1. Citing Multiple Sources within Your Paper
For this essay you will be:
Citing Multiple Sources within Your Paper

2. General Rules
The author's last name and the page number(s) from which the quotation or paraphrase is taken must appear in the text
A complete reference should then appear on your Works Cited page.

3. Two Choices
The author's name may appear either in the sentence itself or in parentheses following the quotation or paraphrase,
The page number(s) should always appear in the parentheses, not in the text of your sentence.
Example:
Wordsworth stated that Romantic poetry was marked by a "spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings" (263).  Romantic poetry is characterized by the "spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings" (Wordsworth 263).
Wordsworth extensively explored the role of emotion in the creative process (263).

4. Why they all work:
Both citations in the examples on the previous slide, (263) and (Wordsworth 263), tell readers that the information in the sentence can be located on page 263 of a work by an author named Wordsworth. If readers want more information about this source, they can turn to the Works Cited page, where, under the name of Wordsworth, they would find the following information:
Wordsworth, William. Lyrical Ballads. London: Oxford UP, Print.

5. Important rules of in-text citations:
The quote must be in quotation marks
The paraphrase must be in your own words
The author’s last name and page number(s) must be in parenthesis
The period goes after the parenthesis
Do not write pg. or pgs. in the parenthesis, only the number itself
If you do not have an author:
whatever signal word or phrase you provide to your readers in the text, must be the first thing that appears on the left-hand margin of the corresponding entry on the Works Cited page
Most often this will be the title of the article  
A complete reference should appear on your Works Cited page.

6. When quoting short passages (4 lines or fewer) use the following examples:
According to some, dreams express "profound aspects of personality" (Foulkes 184), though others disagree.
According to Foulkes's study, dreams may express "profound aspects of personality" (184).

7. Long Quotes For quotations that are more than four lines :
place quotations in a free-standing block of text and omit quotation marks.
Start the quotation on a new line, with the entire quote indented one inch from the left margin; maintain double-spacing.
Your parenthetical citation should come after the closing punctuation mark.
Nelly Dean treats Heathcliff poorly and dehumanizes him throughout her narration:
They entirely refused to have it in bed with them, or even in their room, and I had no more sense, so, I put it on the landing of the stairs, hoping it would be gone on the morrow. By chance, or else attracted by hearing his voice, it crept to Mr. Earnshaw's door, and there he found it on quitting his chamber. Inquiries were made as to how it got there; I was obliged to confess, and in recompense for my cowardice and inhumanity was sent out of the house. (Bronte 78)

8. Adding or Omitting Words
If you add or change a word or words in a quotation:.
Jan Harold Brunvand, in an essay on urban legends, states, "some individuals [who retell urban legends] make a point of learning every rumor or tale" (78).
If you omit a word or words from a quotation:
In an essay on urban legends, Jan Harold Brunvand notes that "some individuals make a point of learning every recent rumor or tale and in a short time a lively exchange of details occurs" (78).

9. Quoting Dialogue
As a mother trying to wean her daughter off super girly toys, one might present other options. In one such instance Peggy Orenstein, author of Cinderella Ate My Daughter, offered her daughter a cowgirl hat in hope that it might “offset the princess stuff. ‘But what do cowgirls do, Mama?’” (97) replied the little girl when it was placed upon her head. Or
A question posed to mothers with double standards was: “‘do you also refuse the girls makeup and Barbies but let the boys have them?’” (Orentein 97).

10. Punctuation within the quote
A question posed to mothers with double standards was: “‘do you also refuse the girls makeup and Barbies but let the boys have them?’” (Orentein 97).

11. For this essay, your works cited page will be one of the first assignments that you complete.

12. Why?
Starting out the writing process with a works cited page ensures that you have material to work with in order to start writing your paper.
Having a works cited page makes it easier to properly cite multiple sources within the paper.

13. The Basics
Begin your Works Cited page on a separate page at the end of your research paper.
Label the page Works Cited and center the words Works Cited at the top of the page.
Double space all citations, but do not skip spaces between entries.
Indent the second and subsequent lines of citations
Put sources in alphabetical order

14. Example
Works Cited
"Blueprint Lays Out Clear Path for Climate Action." Environmental Defense Fund. Environmental Defense Fund, 8 May Web. 24 May 2009.
Clinton, Bill. Interview by Andrew C. Revkin. “Clinton on Climate Change.” New York Times. New York Times, May Web. 25 May 2009.
Dean, Cornelia. "Executive on a Mission: Saving the Planet." New York Times. New York Times, 22 May Web. 25 May 2009.
Based on what you know of in-text citations, what will show up within the parenthesis after you quote the above sources?

15. Resources
To learn more about in-text citations and Works Cited pages, look up proper MLA format for works cited. My favorite website for this is:
To ensure you site sources correctly, use an online citation engine such as:
Citation Machine
EasyBib
Bibme
Citefast
My personal favorite

16. Looking Forward
Tomorrow you will begin finding sources for your research paper.
You will need to keep track of the sources you find.
You must immediately create a citation for ANY source that you find even if you don’t end up using it.
It is easier to delete sources than try to find them later!

17. Homework
Go the class website, and find the “Works Cited Practice” under:
a) Assignments  Researched Argument  Works Cited Practice
– you may use the rest of the class to work on this assignment, anything you don’t finish will be homework.