1. Welcome to PHE501: PRINCIPLES / FOUNDATION OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION Tri 2 2014 Unit Lecturer: Varanisese Gaunidali

2. Week1:Lecture 1: Introduction to the definition, aims and objectives of Physical Education Preliminary Questions: 1.What is Physical Education? 2.What is a Curriculum? 3.Why PE is part of the curriculum? 4.What is physical activity? 5.Is PE the same as Sports? 6.What is the relationship between PE and Sports?

3. What is Physical Education? It is necessary to know the definition of PE in order to understand its role. The objective of most schools is to provide students with skills, capabilities, values and knowledge together with the interest in maintaining a healthy lifestyle.

4. What is Physical Education? On the other hand, some schools require PE to promote weight loss. Activities involved in PE are designed to develop motor skills and promote physical fitness as well as to understand concepts, rules and strategies. Tutorial Activity: Find out the attitude of parents/students towards PE and discuss your findings.(Develop a questionnaire)

5. Common Definition in Fiji The common definition used in Fiji school settings is the involvement of pupils in PA and play. It focuses around activities associated with sports and play. A common practice in the high schools is to give the balls to the students and let them play. fijilive.com

6. Physical Education in Fiji High Schools(Traditional Approach) Formal Role: Core requirement for qualification used in the approval of schools to be allowed for External Examination (EE). Part of the secondary curriculum from form 3- 6 (not Examinable) as well as Internal Assessments (compulsory) Informal role/ not prescribed Used by teachers to fulfill their load. A form of fun activity for the students

7. Physical Education in Fiji High Schools “In a Fijian dominated school the boys will be playing touch rugby and the girls’ volleyball while in Indian dominated schools the boys will be playing soccer and the girls sitting and yarning. A general perception in schools is the idea of using PE and PE teachers to prepare school teams for competitions. Valuable teaching time and teachers knowledge that should be focused on PE is diverted towards un-prescribed activities. Little has been done to get away from this unorganized unstructured lesson of PE and try to introduce a new method based on an effective curriculum frame. PE should not only aim at physical development but also concerned with education of the whole person through physical activities.” (Cagivinaka,2010)

8. Physical Education, Physical Activity and Sports (What is the relationship between these three areas?)

9. Defining Physical Education Barrow (1988) defining Physical Education as an education of and through human movement where many of educational objectives are achieved by means of big muscle activities involving sports, games, gymnastic, dance and exercise. Jackson R. Sharman (1999) - physical education is that part of education which takes place through activities, which involves the motor mechanism of human body which results in an individual’s formulating behavior patterns. Central Advisory Board of Physical Education and Recreation (CABPER-USA) - an education through physical activities for the development of total personality of the child to its fullness and perfection in body, mind and spirit.

10. Week 1,Lecture 2 PE and the Curriculum The international view of Physical Education Bodies and Organization of modern schools' goal is to provide students with knowledge, and the enthusiasm to maintain a healthy lifestyle into adulthood.

11. PE and the Curriculum Activities included in the program are designed to promote physical fitness, to instill knowledge and understanding of rules, concepts, and strategies.

12. PE and the Curriculum According to the CDU (T. Cuva – Education Officer, 2010) the teaching of PE and Sports education in Fiji does not meet the expected standard. When it comes to reporting and assessment for EE approval the teachers have a usual practice of compiling all the necessary documents and students books in a very short time just to please the visiting CDU officers.

13. reference Shimon M. Jane, (2011) Introduction to Teaching Physical Education: Principles and Strategies (Chp.1,pp.4- 10) http://www.ebscohost.com/academic/sportdiscus http// www. Livescience. com/health/ 081229-sports-youth- exercise.html Culpan, I. (2000). Putting Education back into Physical Education. Presentation at Physical Education New Zealand's International Physical Education Conference. July 2000. Wellington, NZ. www.activelivingresearch.org. www.activelivingresearch.org http://www.tki.org.nz/r/nzcurriculum/whats.happening/health physical e.php. p2-26. http://www.tki.org.nz/r/nzcurriculum/whats.happening/health physical e.php. p2-26 http://www.neurosurgery.medsch.ucla.edu/whastnew/societyforne uroscience.htm http://www.neurosurgery.medsch.ucla.edu/whastnew/societyforne uroscience.htm www.pediatrics.org