1. National Population Projections and the challenges of an ageing population Helen Bray and Shayla Goldring ONS

2. National population projections - key points Rising fertility, rising life expectancy and record levels of net migration Big increase in projected total population size Population ageing

3. Data availability National population projections data remain on the GAD website: www.gad.gov.uk Data to be moved to NS Online during 2008

4. How are assumptions decided? Analysis of demographic trends Expert advisory panel Formal consultation Assumptions agreed by ONS and devolved administrations

5. UK population 1951 - 2031

6. UK population, 1951 - 2031

7. Actual and projected TFR, UK, 1951 - 2031

8. Period expectation of life at birth (EOLB), UK, 1981 - 2081

9. Annual mortality improvement, 2006 - 2007 UK male/female comparison

10. Period and cohort expectations of life at birth, UK, 1981 - 2056

11. Actual and projected net migration, UK, 1991 - 2031

12. Actual and projected UK births and deaths, 1951 - 2056

13. Projected components of UK population change, 1991 - 2031

14. Total UK population, variant projections, 1996 - 2056

15. UK population pyramid, 2006

16. UK population pyramid, 2006 and 2031

17. Projected elderly demographic support ratio, UK, 2006 - 2056

18. Projected demographic support ratio, UK, 2006 - 2056

19. Percentage of the UK population aged 65 and over, variant projections, 1981 - 2056

20. Challenges of an ageing population - Outline Background Implications of population ageing –Health –Social Services –Housing –Labour Force –Pensions –Well being Future work

21. Background Source: ONS: Censuses 1971-2001; National Population Projections 2011-2031 Population age structure, UK

22. Background Percentage of population aged 60 and over, 2004- 2031 Source: Eurostat 2004 based population projections

23. Implications Ageing will have an impact on the following areas: –Health – increasing demand for GP and hospital care –Social Services – increasing demand for long term care –Housing – ‘new homes must cater for ageing’ 26/1/2008 –Labour force – increasing number of older workers –Pensions – increasing state pensions bill –Well being/social cohesion..however, the size of the effects are interrelated with changing trends in living arrangements, partnership status and also policy intervention

24. Living arrangements Source: ONS: General Household Survey (Longitudinal) People living alone, by sex and age: 1986/87 and 2005, Great Britain Women 010203040506070 16–24 25–44 45–64 65–74 75 and over Age Percentages 1986/87 2005 Men 80706050403020100 Percentages 1986/87 2005

25. Partnership status Source: ONS: 2003 based Marital Status Projections 2003-2031 Females aged 65 and over by partnership status, 2003-2031, England and Wales

26. Percentage of women with no children or only one child at age 45, by birth cohort, England and Wales Source: ONS: Vital events registration data and General Household Survey data. Completed family size

27. Employment Average age of the working age population (16- SPA), 1971-2031, UK Note: Includes changes to State Pension Age Source: ONS: Mid-year population estimates, 1971-2006; National Population Projections 2011-2031

28. Summary UK not ageing as fast as EU on average Still important to prepare for larger numbers and greater proportionate share of population at older ages in UK Need for more information and also co-ordinated and coherent reporting

29. ONS Future work on ageing Quantifying the demographic drivers of ageing Inequalities in age at retirement How are trends in family formation and dissolution likely to affect the proportion of family members providing care? Other parts of ONS How much are we saving for retirement? Are we saving enough? Health at older ages

30. Contacts National projections and the ageing population –NPP Branch – chris.shaw@ons.gov.uk – 020 7533 5294 –or – natpopproj@ons.gov.uk – 020 7533 5222 –Ageing Unit – shayla.goldring@ons.gov.uk –01329 813212 –Morbidity and health care - chris.white@ons.gov.uk – 01633 455865 –Pensions Analysis Unit - chris.daffin@ons.gov.uk–01633 816198