1. Persian Empire, 521-486 B.C.

2. Persia too strong, Greeks rebel At first—Grk city-states are weak b/c not united Eventually unite Defeat Persian army after 50 years of fighting Battle of Marathon—1 st major victory Battles of Thermopylae—Grks outnumbered, 300 Spartans fend off Persians in support of the other Grks Battle of Salamis—Naval Battle, Persian downfall Athens emerges as major power in Greek World Create Delian League (alliance of Grk City- States) Pericles leads them into a “Golden Age”

4. Greek Philosophy Socrates – Sought truths about big concepts such as truth, justice, and virtue – Education and questioning Plato – Most famous work is The Republic – What is reality? Aristotle – Used logic and reason to study natural world. Ordered thinking, making deductions – Taught Alexander the Great

5. Art & Architecture Statues lifelike, active, idealistic Paintings: on pottery, detailed, red/black, told stories

8. Art & Architecture Aim for perfection & symmetry Parthenon – Dedicated to goddess Athena – Wealth of Athens

13. Parthenon in Nashville

14. Temple of Erectheon

15. Treasury of Delphi

16. Greek Drama Tragedies : plays that told stories of human suffering that usually ended in disaster. – Aeschylus, Sophocles, and Euripides Comedies: humorous plays that mocked people or customs. – Aristophanes

18. History Herodotus “first historian” or “father of history” Thucydides showed the need to avoid bias.

19. crap bum

20. Science: Medicine Hippocrates & the Hippocratic Oath – all patients must be treated regardless of class

21. Science: Astronomy Sun was larger than earth Determined earth’s true size. Ptolemy thought the earth was in the center – believed for 14 centuries.

22. Greek Engineering Archimedes – Lever – Water Distribution and Pumps – War Machines Give me a lever and a place to stand and I will move the earth.

23. Greek Mathematics Euclid —modern geometry Pi —circumference of circle Pythagoras – explain world in mathematical terms – Theory about relationships of sides of right triangle (Pythagorean Theorem)

24. Pericles on Athens’s Democracy

25. Athens v. Sparta Sparta as military Power, Athens has money Sparta allies with Persia Plague breaks out in Athens Kills 1/3 population Athens is defeated Weakens Greece again