1. Integrated Pest Management for Master Gardeners
Norm Leppla
University of Florida, IFAS

2. Leppla’s Career
University of Arizona- Insect Behavior & Rearing Research (2 yr)
USDA, ARS- Pest Management & Biological Control, FL & TX (17 yr)
USDA, APHIS- Methods Development, Washington DC & International (7 yr)
University of Florida- Administration & Integrated Pest Management (15 yr)

3. Introduction (Session 1)
Introduction (Topics, Session 1 & 2)
History of IPM (Agriculture, Urban)
What is IPM? (Definitions)
Reactions to pest outbreaks
IPM practices and applications
Break
IPM topics from Master Gardeners?

4. Introduction (Session 2)
Sources of IPM information
Purchasing and using natural enemies
Pesticide use and safety
IPM education, training and certification
Future of IPM in Florida and elsewhere
IPM topics from Master Gardeners?

5. History of IPM 1939- DDT introduced, resistance 1947
1940s- Pesticide use grows 1940s and 1950s
1950s- Thousands of pesticides registered
(~$40 billion worldwide by 2007)
The “Magic bullet“
mindset established

6. History of IPM
1959- Integrated Control Concept: Stern, Smith, van den Bosch, and Hagen
1969- Rachael Carson, Silent Spring
1969- National Environmental Policy Act (CEQ)
1970- EPA established (pesticide registration)
1972- FIFRA extensively amended
(first passed in 1947)
1972- EPA cancels most
uses of DDT
1975- CES Extension IPM, every
state ($0.5-$1.5 million)

7. What is IPM?
Integrated Pest Management, or IPM, is a long-standing, science-based decision-making process that identifies and reduces risks from pests and pest management strategies. It coordinates information on pest biology, the environment, and available technology to prevent unacceptable levels of pest damage by the most economical means, while posing the least risk to people, property, resources, and the environment. IPM provides an effective strategy for managing pests from developed agricultural, residential, and public areas to wild lands. IPM provides an effective, all encompassing, sustainable approach to protect natural resources, crops, animals and people from pests. IPM recommendations are frequently recognized as Best Management Practices (BMP’s) to manage weeds, disease and insects for production of food and fiber (USDA National Road Map for Integrated Pest Management).

8. What Causes Pest Outbreaks?
Alien invasive species
Disrupted environments
Pesticide resistance
Local invasions
Perceptions
Others causes?

9. Reaction to Pest Outbreak
Alien Invasive Pest
Resistant Crop
Competitors
Natural enemies
Resistant varieties
Vulnerable Crop
Pesticide program:
Application methods
Resistance management
New pesticides
Integrated pest management program:
Cultural practices
Scouting, Identification of pests and NE
Conservation of natural enemies
Augmentation of natural enemies
Reduced-risk insecticides
Resistance management

10. IPM in Structures and Landscapes

11. IPM System Pest outbreaks & disease epidemics
Environmental contamination
Human health hazards
Pest mgmt costs
Reduce
risk…
INCREASE…
Reliability
Sustainability
Chem
Biological Control
Cultural Methods

12. IPM Practices

13. Generic IPM Program Biological knowledge Monitoring and inspection
Act to control pests when necessary
Choose least-risk options
Long-term, preventative practices
Evaluation and records
Pesticide management
Continual improvement

14. Where is IPM practiced?

15. Break

16. Introduction (Session 2)
Sources of IPM information
Purchasing and using natural enemies
Pesticide use and safety
IPM education, training and certification
Future of IPM in Florida and elsewhere
IPM topics from Master Gardeners?

17. IPM Florida provides statewide, interdisciplinary and inter-unit coordination and assistance for UF/IFAS integrated pest management research Extension and education faculty

18. Direct Access to IPM Information
Habitat-specific integrated pest
management guides, fact sheets,
EDIS articles, Featured Creatures, etc.
 Links to specialized websites with pest
management information specific
to a crop or situation.
Key contacts for expert advice on
managing pests.
 Additional resources for pest
identification and management,
e.g., diagnostic services.

19. Extension Guides

20. Electronic Data Information Source (EDIS)
The EDIS website is a comprehensive, single-source repository of all current UF/IFAS numbered peer-reviewed publications (about 7,500).

21. Electronic Data Information Source (EDIS)
Agriculture
Community Development
Environment
Families & Consumers
4H Youth development
Lawn & Garden
Aquaculture
Crops
Livestock
Nursery & GH
Organic farming
Agricultural safety
Small farms
Turf & sod

22. Featured Creatures provides in-depth profiles of insects, nematodes, arachnids and other organisms. The site is a cooperative venture of the University of Florida's Department of Entomology and Nematology and the Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services' Division of Plant Industry. All articles are official publications of the University of Florida's Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                             or

26. Scotts Miracle-Gro Company Fined $12.5 Million in February 2012
pled guilty to “illegally applying insecticides to its wild bird food products that are toxic to birds, falsifying pesticide registration documents, distributing pesticides with misleading and unapproved labels and distributing unregistered pesticides”
The insecticides added to Scotts wild bird food products were Actellic 5E and Storcide II

27. Pesticide Information
UF/IFAS Pesticide Information Office
CDMS- ChemSearch
CDMS-
LabelsMsds/LMDefault.aspx
EPA-
opp00001/regulating/
registering/data_sources.htm
Extension Pesticide Applicator Training

28. Extension Diagnostic Services
What can the Gainesville campus diagnostic laboratories do for a master gardener volunteer client?
Anthony Camerino
Citrus County Extension
Master Gardener Volunteer Coordinator
IPM Florida Presentation Number 18

29. Extension Soil Testing
Plant Identification
Extension Soil Testing
Plant Disease Clinic & Nematode Assay
Insect Identification

30. How to Send a Sample to Gainesville and Receive the Results?
Master Gardener Volunteer Plant Clinic/Phone Room
Maybe if I put enough stuff in this box, put a stamp on it, and send it to Gainesville someone will tell me what’s wrong with my plant?
I can’t diagnosis your problem here, but I can get your sample to the right lab for an accurate and timely diagnosis.

31. FDACS, Division of Agricultural Environmental Services, Bureau of Pesticides- Online Pesticide Registration System
Florida Pesticide Product Data
15584 Products Registered
Select and Submit Search Option
Active Ingredient
EPA Registration Number
Site of Application
Product Name
Pest to be Controlled
Company Name

32. Pesticide Resistance Steve Toth Southern Region IPM Center
Tom Anderson
FMC Corporation
Fred Fishel
UF/IFAS

36. IRAC Insecticide Classification
Acetylcholine esterase inhibitor (Carbamates, Carbaryl; Organophosphates, Malathion)
GABA-gated chloride channel antagonists (Cyclodiene organochlorines, chlordane; Phenylpyrazoles, Fipronil)
Sodium channel modulators (Pyrethroids, Pyrethrins, Bifenthrin; DDT, Methoxychlor, DDT)
Nicotinic Acetylcholine receptor agonists (Neonicotinoids, Imidacloprid; Nicotine Nicotine; Sulfoxaflor, Sulfoxaflor
Nicotinic Acetylcholine receptor allosteric activators (Spinosyns, Spinosad)
Chloride channel activators (Avermectins, Abamectin; Milbemycins)
Juvenile hormone mimics (Juvenile hormone analogues, Methoprene, Fenoxycarb, Pyriproxyfen)
Miscellaneous nonspecific (multi-site) inhibitors (Alky halides, Methyl bromide, Chloropicrin, Sulfuryl fluoride)
Selective homopteran feeding blockers (Pymetrozine, Flonicamid)
Mite growth inhibitors (Clofentezine)
Microbial disruptor of insect midgut membranes (Bacillus thuringiensis and the insecticidal proteins they produce; Bacillus sphaericus)
Inhibitors of mitochondrial ATP synthase (Diafenthiuron; Organotin miticides, Azocyclotin)
Uncouplers of oxidative phosphorylation via disruption of proton gradient (Chlorfenapyr; Sulfuramid)
Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor channel blockers (Nereistoxin analogues, Bensultap)
Inhibitors of chitin biosynthesis, type 0 (Benzoylureas, Diflubenzuron)
Inhibitors of chitin biosynthesis, type 1 (Buprofezin)
Moulting disruptor, Dipteran (Cyromazine)
Ecdysone receptor agonists (Diacylhydrazines, Tebufenozide)
Octopaminergic receptor agonists (Amitraz)
Mitochondrial complex III electron transport inhibitors (Hydramethylnon)
Mitochondrial complex I electron transport inhibitors (METI acaricides and insecticides, Fenpyroximate, Rotenone)
Voltage-dependent sodium channel blockers (Indoxacarb)
Inhibitors of acetyl CoA carboxylase - Lipid synthesis, growth regulation (Tetronic and Tetramic acid derivatives, Spirotetramat)
Mitochondrial complex IV electron transport inhibitors (Zinc phosphide, Cyanide)
Mitochondrial complex II electron transport inhibitors (Beta-ketonitrile derivatives, Cyenopyrafen)
Vacant
Ryanodine receptor modulators (Diamides, Chlorantraniliprole)
(UN) Compounds of unknown or uncertain mode of action

37. Whitefly Insecticides
Examples
IRAC
Active Ingredient
Nerve /Muscle poisons
Contact
Carbamate
Vydate 1A
Restricted
Organophosphate
Monitor 1B
Cyclodiene
Thionex 1C
End 2014
Pyrethroid
Mustang 2
Systemic
Neonicotinoids
Admire
Provado 4A
Imidacloprid
Tolerance
issues
Actara
Platinum
Thiamethoxam
Venom
Scorpion
Dinotefuran
Assail
Acetamiprid
Diamides
Coragen, Verimark* 28
Rynaxypyr, Cyazypyr

39. USER SAFETY RECOMMENDATIONS
Environmental Hazards
Directions for Use
AGRICULTURAL USE REQUIREMENTS
NON-AGRICULTURAL USE REQUIREMENTS
LIMITED WARRANTY AND LIABILITY
RISKS OF USING THIS PRODUCT
RESISTANCE MANAGEMENT
RESTRICTIONS AND LIMITATIONS
Plant tolerance
Mixing instructions
Spray drift management
APPLICATION PROCEDURES
APPLICATION ON PLANTS FOR PESTS
STORAGE AND DISPOSAL

40. IPM Extension In-Service Training
Hands-On IPM Training Through UF Living Extension IPM Laboratory - Bob Hochmuth
The Role of Cover Crops in Integrated Pest Management –
Danielle Treadwell
Habitat Manipulations for Management of Arthropods - Russ Mizell
Beneficial Wildlife: Animals Helpful to Have On Your Farm - Holly Ober
Selective Tactics Used in IPM for Reducing Pest Populations in Fruit and Vegetable Production - Oscar Liburd
Traps and Soft Insecticides for Management of Arthropods - Russ Mizell
Is It a Good Bug or a Bad Bug? - Susan Webb
Fruit Orchard IPM - Russ Mizell
Agronomic Crop IPM - Elena Toro
Peanut Insect Management - David Adams, University of Georgia

42. Vegetable Crop IPM – Sunflowers as a Trap Crop

43. IPM Education and Training
Pest Prevention and Detection
Prevent pest outbreaks through habitat manipulation and other cultural practices
Gain experience with pest habitats, e.g., crops or buildings
Know the life cycles of the host plants, pests and beneficial organisms
Understand the ecology and adaptability of the organisms

44. IPM Education and Training
Pest Identification and Management
Utilize scouting and other monitoring techniques
Accurately identify key pest and beneficial organisms
Apply damage, economic and other action thresholds
Design systems of mitigation that minimize environmental impacts

45. IPM Education and Training
General Knowledge and Professionalism
Practice safe and appropriate use of pesticides and other IPM tactics
Know current laws and regulations pertinent to pest management
Be able to rapidly access pest management information
Be involved in pest management and related organizations

46. IPM Capabilities
Education & experience. An inter-disciplinary education in the traditional scientific disciplines plus hands-on, practical experience is essential.
Synthesis & integration. Education and training prepare pest managers to synthesize knowledge from across disciplines and integrate pest management within entire production systems.

47. IPM Capabilities
Problem solving & critical thinking. Experience is gained in accurately diagnosing and rapidly solving plant health problems while minimizing environmental impacts and economic losses.
Speaking & writing effectively. Superior communication skills, both written and verbal, are required to effectively communicate IPM principles and practices.

48. IPM Education, Training and Certification
University of Florida (
B.S., M.S. (thesis or not-thesis), Ph.D. degrees in Entomology or Nematology
Distance M.S. degree with a specialization in Entomology or Pest Management, or a Certificate in Urban Pest Management, Landscape Pest Management, or Pest Control Technology
Doctor of Plant Medicine (non-thesis, interdisciplinary)

49. IPM Education, Training and Certification
University of Nebraska- Doctor of Plant Health
University M.S. programs
IPM3 distance education program (U. Minnesota)
Entomological Society of America- BCE, ACE
American Society of Agronomy- Certified Crop Advisor (CCA), Certified Professional Agronomist (CP-Ag), Certified Professional Plant Pathologist
National Alliance of Independent Crop Consultants- Crop Certification
State CCA, e.g., California

50. Opportunities for Sustainable Food Crop Production
Research innovations
Technology implementation
Rapid information exchange
Education and training
Biosecurity and trade
Food safety- supply chain
Environmental stewardship

51. Future of IPM Due to its tremendous success and acceptance, IPM is in:
Sustainable and organic agriculture
Food security, safety and quality
Community and school IPM
Environmental, conservation
Federal and state regulatory activities
Public health, renewable energy, etc.

52. IPM Florida provides statewide, interdisciplinary and inter-unit coordination and assistance for UF/IFAS integrated pest management research Extension and education faculty