2.  For regular verbs, add “-ed” to the end of the base form of the verb. Stay  StayedWatch  Watched Walk  WalkedListen  Listened  Irregular verbs: STUDY THEM!!!

3.  If the verb ends in a SILENT “E”, only add “-d” Like  LikedSave  Saved  If the word has ONE SYLLABLE and ends in ONE VOWEL AND ONE CONSONANT, double the last consonant before adding “–ed” Plan  PlannedStop  Stopped  If the word ends in a CONSONANT+Y, change the “y” to an “i” before adding “-ed” Cry  CriedStudy  Studied

4.  Add “didn’t” or “did not” before the verb in the base form. I did not know the answer. He didn’t study for the exam. We did not go to the store. They didn’t run on Saturday. You didn’t go to the cinema.

5.  Put “did” before the subject and the verb in the base form. Did you go on vacation this summer?  For short answers, put “did” or “didn’t” after the subject pronoun. Yes, I did. No, I didn’t.

6.  Last year I (spend) ___________ my holiday in Ireland.  It (be) ___________ great.  I (travel) ___________ around by car with two friends and we (visit) __________ lots of interesting places.  In the evenings we usually (go) ________ to a pub.

7.  One night we even (learn) _________ some Irish dances.  We (be) _________ very lucky with the weather.  It (not/rain) _______________ a lot.  But we (see) ______ some beautiful rainbows.  Where (spend/you) _______________ your last vacation?

8.  When words sound like they end in a “-t” or a “-d”, you pronounce “-ed” at the end of the word. This adds another syllable. Want  WantedDecide  Decided (“want-ed”)(“decide-ed”) Need  NeededHate  Hated (“need-ed”)(“hate-ed”)

9.  If the verb ends in a STRONG (voiced) sound, pronounce the word like there is a “-d” at the end of the base form– do NOT pronounce the “-e” in the “-ed” ending. BASE FORM PAST TENSEPRONUNCIATION LiveLivedLive/D GrowlGrowledGrowl/D SlitherSlitheredSlither/D ClimbClimbedClimb/D

10.  If the word ends in a SOFT (unvoiced) sound, pronounce the word like there is a “-t” at the end of the base form. BASE FORM PAST TENSEPRONUNCIATION LaughLaughedLaugh/T PopPoppedPop/T LikeLikedLike/T HissHissedHiss/T

11.  Dance  Start  Study  Cook  Stuff  Miss  End  Clean  Walk  Finish