1. Radiation Safety – Health Physics Neutron Scattering Summer School 2006 David Brown, NCNR Health Physics

2. Training Outline - Radiation, Ionization, & Radioactivity - Radiation Dose - Radiation Safety - Questions ??

4. Electromagnetic Radiation: Gammas and X-Rays

6. Background Radiation US Average ~ 360 mrem/yr Denver, CO ~ 700 mrem/yr Brazil (beaches) ~ 5,000 mrem/yr

8. Reactor (generates neutrons) Neutron Neutron Experiment Stations Beam Tubes Man Made Ionizing Radiation The NCNR Layout

9. Radiation Exposure

10. Types of Exposure

11. Radiation Dosimetry General Public Dose Limit = 100 mrem/yr Average Dose to US Public = 360 mrem/yr Occupational Dose Limit = 5,000 mrem/yr Average Dose to NIST Researcher ~ 50 mrem/yr

12. Health Physics Labels/Signs >5 mrem/hr (whole body dose rate) >100 mrem/hr (whole body dose rate) ~100,000 mrem/hr (localized dose rate)

13. Radiation Detection / Measurement

14. Time, Distance, and Shielding

15. Distance – Inverse Square Law

16. Shielding

17. Campfire Analogy

18. Contamination Control Always monitor yourself and items you have with you when leaving a controlled area.

19. Ionizing Radiation - Overview Can not see it, feel it, or smell it - we must rely on training and equipment to protect ourselves Relatively simple to detect and measure - unlike chemical and biological hazards - we can quickly assess and take action Biological effects have been intensely studied for 50 years

20. Questions….?