1. Do you remember chapter 2?! Two elements of self concept? ▫Difference between the two? What is attribution theory? Difference between sex and gender? Relationship between perception, self, and communication?

2. Communication, Culture, and Identity Chapter 3 Lecture/Recap

3. What is Culture? Shared, personal, and learned life experiences Values, norms, traditions Values = standards Norms = patterns of communication Traditions = customs Impacts worldview and interpersonal communication

4. Cultural Identity ‘…cultural background helps shape identity’ (p. 54) Everyone is a cultural being Made up of ethnicity, gender, age, life stage, beliefs, values, assumptions; intersection of these elements Learned from family, friends, and communities (e.g. guideposts) Vary in strength Vary in content Can you have multiple cultural identities?

5. Intercultural Communication Importance? Occurs when individuals from different countries communicate? ▫The only case?

6. Dimensions of Culture Cultural variability theory ▫Uncertainty avoidance ▫Distribution of Power (high vs. low power distance) ▫Masculine vs. Feminine ▫Individualism vs. Collectivism Context orientation theory ▫High context vs. low context

7. Culture is…. Learned ▫Enculturation ▫Acculturation Capable of creating communities ▫Co-cultures ▫Cultural clash  Good or Bad? Multi-leveled ▫Mini-cultures

8. In-Class Activity: Researching a Co-Culture Research the Millennial Generation ▫(Hint: Many of you are part of this generation) Based on what you found, what are some possible aspects of this group’s culture?

9. Diversity – Roles and Challenges

10. Diversity in U.S. “diversity can be challenging” (p. 57) Diversity increasing How do events/situations impact diversity, culture, and interpersonal communication? ▫The Women’s Rights Movement ▫Legalization (or banning) of Gay Marriage ▫September 11, 2001 ▫Election of President Barack Obama

11. Six Reasons for Studying Interpersonal Communication Technological imperative Demographic imperative ▫Melting pot vs. salad bowl Economic imperative ▫Global village, outsourcing, globalization Peace imperative Self-awareness imperative Ethical imperative

12. Challenges and Solutions

13. Challenges Ethnocentrism Stereotyping Anxiety and Uncertainty ▫In-groups vs. out-groups Misinterpretation of Nonverbal and Verbal Behaviors Assuming similarities and/or differences http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0Rl9Cxc7uZ Ahttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0Rl9Cxc7uZ A

14. Example: Media Clip (The Office - Diversity Day) Look for examples of ethnocentrism, stereotyping, anxiety/uncertainty, misinterpretations, assumptions List ways for improvements (reflect on those discussed in the chapter)

15. Improving Intercultural Understanding Acknowledging and eliminating biases, stereotypes, and prejudices ▫Takes effort; some unknown ▫Examples:  “no homo”  “acting black/white”  “Muslim=terrorist”

16. Improving Intercultural Understanding Be tolerant of the unknown Educate yourself Cultural respect ▫Avoid cultural imperialism; practice cultural empathy Be prepared Recognize the individual; not just their cultures

17. Comm Journal (Due Wednesday, 11/23;Thursday, 11/24) Converse with someone from a different generation about one of the following topics: ▫Social networking ▫Reality television ▫Politics ▫September 11 th Terrorist Attack ▫Hip-Hop Music ▫Feminism How did the conversation go? Do you think culture played a role? Why or why not? Note other cultural differences that may have played a role Must go beyond a simple answer/question dialogue