2. McGraw-Hill Copyright © 2001 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 1 Quotation Marks and Other Punctuation Marks Prepared by Professors Rita Perkins and Paul Harris Camden County College

3. McGraw-Hill Copyright © 2001 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 2 Quotation Marks “ ”  There are two main uses of quotation marks.  To set off the EXACT words of a speaker or writer.  To set off the titles of short works.

4. McGraw-Hill Copyright © 2001 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 3  Use quotation marks to show the exact words of a speaker or writer. NOT NEEDED Jennifer said that she enjoyed shopping for clothes. NEEDED Jennifer said, “I enjoy shopping for clothes.” Quotation Marks “ ”

5. McGraw-Hill Copyright © 2001 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 4 Punctuation Notes  EXAMPLE: Ryan explained, “ The skis are on sale until tomorrow.” –A comma sets off the quoted part from the rest of the sentence. –Periods at the end of the a quote go INSIDE the quotation marks.  EXAMPLE: “If the mall opens at nine,” David said, “we can eat breakfast there.” –Commas that come at the end of a quoted sections go inside the quotation marks.

6. McGraw-Hill Copyright © 2001 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 5 Capitalization Notes  EXAMPLE:Martha explained, “The flower shop is my favorite store to visit.”  EXAMPLE: Martha explained, “The flower shop is my favorite store to visit.” –Every quotation begins with a capital letter.  EXAMPLE: “Bands play music every Wednesday night,” Jason said, “especially in the new coffee shop.” – When a quotation is split, the second part does not begin with a capital letter unless it is another complete sentence.

7. McGraw-Hill Copyright © 2001 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 6TitlesTitles  The second main use of quotation marks is with titles of short works. –With titles of major works we use italics. –If a font with italics is not available, the titles of long works are –If a font with italics is not available, the titles of long works are underlined.

8. McGraw-Hill Copyright © 2001 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 7  Use quotation marks to set off the titles of articles, short stories, poems, and songs.  Long works such as novels, magazine titles, and movies are either in italics or they are underlined. –Example: The bookstore sells Teen Fad magazine which has the article “Why Tattoos Attract Men.” TitlesTitles

9. McGraw-Hill Copyright © 2001 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 8 Special Uses of Quotation Marks À To set off special words or phrases from the rest of a sentence. Rob’s “nutritious lunch” consisted of a candy bar and a bag of corn chips. Á To mark a quote within a quote. For this purpose, use single quotes. Jamie said, “My favorite short story is ‘Twirling’ by Carolyn Murphy.”

10. McGraw-Hill Copyright © 2001 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 9 Other Punctuation Marks  COLON(:) –There are several uses of the colon.  Telling time 2:30  Biblical references John 11:35

11. McGraw-Hill Copyright © 2001 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 10  The colon is often a mark of introduction. Use the colon at the end of a COMPLETE statement to do the following:  Introduce a list which explains the complete statement. EXAMPLE: The music store sells a wide variety of items: compact discs, cassettes, and clothes. Colon (:)

12. McGraw-Hill Copyright © 2001 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 11 Á Introduce a long quotation. EXAMPLE: The policy is stated on the door: All our merchandise is considered valuable. Those who enter this store are responsible for their behavior. This includes children, who must be supervised. If any customer damages any merchandise, he must pay for it. Colon (:)

13. McGraw-Hill Copyright © 2001 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 12 SEMICOLON (;)  The semicolon is used to join two complete thoughts that are so closely connected that you want to write them as one sentence. Marty was not a cashier; he was a sales associate.

14. McGraw-Hill Copyright © 2001 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 13 HYPHEN (-)  There are two uses for the hyphen.  With two or more words that act as a single unit describing a noun. The one-of-a-kind Christmas wreaths were very expensive.  To divide a word at the end of a line of writing or typing. The salespersons attended train- ing sessions to insure that even when customers are antagonistic, the staff responds politely.

15. McGraw-Hill Copyright © 2001 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 14 PARENTHESIS ( )  Use parentheses to set off extra or incidental information from the rest of a sentence. In modern malls the food court (once a simple soda fountain) has become a meeting place for friends.  NOTE: Sometimes parentheses enclose letters or numbers that signal items in a series.  SPECIAL NOTE: DO NOT USE PARENTHESES TOO OFTEN.

16. McGraw-Hill Copyright © 2001 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 15 Punctuation Review À Americans debate whether the citizens could accept a woman as president yet women have ruled numerous countries throughout history. Americans debate whether the citizens could accept a woman as president___yet women have ruled numerous countries throughout history. Insert punctuation where necessary., Answer:, comma

17. McGraw-Hill Copyright © 2001 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 16 Punctuation Review Á Cleopatra 69-30 BC was the queen of Egypt from 51-30 BC. Cleopatra __(_ 69-30 BC_)__ was the queen of Egypt from 51-30 BC. Insert punctuation where necessary. Answer ( ) parentheses

18. McGraw-Hill Copyright © 2001 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 17 Punctuation Review Á Cleopatra 69-30 BC was the queen of Egypt from 51-30 BC. Cleopatra (69-30 BC) was the queen of Egypt from 51-30 BC. Insert punctuation where necessary. Answer ( ) parentheses

19. McGraw-Hill Copyright © 2001 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 18 Punctuation Review  When Octavian later known as the Roman Emperor Augustus declared war against Cleopatra and Mark Anthony the queen insisted on taking part in the military campaign. Insert punctuation where necessary.

20. McGraw-Hill Copyright © 2001 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 19 Punctuation Review  When Octavian_(__ later known as the Roman Emperor Augustus__)_ declared war against Cleopatra and Mark Anthony _, __the queen insisted on taking part in the military campaign. Insert punctuation where necessary. Answer ( ) parentheses/, comma

21. McGraw-Hill Copyright © 2001 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 20 Punctuation Review  When Octavian (later known as the Roman Emperor Augustus) declared war against Cleopatra and Mark Anthony, the queen insisted on taking part in the military campaign. Insert punctuation where necessary. Answer ( ) parentheses/, comma

22. McGraw-Hill Copyright © 2001 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 21 Punctuation Review à Mark Anthony who was deceived by a false report of the death of Cleopatra could not face life without her and committed suicide. Insert punctuation where necessary.

23. McGraw-Hill Copyright © 2001 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 22 Punctuation Review à Mark Anthony___ who was deceived by a false report of the death of Cleopatra ___could not face life without her and committed suicide. Insert punctuation where necessary. Answer- personal preference either comma, parentheses, or even dashes. Note: No comma before the “and” because there are not two complete sentences. Answer- personal preference either comma, parentheses, or even dashes. Note: No comma before the “and” because there are not two complete sentences.

24. McGraw-Hill Copyright © 2001 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 23 Punctuation Review à Mark Anthony, who was deceived by a false report of the death of Cleopatra, could not face life without her and committed suicide. Insert punctuation where necessary. Answer- personal preference either comma, parentheses, or even dashes. Note: No comma before the “and” because there are not two complete sentences. Answer- personal preference either comma, parentheses, or even dashes. Note: No comma before the “and” because there are not two complete sentences.

25. McGraw-Hill Copyright © 2001 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 24 Punctuation Review Ä Catherine the Great was not the first empress of Russia named Catherine she was the second of that name. Catherine the Great was not the first empress of Russia named Catherine___ she was the second of that name. Insert punctuation where necessary. Answer ; semicolon

26. McGraw-Hill Copyright © 2001 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 25 Punctuation Review Ä Catherine the Great was not the first empress of Russia named Catherine she was the second of that name. Catherine the Great was not the first empress of Russia named Catherine; she was the second of that name. Insert punctuation where necessary. Answer ; semicolon

27. McGraw-Hill Copyright © 2001 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 26 Punctuation Review Å Catherine the Great established new institutions in Russia the first Russian school for girls a medical college and health care for her subjects. Catherine the Great established new institutions in Russia___ the first Russian school for girls___ a medical college___ and health care for her subjects. Insert punctuation where necessary. Answer : colon /, comma / comma

28. McGraw-Hill Copyright © 2001 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 27 Punctuation Review Å Catherine the Great established new institutions in Russia the first Russian school for girls a medical college and health care for her subjects. Catherine the Great established new institutions in Russia: the first Russian school for girls, a medical college, and health care for her subjects. Insert punctuation where necessary. Answer : colon /, comma / comma

29. McGraw-Hill Copyright © 2001 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 28 Punctuation Review Æ People believe that Marie Antoinette said Let them eat cake. People believe that Marie Antoinette said___ ___ Let them eat cake.___ Insert punctuation where necessary. Answer :, comma/ “open quote / ” closed quote

30. McGraw-Hill Copyright © 2001 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 29 Punctuation Review Æ People believe that Marie Antoinette said Let them eat cake. People believe that Marie Antoinette said, “ Let them eat cake.” Insert punctuation where necessary. Answer :, comma/ “open quote / ” closed quote

31. McGraw-Hill Copyright © 2001 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 30 Punctuation Review Ç Kerry replied When the Habsburg family reigned in Europe, one very successful ruler was a woman. What was her name? Kerry replied___ ___When the Habsburg family reigned in Europe, one very successful ruler was a woman. What was her name?___ Insert punctuation where necessary. Answer :, comma/ “open quote / ” closed quote

32. McGraw-Hill Copyright © 2001 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 31 Note:No punctuation here. Do not close the quotation marks until the speaker completes his speech. Note:No punctuation here. Do not close the quotation marks until the speaker completes his speech. Punctuation Review Ç Kerry replied When the Habsburg family reigned in Europe, one very successful ruler was a woman. What was her name? Kerry replied, “When the Habsburg family reigned in Europe, one very successful ruler was a woman. What was her name?” Insert punctuation where necessary. Answer :, comma/ “open quote / ” closed quote

33. McGraw-Hill Copyright © 2001 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 32 Punctuation Review È I always get confused Bernie said about Mary Queen of Scotts. ___I always get confused___ ___ Bernie said ___ ___about Mary Queen of Scotts.___ Insert punctuation where necessary. Answer : “open quote/, comma ” closed quote/, comma/ “open quote/ “open quote/ ” closed quote

34. McGraw-Hill Copyright © 2001 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 33 Punctuation Review È I always get confused Bernie said about Mary Queen of Scotts. “I always get confused,” Bernie said, “about Mary Queen of Scotts.” Insert punctuation where necessary. Answer : “open quote/, comma ” closed quote/, comma/ “open quote/ “open quote/ ” closed quote

35. McGraw-Hill Copyright © 2001 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 34 Punctuation Review É Pocahontas was an influential character in American history our own princess. Pocahontas was an influential character in American history___ our own princess. Insert punctuation where necessary. Answer : - dash

36. McGraw-Hill Copyright © 2001 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 35 Punctuation Review É Pocahontas was an influential character in American history our own princess. Pocahontas was an influential character in American history - our own princess. Insert punctuation where necessary. Answer : - dash

37. McGraw-Hill Copyright © 2001 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 36 Punctuation Review 11. We believe that the make it happen thinking of American pioneer women helped make this country great. We believe that the make ___ it ___ happen thinking of American pioneer women helped make this country great. Insert punctuation where necessary. Answer : - hyphens

38. McGraw-Hill Copyright © 2001 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 37 Punctuation Review 11. We believe that the make it happen thinking of American pioneer women helped make this country great. We believe that the make - it - happen thinking of American pioneer women helped make this country great. Insert punctuation where necessary. Answer : - hyphens

39. McGraw-Hill Copyright © 2001 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 38 Punctuation Review 12. My uncle confided to us I often think of the poem On A Political Prisoner by Yeats when conflicts arise. My uncle confided to us ___ ___ I often think of the poem ___On A Political Prisoner ___ by Yeats when conflicts arise.___ Insert punctuation where necessary. Answer :,comma/ “open quote/ ‘single quote/ ’single quote/ ”closed quote

40. McGraw-Hill Copyright © 2001 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 39 Punctuation Review 12. My uncle confided to us I often think of the poem On A Political Prisoner by Yeats when conflicts arise. My uncle confided to us, “I often think of the poem ‘On A Political Prisoner’ by Yeats when conflicts arise.” Insert punctuation where necessary. Answer :,comma/ “open quote/ ‘single quote/ ’single quote / ”closed quote

41. McGraw-Hill Copyright © 2001 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. 40 Any questions?