1. Development Tools for ARM-Powered Devices
RealView Microcontroller Development Kit ULINK2 USB/JTAG Adapter Evaluation Boards
Name of presenter

2. Session Agenda Introduction and Overview
RealView Microcontroller Development Kit
µVision Integrated Development Environment
Advantages of Complete Device Simulation
RealView Compilation Tools
Hardware Components
Evaluation Boards
ULINK2 USB-JTAG Adapter
Real-Time Agent
RTX Real-Time Kernel
RTOS Concepts
RTX Features
RTX Configuration

3. Keil an ARM Company Leading supplier of MCU development tools
ANSI C/C++ compilers, Debuggers
Device simulation
Middleware components
Extensive Device Database®
>1,200 8/16/32 bit MCU’s
Established support
Web support portal.
User group structure
Global distribution network
Huge installed base
100K+ users world wide

4. Keil and RealView RealView Compiler Keil µVision
Tools supporting ARM MCU devices use the ARM RealView Compiler, µVision is common to all Keil based tools.
RealView Compiler
Replaces Keil CARM compiler for ARM processor-based MCU’s
C51 and C166 will continue to be developed
Industry leading compiler – performance and code size
ARM tools branded as ‘RealView’
Keil µVision
Common to all Keil based tools
Cx51, C166 and ARM
More than 100,000 users
Powerful, easy to use, standard device focused

5. Tools for ARM-Powered Devices
Third Party Utilities
RealView Microcontroller Development Kit
Examples and Templates
µVision
Device Database & IDE
RTX RTOS Kernel
RealView C/C++ Compiler
Debugger & Analysis Tools
Complete Device Simulation
RealView
RTX Source Code
TCP/IP Suite
Flash File System
USB Device Interface
CAN Interface
Examples and Templates
Real-Time Library
Target Debug
ULINK2 USB-JTAG Adapter
with Real-Time Agent
Evaluation Boards
ARM7, ARM9 and Cortex-M3 based MCU devices

6. Microcontroller Development Kit
Complete software development environment for ARM processor-based microcontrollers. Easy to learn and easy to use!
Industry leading technology
ARM RealView Compiler
Keil µVision IDE / Debugger
Complete device support
ARM7, ARM9, Cortex-M3 MCU’s
Includes Start-up code & Flash algorithms
Complete device simulation
RTX Real-Time Kernel
Efficient RTOS Kernel for small systems
RealView Microcontroller Development Kit
Examples and Templates
µVision Device Database
RTX RTOS Kernel
RealView C/C++ Compiler
µVision Debugger & Analysis Tools
Complete Device Simulation

7. RealView Real-Time Library
Extensive library of common ready-to-use middleware components,
speed software development.
RealView
RTX Source Code
TCP/IP Suite
Flash File System
USB Device Interface
CAN Interface
Examples and Templates
Real-Time Library
Meets Embedded Developers needs
Solves common embedded challenges
Real-Time Systems
Embedded communication & networking
Designed for use with MCU Devices
Extensive Range of Examples
Easy to begin working.
Can be used as building blocks.
Royalty Free
Includes RTX source code.
License – single user, multi project

8. Range of evaluation boards and debug hardware.
Hardware Components
Range of evaluation boards and debug hardware.
ULINK2 USB – JTAG Adapter
Debug and Flash programming
JTAG and SWD support
Evaluation Boards
ARM7, ARM9 & Cortex-M3
NXP, ST & Luminary

9. Challenges for Embedded Developers
How do all of these features really help me to develop my application quickly and accurately?

10. Embedded Design Questions
ARM-based devices and MCU’s make complex applications possible, good tool support enables applications to be developed efficiently.
Device selection
ARM7, ARM9 or Cortex-M3?
Peripheral mix and memory?
Application development
Easy device configuration?
Ensuring the application fits into hardware resources (speed, memory)?
Compilation tools, Middleware and libraries?
Verification and debug
Most efficient way to verify software?
Running hardware system debug?

11. Today’s Microcontroller Selection
Wide range of MCU Cores
8/16/32 Bit
On-chip Memory
Interrupt System
512KB On-chip Flash
JTAG Debug and Embedded Trace Macrocell
16-bit standard Timers including PWM
32KB SRAM, 2KB Battery back-up RAM
72MHz ARM7TDMI-S
Peripherals
I/O Pins, Timers, PWM
A/D and D/A Converters
UART, SPI, I2C
Complex communication peripherals (CAN, USB, Ethernet)
Power management, RTC, reset and watchdog, internal oscillator and PLL
10/100 Ethernet MAC with DMA & 16KB Static RAM
2 CAN Channels
USB 2.0 Interface with 8KB Static RAM
2 Programmable DMA Channels
10-bit A/D converter (eight channels)
SD/MMC Memory Card I/F
10-bit D/A converter
Four style UART’s
Three I2C Interfaces
Two channels for SPI or SSP
Customers expect support
for specific Microcontrollers.
104 GPIO Pins
Block Diagram of LPC2378

12. RealView MDK supports MCU’s
Instantly begin developing software,
without the need for hardware or in-depth knowledge of target MCU.
Out of the box support
>180 ARM MCU’s
Start-up code and configuration wizards
Flash Algorithms and debug information
Examples and Templates
Complete device simulation
Not only a processor simulator!
Includes On-Chip peripheral’s
A/D, D/A, EBI, Timers
UART, CAN, I2C, Interrupts ..
External signals and I/O

13. Application Development
µVision, device configuration and Compilation tools

14. µVision IDE
Leading microcontroller Integrated Development Environment.
µVision is the industry leading Integrated Development Environment (IDE) for microcontroller and standard devices.
Common to ARM, C166 and 8051 platforms
Includes target device configuration and Device Database
High speed simulation
Instruction Set
On-chip peripherals
Source code editor
Project debugging
Flash programming

15. Device Database On-line uVision
Enables quick selection of suitable device.
Available on-line and integrated in µVision.
On-line
Includes Parametric Search
uVision
Includes main parameters for device
Enables easy project creation
Fast device configuration

16. Configuration wizards enable effortless device set-up.
Device Configuration
Configuration wizards enable effortless device set-up.
Available for all devices
Included in Device Database
User configurable (text or wizard)
Configuration Wizard
Main parameters for device
Drop-down selection or user entry
Enables stable device start-up

17. RealView Compilation Tools
Highest performance compiler for ARM-Powered devices

18. RealView Compilation Tools
Best in class compilation tools, enabling applications to run faster while reducing system cost.
The RealView Compilation tools contain:
Highly-optimizing ISO C/C++ compiler
Supports ARM, Thumb and Thumb2 Instruction sets including FPU
Full C and C++ run-time library support
The RealView Compiler Advantage
Smaller, Faster Code
RealView Compiler 3.1
Micro Library for small Embedded Systems
Source Browser Integration for µVision

19. MicroLib – Optimized C Libraries
MicroLib significantly reduces library size in embedded applications
Superset of standard RealView C Library
Developed for embedded and memory constrained applications
Optimized for embedded applications
Minimal overhead for un-used OS functionality
Un-used functions removed from memory footprint
Faster system bring-up
Most functions initialized at point of use
Up to 92% Reduction in Library Code size
‘empty main’
Even more for ‘Hello World’ using Print f

20. MicroLib – Optimised for Embedded
RealView MDK libraries reduce system code size by 50% to 90%
Library Totals
RO Totals
51%
61%
Processor
Object
Standard
MicroLib
% saving
ARM7TDMI
ARM
Library Total
21,352
8,980
61%
RO Total
25,608
12,816
51%
Thumb
17,156
6,244
57%
20,129
9,348
50%
Cortex-M3
Thumb-2
15,018
5,796
63%
18,616
8,976
54%
Based on Dhrystone 2.1 Benchmark

21. Source Browser F12 Source Browser View
Displays variable and function definitions and where they are used throughout your application.
F12
Displays variable definition
Source Browser View
Displays all locations of variables or functions

22. Verification and Debug
Complete Device Simulation and Analysis Tools

23. Complete Device Simulation
The µVision Advantage

24. µVision Device Simulation
All components of the Target Device are Simulated.
Code can be run on entire device.
Complete simulation of target.
Fast Instruction Set Simulation (ISS)
On-chip peripheral’s
ADC, DAC, EBI, Timers
UART, CAN, I2C, Interrupts ….
Includes external signals and I/O
Dialog Boxes
Complete access to peripherals
Read and write
Device Simulation
D/A
A/D
SRAM
Flash / EEPROM
UART
SPI
Ethernet
Interrupts
GPIO
CAN
USB
Timers
CPU
Extending Simulation
AGSI Interface
Board or System Interfaces
Device Simulation
External Peripherals

25. The µVision Advantage Advantages of Complete Device Simulation
Complete Device Simulation allows software testing with no hardware,
providing quick test cycles and improving product quality.
Advantages of Complete Device Simulation
Test before hardware available
Hardware cannot be damaged
No extra components required
Real advantages v hardware
Embedded Trace has limitations
Many things are only possible in simulation
Lower cost
Easy with RealView MDK
All included in Device Database
Removes configuration hassles

26. ETM Trace is not available in all systems.
ETM Style Trace
ETM Trace is not available in all systems.
ETM is relatively new to MCU world
Increasing with ARM9 MCU families
Very rare in ARM7 MCU devices
ETM not always available
Requires additional pins
ETM pins shared with other I/O
E.g. ADC or GPIO
Additional Hardware
Costly
Complete Device Simulation offers all the advantages of ETM without the disadvantages

27. CPU and Peripheral Control
Simulation offers true system synchronization with all components
that allows total system halt, detailed analysis, and full run control.
Halt Stops Peripherals
Whole system stops
Breakpoint and Single-Stepping
External signals all stop
Complete System Analysis
Test can be reproduced
Executes from a ‘known’ state
Full Power-Down Control
Debug in all MCU states
System is always accessible
Timing analysis of power-down activity
No Adaptation Hassle
Hardware can be destroyed
Small systems are physically hard to connect

28. Analysis Tools
The µVision Advantage

29. µVision Code Coverage Execution Statistics
Simulation gives extra features not available with JTAG Debuggers.
For example: Code Coverage at Source and Assembly Level.
Execution Statistics
Always Active for Complete Project
Instruction Status
Color Coded
Multi-Session Coverage
With Save / Restore

30. µVision Execution Profiling
Simulation provides exact CPU Timing and allows detailed program execution analysis with different parameters.
Detailed Timing Statistics
Active for Complete Project
Execution Time
Number of Executions
Flexible Views
Source
Disassembler
Compete Overview

31. µVision Logic Analyzer
Allows analog and digital signals to be monitored graphically.
Easy, fast analysis of signal timing with code trace.
Timing Analysis
Analog & Digital I/O Pins and Signals
Internal Variables
Exact Timing
Using Cursor Line
Tool-Tip Delta Information
Direct Code Analysis
From Analyzer Window

32. Use Cases for Simulation
Generic: Detect Illegal Memory Access
ULINK2: Analysis of JTAG I/O Pins

33. Detect Illegal Memory Accesses
Requirement: Detect illegal accesses that fail in Hardware
MAP command allows to define access rights: read, write, execute
On illegal memory access you may display messages or stop simulation
“Better verification with no extra effort ”

34. Use Case: Detect I/O Glitches
Requirement: Analyze timing and glitches of I/O Pins
Using the Logic Analyzer the JTAG signal pin timing is verified
Glitches of I/O pins can be analyzed
Synchronisation with the Source Code simplifies corrections

35. Including Real-Time Agent
Target Hardware Debug
Including Real-Time Agent

36. ULINK2 – USB / JTAG Adapter
Easy to use USB run control adapter, supporting JTAG debug
and Flash programming.
New Features
Cortex-M3 Serial Wire Debug and Trace
Plug and Play USB Installation
On-the-fly debugging with Real-Time Agent
Program Debugging
Single Stepping & Real-Time Execution
Flash and Software Breakpoints
Memory Access Breakpoints
Flash Programming
Download, Verify, and Execute

37. Embedded Debug Challenges
Traditional debugging with run-control halts program execution. The real world does not stop which makes run-stop debugging difficult.
Program Halt is not practical in many applications
Mechanical System: depends on movements that cannot be halted
Motor Control: may even destroy the hardware due to overloading
Communication: time-outs occur when hand-shake is missing
Developers need solutions that:
Provide verification and timings for algorithm development
Work on standard hardware with minimal overhead
Are easy-to-implement and easy-to-use
RealView MDK includes:
ULINK2 Real-Time Agent: allowing ‘on-the fly’ debugging

38. Enables target debugging on-the-fly that requires no system halts
Real-Time Agent
Enables target debugging on-the-fly that requires no system halts
Small C Module
Adds little overhead to user application ~1,500Bytes R/O
Communicates using standard JTAG channel via ULINK2
On-the-fly Debugging
Read and Write memory and variable access during program execution
Set breakpoints while program is running
Serial I/O (printf) via debug channel
Application +
Real-Time Agent
JTAG
CPU
Peripherals

39. Evaluation Boards
ARM7, ARM9 and Cortex-M3

40. Wide Range Evaluation Boards
Proven hardware for quick project development and debug.
Designed for easy set-up
Extensive Program Examples.
Wide range of peripherals
Popular ARM based MCU’s
STR750
STR91x
LPC23x

41. RTX Real-Time Kernel

42. Why use a Real-Time Kernel?
Building Block
Software / Hardware interface layer
Easy expansion of system software
Hardware independent
House Keeping
Process scheduling
CPU resource management
Task communication
Focus on Application Development
Leave basic system management

43. Software Concepts for ARM
The ARM core requires a different mindset for embedded applications. ARM7 & ARM9 have just two interrupt levels Standard (IRQ) and Fast (FIQ) but provide CPU modes with separate interrupt stacks for predictable stack requirements.
‘main’ as End-less Loop
Solution for simple applications
Usage together with powerful multi-level interrupt system
Stack usage un-predictable
Using a Real-Time Kernel
Allows application to be separated into independent tasks
Message passing eliminates critical memory buffers
Each task has an own stack area
Interrupt communication with event flags and messages

44. What makes a Good RTOS Performance Ease of Use System Friendly
Predictable behaviour
Low latency
High number of interrupt levels
Ease of Use
Flexible API and implementation
Tool-chain integration.
Scheduling options
Multitasking, Preemptive, Round Robin.
System Friendly
Consumes small amount of system resource
Proven Kernel
Low cost

45. Real-Time? Real-Time does not equal High Speed
Not all tasks are ‘Super High Speed’
Systems perform to deadlines
Tasks need to complete before deadline and other tasks
Real-Time OS not to be confused with high speed requirements
Real-Time, not mission critical
Varying levels of Real-Time
Hard, Firm, Soft and Non
RTOS not confined to critical systems
Real-Time OS = Building Block
RTOS provides easy Multitasking Environment
House keeping tasks

46. RTX Features Main Features
Full-featured Real-Time kernel meets the requirements of
a ‘good’ real-time kernel
Main Features
Multi-Tasking – Round Robin, Pre-emptive, Cooperative
Unlimited – User Timers, Semaphores and Mailboxes
Royalty free
Task Specifications
Priority Levels
256
No. of Tasks Defined
Unlimited
No. of Tasks Active
Context Switch
< 300 Cycles
Interrupt Latency
< 100 Cycles
Memory Requirements
Bytes
CODE Space (depending on used functionality)
1.5K – 5K
RAM Space
(each active task requires an own stack space)
< 500

47. RTX Real-Time Kernel
Full-featured Real-Time kernel designed to meet the challenges of Embedded System Design
Process Management
Create and delete tasks
Change task priorities
Event flag management
Interrupt functions
CPU resources
Multi-Tasking
Preemptive context switching
Scheduling
Semaphore management
Real-Time Control
Deterministic behaviour
Inter-task Communication
Mailbox management
Interface to interrupt functions
Memory Allocation
Thread-safe (usage even in ISR)

48. Tool Chain Integration
RTX is fully integrated into RealView MDK for easy
development and debugging
Compilation
Tasks are integrated into the RealView C Compiler language.
Close integration in RealView MDK (µVision)
µVision IDE automatically includes RTX Libraries
void task1 (void) _task {
… code of task 1 placed here…. }

49. RTX Setup
All major parameters of RTX can be easily changed using the µVision configuration wizard.

50. Kernel Aware Debugging
RTX and µVision are tightly integrated, kernel aware debugging is fully supported.
Tasks and Event analysis
Resource Loading
Allowing resource optimisation 50

51. Examples and Templates
RTX Examples
Examples and Templates

52. RTX Examples Traffic Light
LED’s are timed or controlled by push button
Utilizes interrupt control, event management and multitasking capabilities of RTX Kernel
Demonstrates RTX concepts

53. RTX Examples CAN Example using RTX Mailbox and event handling
CAN Send (Tx) – shows automatic data handling capabilities
CAN Rec – message checking with instant message receipt
– task wait and return
– almost impossible without Real-Time Kernel
Analog Input Voltage
CAN Tx
Incremental Script
CAN Rec
LED’s

54. Get More Information Application Notes Program Examples
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Program Examples
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Support Knowledge
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