1. Integrating Technology in the ESL Classroom By: Lorraine Vazquez Fall’12/Spring ‘13 Dr. O’Conner-Petruso

2. Table of Contents O Research Design……………………………………..3 O Threats to Internal Validity……………………….4 O Threats to External Validity……………………….5 O Data Collection……………………………………..6-8 O Correlations………………………………………..9-10 O References…………………………………………...11

3. Research Design O My Action Research project design fits the characteristics of a one- shoot case study; it will be a single group that will be exposed to a treatment (x). This treatment will ultimately help the desired outcome through the completion of a designated project (o). The symbolic design would be: xo

4. Threats to Internal Validity O History O Instrumentation O Mortality O Statistical Regression O Differential Selection of Subject

5. Threats to External Validity O Ecological Validity O Generalizable Conditions O Specificity of Variables

6. Data Collection O The Following data was collected via surveys and pre-test/post test results. O Technological survey O Pre- test / Post- test

7. Data Collection cont. O Pre- Test Pre-test Scores Student test scores StudentVocabularyGrammar A67 B43 C24 D74 E56 F24

8. Data Collection cont. O Post- Test Post-test Scores Student test scores Students StudentVocabular y Grammar A88 B85 C66 D95 E86 F45

9. Correlations O Student Post test scores on Vocabulary O It shows a positive correlation of.5rxy. The more time the students spent using any technological tool the higher their post test score was.

10. Correlation cont. O Student Post test scores on Grammar O It shows a positive correlation of.7rxy. The more time the students spent using any technological tool the higher their post test score was.

11. References O O’Connor-Petruso, S. (2010). Descriptive Statistic Threats Validity (power point slides). Retrieved from: https://bbhosted.cuny.edu/webapps/portal/frameset.jsp?tab_tab_gr oup_id=_50_1&url=%2Fwebapps%2Fblackboard%2Fexecute%2Flaun cher%3Ftype%3DCourse%26id%3D_829166_1%26url%3D