1. Betty Friedan’s “The Feminine Mystique”

2. The Feminine Mystique Written by Betty Friedan in 1963
Interviews with “average middle class housewives”
Findings:
Many were bored, dissatisfied
Impact
Showed dissatisfied women they weren’t alone
Start of modern feminist movement

3. The Feminist Movement Goals
Equal pay
Equal opportunity
Physical safety
“Women’s Liberation”

5. Women’s Liberation Gloria Steinem—”A woman
without a man, is like a fish
without a bicycle”
Angela Davis—Black
Panther & Feminist

6. National Organization for Women (NOW)
Political action group for women’s equality
Led by Betty Friedan
Goals:
Equal pay
1966 women earned 60% of men
Today about 75%
Equal Rights Amendment (ERA)
Like the 14th Amendment for women
Passed by Congress, but not ratified by states

7. Successes of the Women’s Movement
Equal Pay Act of 1963
Women’s equality part of the Civil Rights Act of 1964
Widespread acceptance of feminist ideals
Roe v. Wade
1973 Court case affirming abortion rights

8. Miss America Pageant, 1969

9. Native American Movement

10. American Indian Movement (AIM)
Formed in 1968
Inspired by other freedom movements
Goals:
Indian political and economic growth
By far the poorest, weakest Americans
Lowest life expectancy
Indian cultural rebirth
Reasserting traditional Indian Ways
Medicine, religion, dress, etc.

11. AIM activists take
over Wounded Knee,
SD in 1973

12. Indian Activists “discover” & take over Alcatraz Island, 1969-1971

13. 70’s Native American Literature

14. Cesar Chavez,

15. Cesar Chavez
Organized the United Farm Workers (UFW) with Dolores Huerta in 1962
A believer in Gandhian non-violence
A union for farm workers
Mostly Mexican & Filipino
Poorest of the poor
Unskilled
Little hope of any success
Actually got growers to sign union contracts
Dolores Huerta

16. Farm Worker Conditions
Brutal hours
Low pay
Terrible living conditions
Cancer causing pesticides

17. How Chavez Succeeded Strictly non-violent Cross-racial organizing
Nationwide grape & lettuce boycotts
Protest Fasts

19. The Chicano Movement The Brown Berets Goals A Chicano Black Panthers
Latino civil rights
Latino economic improvement
Bilingual education
Immigration reform
Enhancing Latin American culture

20. An Excerpt From Yo Soy Joaquin (I Am Joaquin) by Rodolfo "Corky" Gonzales, 1967
And now the trumpet sounds, The music of the people stirs the Revolution, Like a sleeping giant it slowly rears its head to the sound of Tramping feet Clamoring voices Mariachi strains Fiery tequila explosions The smell of chile verde and Soft brown eyes of expectation for a better life. And in all the fertile farm lands, the barren plains, the mountain villages, small smeared cities We start to MOVE. La Raza! Mexicano! Español! Latino! Hispano! Chicano! or whatever I call myself. I look the same. I feel the same I cry and Sing the same. I am the masses of my people and I refuse to be absorbed. I am Joaquin The odds are great but my spirit is strong My faith unbreakable My blood is pure I am Aztec Prince and Christian Christ I SHALL ENDURE! I WILL ENDURE!

21. Chicano Movement
Corky Gonzales

22. Gay Rights Movement
Gays and Bisexuals had to be secret about their lives & suffered discrimination
June 27, 1969—the “Stonewall Rebellion”
Police attacked a gay bar in NYC
Patrons fought back
Birth of the gay rights movement

23. The Stonewall Rebellion

24. The Environmental Movement
Realization that technology & population could destroy the planet
1st Earth Day in 1969