1. Lenin and Trotsky

2. Lenin Born April 1870, well educated, studied law, his elder brother was executed for being part of a revolutionary group attempting to assassinate the Tsar Born April 1870, well educated, studied law, his elder brother was executed for being part of a revolutionary group attempting to assassinate the Tsar 1890 – Lenin moved to St Petersburg and became a professional revolutionary 1890 – Lenin moved to St Petersburg and became a professional revolutionary 1895 – Arrested and exiled to Siberia for 3 years. Spent the next decade and a half in Europe where he emerged as a prominent figure in the international revolutionary movement 1895 – Arrested and exiled to Siberia for 3 years. Spent the next decade and a half in Europe where he emerged as a prominent figure in the international revolutionary movement Dec 1900 – First issue of the revolutionary newspaper ‘Iskra’ or ‘Spark’ Dec 1900 – First issue of the revolutionary newspaper ‘Iskra’ or ‘Spark’ 1903 – Led the Bolshevik faction after the split with the Mensheviks 1903 – Led the Bolshevik faction after the split with the Mensheviks 1905 – returns to Russia to support the revolution. With the revolution crushed he returned back to European exile. Until the revolution of 1917 he spent the majority of the time exiled in Europe where he continued his political writings and attending socialist meetings. 1905 – returns to Russia to support the revolution. With the revolution crushed he returned back to European exile. Until the revolution of 1917 he spent the majority of the time exiled in Europe where he continued his political writings and attending socialist meetings.

3. Lenin 1903 – “What is to be Done?” is published. This was a political pamphlet. It called for the formation of a revolutionary party that would direct the efforts of the working class. Lenin thought that left to their own devices workers would be content with trade unionism and only a dedicated revolutionary party could direct a revolution. This piece led to the split of the Social Democrats into Bolshevik and Mensheviks. 1903 – “What is to be Done?” is published. This was a political pamphlet. It called for the formation of a revolutionary party that would direct the efforts of the working class. Lenin thought that left to their own devices workers would be content with trade unionism and only a dedicated revolutionary party could direct a revolution. This piece led to the split of the Social Democrats into Bolshevik and Mensheviks. 1905 – returns to Russia to support the revolution. With the revolution crushed he returned back to European exile. Until the revolution of 1917 he spent the majority of the time exiled in Europe where he continued his political writings and attending socialist meetings. 1905 – returns to Russia to support the revolution. With the revolution crushed he returned back to European exile. Until the revolution of 1917 he spent the majority of the time exiled in Europe where he continued his political writings and attending socialist meetings.

4. Trotsky Trotsky became involved in revolutionary activities in 1896 Trotsky became involved in revolutionary activities in 1896 At first he was a Populist but was introduced to Marxism later that year. In Jan 1898 he was arrested and spent two years in prison for encouraging workers in revolutionary activity. At first he was a Populist but was introduced to Marxism later that year. In Jan 1898 he was arrested and spent two years in prison for encouraging workers in revolutionary activity. Two months after his imprisonment the first Congress of the newly formed Russian Social Democrat Party took place and from then on Trotsky considered himself a member of the party Two months after his imprisonment the first Congress of the newly formed Russian Social Democrat Party took place and from then on Trotsky considered himself a member of the party 1900 – sentenced to four years in exile. 1900 – sentenced to four years in exile. 1903 – Sided with the Mensheviks in the split. Left the Mensheviks in 1904 over their insistence on an alliance with the Liberals and their opposition to reconciliation with Lenin and the Bolsheviks. 1903 – Sided with the Mensheviks in the split. Left the Mensheviks in 1904 over their insistence on an alliance with the Liberals and their opposition to reconciliation with Lenin and the Bolsheviks. Until 1917 he described himself as a ‘non-factional’ social democrat Until 1917 he described himself as a ‘non-factional’ social democrat

5. Trotsky Trotsky spent much of his time between 1904 and 1917 trying to reconcile different groups within the party which resulted in many clashes with Lenin and other prominent party members. Trotsky conceded he had been in the wrong opposing Lenin. During these years Trotsky began developing his theory of permanent revolution. Trotsky spent much of his time between 1904 and 1917 trying to reconcile different groups within the party which resulted in many clashes with Lenin and other prominent party members. Trotsky conceded he had been in the wrong opposing Lenin. During these years Trotsky began developing his theory of permanent revolution.