1. UAV UF 118 Night Falcon ONE OF THE ULTIMATE DEFENSE SYSTEMS FROM SURVAILLANCE TO TAKING OUT ANYTHING THAT MOVES

2. DESIGNED AND CREATED BY RANDY PARRILLA ROBERT BROWN EMANUEL TOWNS II

3. THE PURPOSE AND GOAL Design a plane that can be used for both scientific purposes and for the military The plane must be –Flexible –Adaptable –Capable of performing reconnaissance work –Geo-Mapping ready –Able to collect samples of various pollutants –Ready to conduct “Search and Destroy” missions –Prepared to research in general

4. UAV CONCEPTUAL DESIGNS The Three Original Designs

5. CONCEPTUAL DESIGN #1

6. THE FIRST CONCEPTUAL DESIGN Able to reach high speeds Very Maneuverable Flight ceiling - 20000 ft Ability to carry a medium sized payload Nose Cone is detachable so that Equipment can be added for different missions Single Fuselage Monoplane

7. THE FIRST CONCEPTUAL DESIGN Uses one propeller Uses an: –FX 60-100 Airfoil or –Eppler 423 Airfoil Monoplane with a 5 foot wingspan Uses either a gas engine or electric motor –Electric -> if we choose this, we will use either batteries or fuel cells

8. THE SECOND CONCEPTUAL DESIGN Front

9. THE SECOND CONCEPTUAL DESIGN Able to reach relatively high speeds Slightly maneuverable Flight ceiling between 25000 ft and 30000 ft Carries heavy loads Consists of multiple booms that can carry various forms of equipment Multi-Fuselage Monoplane

10. THE SECOND CONCEPTUAL DESIGN Uses two propellers Uses an: –FX 60-100 Airfoil or –Eppler 423 Airfoil Monoplane with an eight-foot wingspan Uses either a gas engine or electric motor –Electric -> if we choose this, we will use either batteries or fuel cells

11. THE THIRD CONCEPTUAL DESIGN

12. Can only travel at low speeds High maneuverability Flight ceiling between 10000 ft and 15000 ft Carries heavy loads Single-Fuselage Biplane

13. THE THIRD CONCEPTUAL DESIGN Uses one propeller Uses an: –Eppler 423 Airfoil Biplane –Top wing has a span of 5 feet –Bottom wing has a span of 4.5 feet Uses either a gas engine or electric motor –Electric -> if we choose this, we will use either batteries or fuel cells

14. Electric Engine S28-400 4.5 Horsepower or More (depending on voltage) 6.9 Lbs 4900 max RPM 24 Volts 83% Optimum Efficiency

15. DESIGNING THE AIRFOILS

16. Eppler 423 This wing design allows for a great amount of lift Because of the foil’s ability to gain a great amount of lift the foils have a greater ratio of weight for every cubic inch of the wing However, this airfoil creates a great deal of drag, therefore it is used for slow moving aircrafts Uses a sharply curve top edge but a very shallow edge on the bottom to gain this effect needed for its great amount of lift However this means that the plane cannot achieve the same maneuverability as faster moving fighters or planes that surpass supersonic speeds

17. Clark Y This wing design is similar to that of the Eppler The Clark Y provides a high lift coefficient, but not as high as the Eppler 423 It has a shallower top curve than the Eppler’s airfoil design, and the bottom curve is at a lower angle of attack to provide less drag.

18. Wortmann FX 60-100 The airfoil design is specifically used for certain fighter planes (F14, F16, F17, etc.) It provides a relatively high amount of lift, as well as being aerodynamic enough to reach high speeds. The camber is slightly greater than the Clark Y, but 3 times smaller than that of the Eppler 423.

19. CHOOSING A FUEL SOURCE

20. Gasoline Gas powered engines have the capability of having high power and torque. Gas powered engines are relatively small and efficient. However, gas powered engines are not as efficient as electrical or fuel cell engines and therefore require a higher amount of fuel to last longer. Too much fuel would weigh down the plane making the engine work harder to provide thrust. GAS IS EXPENSIVE!

21. Battery/Electricity Batteries allow for the ability to change the horsepower which can make the engine efficient The engine that we want to use optimally uses neodyne magnets making the resistance decrease and the electric engine more effective The neodyne magnets allow for a great deal of horsepower to be produced even at a low voltage Neodyne Magnets

22. Fuel Cell Fuel Cells use hydrogen which has a much smaller density than gasoline Density of H 2 = 0.07 grams per cc Density of Gas = 0.75 grams per cc The energy output of 9.5 kg of H 2 is the same as the energy output of 25kg of gasoline. The difficulty lies in the storage. Liquid H 2 is achieved at -259.2 C @ 1 atm

23. FINALIZING THE DESIGN

24. Multi-Fuselage Single MonoplaneSingle Biplane Cost453 Drag342 Lift425 Size453 Weight432 Total19 15 Ranking the Conceptual Designs

25. Ranking The Wing Design Eppler 423Clark YFX 60-100 Cost534 Lift Coeff.523 Drag342 Total1399

26. Ranking The Engine Designs Fuel CellGasolineBattery Powered Cost354 Power543 Efficiency534 Weight544 Ratings444 Total222019

27. HOW THE DESIGN WAS CREATED This design was adapted from Dick Rutan’s Voyager, which made the first nonstop round- the-world flight This design, however, is meant to be used for military or scientific use

28. Works Cited / Links http://www.robotcombat.com/marketplace_magmotors.html http://www.nasg.com/afdb/show-airfoil-e.phtml?id=291 http://www.euweb.de/fuel-cell-bus/storage.htm http://www.e-sources.com/fuelcell/fcexpln.html http://www.robotcombat.com/marketplace_magmotors.html http://www.hyweb.de/Knowledge/w-i-energiew-eng2.html http://www.ae.su.oz.au/aero/propeller/prop1.html http://www.euweb.de/fuel-cell-bus/storage.htm http://www.eere.energy.gov/hydrogenandfuelcells/storage/h ydrogen_storage.html