1. Animal Husbandry Giacomini Mattia Inglese 3˚A

2. What is it ? It is the branch of agriculture concerned with the breeding of farm animals:  Cattle  Pigs  Sheep  Horses  Poultry

3. History of Husbandry Domestication of wild animals started in the Prehistoric period, and they were:  Sheep (northern Iraq)  Goats (same region)

4. Modern Development  Selective breeding  Advances in animal nutrition  Vet medicine  Artificial insemination  Embryo transfer

5. Farm Specialists  Breeders  Milkers  Feeders  Health specialists  Vets

6. Cattle Raising Cattle have been domesticated since the Neolithic period

7. Breeds of Cattle A breed is a group of animals of common descent, possessing distinctive characteristics that distinguish them from other groups within the same species

8. The Cattle Family  Cow  Milking cow  Heifer  Milker  Calf  Ox  Steer  Bull

9. Cattle raising It is divided into two types Dairy cattle Beef Cattle

10. Breeds of Cattle Dairy cattle Holstein Black/White Pezzata rossa Brown Swiss

11. Breeds of Cattle Beef cattle ChianinaLimousine Simmenthal Charolais

12. Cows are Ruminants They have a digestive system that allows them to regurgitate and rechew food The cud is digested by specialized microorganisms that live in the rumen

13. Stomach  Rumen ( fermentation vat)  Reticulum (rumen’s “assistant”)  Omasum (dehydrator)  Abomasum (true stomach)

14. Cows’ Life  Gestation period is 9 months  Newborn calf weighs 35-40 kg  Dairy cows are slaughtered when they are 5 years old  Dairy cows provide 90% of world’s milk production  Farmers use machines to milk 100 cows for 1 hour