1. Introduction to Network Simulator NS-2 Part II
King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals
Computer Engineering Department
Introduction to Network Simulator NS-2 Part II
Wireless Mobile Ad hoc Networks COE 549
Anas Alroubaiey

2. Outlines Wireless TCL script How to build wireless scenarios
Mobility and traffic (setdest & cbrgen.tcl)
DSR trace file
Using AWK for calculating
Routing overhead
PDR( Packet Delivery Ratio)

3. Wireless TCL Script (1/3)
Mobile node parameters
Channel type    (Channel/WirelessChannel)
Propagation model    (Propagation/TwoRayGround)
Interface type    (Phy/WirelessPhy)
MAC layer protocol    (Mac/802_11)
Routing protocol    (DSR)
Interface Queue type    (CMUPriQueue - for DSR)
Interface Queue Length    (50)
Antenna type    (Antenna/OmniAntenna)
LL type    (LL)
Read chapter 16 in ns-documentation
Use wireless.tcl example in tcl\ex folder

4. Wireless TCL Script (2/3)
# unity gain, omni-directional antennas # set up the antennas to be centered in the node and 1.5 meters above it Antenna/OmniAntenna set X_ 0 Antenna/OmniAntenna set Y_ 0 Antenna/OmniAntenna set Z_ 1.5 Antenna/OmniAntenna set Gt_ 1.0 Antenna/OmniAntenna set Gr_ 1.0

5. Wireless TCL Script(3/3)
How to reduce the trace output file size
set AgentTrace              ON
set RouterTrace             ON
set MacTrace                  ON
Generating data traffic and mobility scenarios
set val(cp) "../mobility/scene/cbr-3-test"
set val(sc) "../mobility/scene/scen-3-test"

6. Wireless Scenario (Mobility)
Provide initial (X,Y, for now Z=0) co-ordinates for mobile nodes
$node_(0) set X_ 5.0
$node_(0) set Y_ 2.0
$node_(0) set Z_ 0.0
$node_(1) set X_ 390.0
$node_(1) set Y_ 385.0
$node_(1) set Z_ 0.0
Now produce some simple node movements
# Node_(1) starts to move towards node_(0)
$ns_ at 50.0 "$node_(1) setdest "
$ns_ at 10.0 "$node_(0) setdest "
# Node_(1) then starts to move away from node_(0)
$ns_ at "$node_(1) setdest "

7. Wireless scenario ( Traffic)
# Setup traffic flow between nodes # TCP connections between node_(0) and node_(1) set tcp [new Agent/TCP] $tcp set class_ 2 set sink [new Agent/TCPSink] $ns_ attach-agent $node_(0) $tcp $ns_ attach-agent $node_(1) $sink $ns_ connect $tcp $sink set ftp [new Application/FTP] $ftp attach-agent $tcp $ns_ at 10.0 "$ftp start"

8. Setdet
A script has been provided which generates these movements automatically in a separate file
To generate this, use the setdest script present in ns/indep-utils/cmu-scen-gen/ directory.
Examples:
setdest -v 1 -n 20 -p 2.0 -M t 200 -x 500 -y 500 > scen-20_v1.tcl
setdest -v 2 -n 20 -s 1 -m 1 -M t 200 -P 1 -p 2.0 -x 500 -y 500 > scen- 20_v2.tcl

9. Cbrgen.tcl Generates traffic automatically in a separate file
script present in ns/indep-utils/cmu-scen-gen/ directory
ns cbrgen.tcl [-type cbr|tcp] [-nn nodes] [-seed seed] [-mc connections][-rate rate] >output.tcl
Example:
ns cbrgen.tcl –type cbr –nn 50 –seed 1 –mc 10 –rate 4 > cbr

10. A Typical DSR trace format (1/3)
s _39_ RTR  DSR 44 [13a a ] [39:255 8: ] 2 [0 0] [ >0] [ >10]
s: means send : time stamp _39_:  node id RTR: means router message 1306: uid of this packet DSR: DSR agent 44: size in the common header hdr_cmn()
[13a a ] MAC detail:  13a: means the expected transmission time ( note that packet size is large, 44 bytes, 314second?)                                a: means the receiving node: 10                               27: means the sending node is 39                               800:  IP header: 0x0800, (ETHERTYPE_ARP is 0x0806)

11. DSR Trace Format (2/3)
[39:255 8: ] IP detail: src address: IP 39 means                          port 255                          dst address: IP 8 means                          port 255                          TTL: 255                           Next-hop: 8
TTL (time to live ) you can use it to know the number of hops

12. DSR Trace Format (3/3)
2 [0 0] [ >0] [ >10] DSR detail:
2:  num_addrs()
[0 0] route-request option, this is not a route request, the second 0 is labeled for sequence number
[ >0]  route-reply option: [ " route-reply?" "Rreq seqno" "reply length" "dst of src  route", "src of the src route"]
[ >10], 1: shows this is a route error                           1: number of route errors                           8: tp notify node 8.                            39->10: link is broken 

13. Calculating Routing Overhead & PDR
sum of routing packets / sum of data packets
PDR = Packet Delivery Ratio
PDR =
sum of packets sent/ sum of successfully received packets
How to extract the number of
Routing packets
$cat out.tr |grep "^s.*MAC.*DSR" | wc –l
Data packets
$cat out.tr |grep "^s.*MAC.*cbr" | wc –l

14. Routing Overhead (AWK code)
BEGIN {dsrpktno = 0; dsrbyte = 0; cbrpktno = 0; cbrbyte = 0; } {
$1~/s/ && /DSR/ && /MAC/  { dsrpktno ++ ;  dsrbyte+=$8 ;} $1~/s/ && /cbr/ && /MAC/ { cbrpktno ++ ;  cbrbyte+=$8; }
}  END { print ( dsrpktno/cbrpktno, dsrbyte /cbrbyte) }

15. PDR (AWK code) BEGIN {Scbr=0; Rcbr=0; } {
$1~/s/ && /cbr/ && /AGT/  { Scbr ++ ;} $1~/r/ && /cbr/ && /AGT/ { Rcbr++ ;}
}  END { print ( “PDR=“,Scbr/Rcbr) }

16. References