1. Bellwork What are the five characteristics of a mineral?

2. BELLWORK DISCUSS A SCIENTIFIC OBSERVATION YOU HAVE MADE RECENTLY.

3. Earth Science Chapter 3 Minerals 5 characteristics of minerals Flip book

4. Bellwork What is the difference between rocks and minerals?

5. Identifying minerals There are over3800 minerals! Each mineral has physical characteristics that can be used to identify it Some properties are easy to see just by looking Others are only observed through tests

6. Color Most minerals are not easily identified by color Some are, however Malachite=green Azurite=blue

7. Malachite

8. Azurite

9. Streak The color of a mineral’s powder Pyrite (fool’s gold) produces a green/black streak

10. Streak

11. Luster How light is reflected from a mineral’s surface

13. Density Density=Mass/Volume Mass is found using a balance Volume is found by determining the amount of water displaced

14. Mass

15. Volume

16. With a Partner Work with a partner and answer the Math questions on page 71.

17. Bellwork 9-30 Discuss a scientific observation you made this weekend

18. Hardness How hard a mineral is based on Mohs hardness scale

19. Mohs Hardness Scale

20. Crystal Systems Crystals of each mineral grow atom by atom to form that mineral’s crystal structure There are 6 crystal systems: – Cubic – Hexagonal – Tetragonal – Orthorhombic – Monoclinic – Triclinic

21. Crystal growth http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7vb84Shui Jw http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7vb84Shui Jw

22. Cleavage and Fracture Cleavage is the way a mineral splits easily along a flat surface Fracture describes how a mineral looks when it breaks apart in an irregular way – Shell – Hackly – Earthy – Uneven

23. Cleavage

24. Fracture

25. Special Properties Magnetism Fluorescence Bends light Reactivity

26. Rubric: Each student needs to create at least two crystals, any size, made of any material that is safe, and able to grow crystals Groups need to put their crystals together to form a “garden” – You can use a shoe box or some other container Students need to keep a chart of their crystal’s growth as well. A detailed log and/or graph will need to accompany the garden and presentation

27. Bellwork What are the physical properties of minerals?

28. Experiment Find a lab partner to work with (groups of up to 3) Or you may work individually

29. First Experiment Crystals: Cut a piece of black paper that will fit just right into your lid I will mix the water and salt and we will share the mixture Pour just enough into your lid to just cover the paper

30. Second experiment Fracture Wait for instructions

31. Third experiment Reactivity Pour a little vinegar into your glass Carefully place your shell in the glass and wait for the reaction

32. Tomorrow we need Baby jars Cotton string washers

33. On your own There are two ways that crystals can form Read about these in section 2 Write the process/definition and make a flow chart describing the process

34. Bellwork How do you think minerals are formed?

35. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wgUFb_l4 DLE http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wgUFb_l4 DLE http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HN1eRMs AluE http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HN1eRMs AluE

36. Magma and Lava What is a Geode? Describe crystallization. What is Magma? What is Lava? Why do crystals form when magma cools rapidly? How do minerals form from magma and lava? Draw a picture to illustrate this

37. Solutions What is a solution? How are minerals formed form solutions? Draw a picture to illustrate this. How do minerals form by evaporation? Draw a picture to illustrate this. How do minerals form from hot water solutions? Draw a picture to illustrate this.