔ Impact on the performance of the whole company, productivity and competitiveness

17. Thank you! Blagodaria Tak Dank u Bedankt Aitäh Kiitos Danke schön Ευχαριστώ Köszönöm Go raibh maith agat Grazie Paldies Dekoju Obrigado Hvala Gracias Tack Tesekkür ederim Merci Dziakuju Dêkuji Paldies Grazzi Dziękuję Multumesc Dakujem More info : www.eurofound.europa.eu