1. MIT Lincoln Laboratory 2007 MPAR-1 JSH 5/2/2007 Session 2: Current State of Military Investment in PAR Panel Lead: Dr. Jeffrey Herd (MIT LL) Panelists: Dr. Richard Wittstruck, U.S. Army PEO IEW&S Dr. Michael Pollock, Office of Naval Research Mr. Mark Longbrake, Air Force Research Lab Panel Time Slot: 10:15 – 11:45 on Thursday, October 11, 2007 Panel Presentations: Background and Session Objectives, J. Herd Army’s Digital Array Radars, R. Wittstruck R&D in Navy’s Phased Array Radar Program, M. Pollock AF Research into PAR Antenna Design, M. Longbrake Discussion

2. MIT Lincoln Laboratory 2007 MPAR-2 JSH 5/2/2007 Objectives of the Session 1.Provide a current snapshot of military investments in phased array radars 2.Identify emerging technologies and concepts from military investments that are relevant to MPAR 3.Identify technology gaps that must be addressed directly to meet MPAR needs 4.Identify collaborative opportunities to jointly increase procurement quantities and reduce cost

3. MIT Lincoln Laboratory 2007 MPAR-3 JSH 5/2/2007 National Air Surveillance Infrastructure Aging mechanically scanned radars 8 unique types for 4 different missions Over 500 total with redundant spatial coverage Today ASR-9 ASR-11 ARSR-3 TDWR ARSR-4 ASR-8 ARSR-1/2 NEXRAD 19601970198019902000201020202030 Timeline and Capabilities Air Surveillance (ARSR-4) Range 250 nmi Beamwidth1.4 o x 2 o Scan time 12 sec Weather (NEXRAD) Range 85 nmi Beamwidth 1 o x 1 o Scan time 240 sec Air Surveillance (ASR-9/11) Range 60 nmi Beamwidth 1.4 o x 5 o Scan time5 sec Weather (TDWR) Range 100 nmi Beamwidth1 o x 0.5 o Scan time180 sec En RouteTerminal ? TDWR ARSR-3ASR-11 ASR-9

4. MIT Lincoln Laboratory 2007 MPAR-4 JSH 5/2/2007 National Air Surveillance Infrastructure State-of-the-art active phased array radars 1 type for all missions: Multifunction Phased Array Radar (MPAR) 334 MPARs replace 510 legacy radars Aging mechanically scanned radars 8 unique types for 4 different missions Over 500 total with redundant spatial coverage Today ASR-9 ASR-11 ARSR-3 TDWR ARSR-4 ASR-8 ARSR-1/2 NEXRAD MPAR

5. MIT Lincoln Laboratory 2007 MPAR-5 JSH 5/2/2007 Current Surveillance Radar Capabilities Maximum Range for Detection of 1m 2 Target Required Coverage Range Altitude Angular Resol. Az El Waveform* Scan Period Terminal Area Aircraft Surveillance (ASR-9/11) 60 nmi60 nm20,000' 1.4  5o5o >18 pulses PRI ~ 0.001 sec5 sec En Route Aircraft Surveillance (ARSR-4) 205 nmi250 nm60,000' 1.4  2.0  >10 pulses PRI ~ 0.001 sec12 sec Terminal Area Weather (TDWR) 212 nmi 60 nmi20,000' 11 0.5  ~50 pulses PRI ~ 0.001 sec180 sec En Route Weather (NEXRAD) 225 nmi250 nmi50,000' 11 11 ~50 pulses PRI ~ 0.001 sec>240 sec Weather surveillance drives radar power and aperture size Aircraft surveillance drives volume scan update rates

6. MIT Lincoln Laboratory 2007 MPAR-6 JSH 5/2/2007 Notional Full-Scale MPAR Parameters Active Array (planar, 4 faces) Diameter: 8 m TR elements/face: 20,000 Dual polarization Beamwidth: 0.7  (broadside) Gain: > 46 dB Transmit/Receive Modules Wavelength: 10 cm (2.7–2.9 GHz) Bandwidth/channel: 1 MHz Frequency channels: 3 Pulse length: 30  s Peak power/element: 2 W Architecture Multiple independent beam clusters Aircraft Surveillance Non cooperative target tracking and characterization Weather Surveillance Notional MPAR NAS system (167 full-scale, 167 terminal area) requires > 16 million active T/R elements

7. MIT Lincoln Laboratory 2007 MPAR-7 JSH 5/2/2007 Critical Challenges and Enablers Challenges: Ultra-low cost array (~ $50k / m 2 at S-band) Scalable aperture sizes Open architecture Low operations and maintenance costs Enablers: Highly integrated low power T/R chips Scalable array sub-panels Air cooled array Design for manufacturability High volume procurement

8. MIT Lincoln Laboratory 2007 MPAR-8 JSH 5/2/2007 Questions for Discussion How will differences in mission requirements impact tech- transfer and collaboration? –Peak power –Bandwidth –Operating frequency –Production volume –Mil-spec vs commercial standards –U.S. vs overseas manufacturing What collaborative opportunities exist to jointly increase procurement quantities and reduce cost? How can we best determine an optimum solution for combined NWS, FAA, DHS, and DoD needs?