2. Spreadsheets and Business Graphics: Facts and Figures Chapter 13

3. Objectives Describe the advantages of spreadsheets List several applications for spreadsheets Explain the underlying principles of electronic spreadsheet use Describe how to set up and modify a spreadsheet Describe the advantages of business graphics Differentiate between analytical and presentation graphics Name the elements of standard charts and graphs

4. Contents Why Use Spreadsheets? Working with Spreadsheets Business Graphics Analytical Graphics Presentation Graphics

5. Why Use Spreadsheets? Plan ahead (What if) Make the computer do the work See the results of change

6. The Nature of Spreadsheets Use numbers to track performance Manual –Tedious –Time-consuming –Error-prone Electronic spreadsheets –Automate –Increase ability to track performance

7. Electronic Spreadsheets VisiCalc First electronic spreadsheet program 1979 Apple II microcomputer Computer becomes an indispensable tool for financial analysis

8. Electronic Spreadsheets Labor Saving Automatic recalculation Change one value All dependent values are recalculated A single change can affect many calculations

9. Electronic Spreadsheets Labor Saving “What If” Analysis The process of changing one or more spreadsheet values and observing the resulting calculated effect What if we reduce the price by 5%? What if we buy a home and the mortgage rate increases by.5%?

10. Working with Spreadsheets Plan Create Edit and proofread Format Print Add graphics Provide data security – password, protect

11. Working with Spreadsheets The plan… …The result

12. Electronic Spreadsheets How it Works Enter data and calculations Electronic spreadsheet automatically performs the calculations Error-free results are displayed on the spreadsheet Print Store to be used again

13. Electronic Spreadsheets Fundamentals Screen –Window into the spreadsheet –Scroll using mouse or cursor-movement keys Rows and columns –Row – number –Column – letters

14. Electronic Spreadsheets Fundamentals Cell –Junction of a row and column –Cell address (cell reference) – letter and number Active cell (current cell) –Highlighted with border or reverse video –Can enter or edit data in active cell only

15. Cell Contents Label –Descriptive text about entries –Not used for calculations Value –Number –May be used in calculations

16. Cell Contents Formula Calculation instruction Contains –Cell address –One or more arithmetic operators –Functions Result appears in the cell containing the formula Calculation appears in the formula bar

17. Cell Contents Functions Pre-programmed formulas Used in formulas in place of operators Common –SUM –AVERAGE –COUNT –MIN –MAX

18. Cell Ranges Group of one or more adjacent cells occurring in a rectangular shape Treated as a unit during an operation Indicate the upper-left and lower-right cells of the block May be referenced in a formula or function

19. Formatting Features Column width Row height Headings Number styles – commas, number of decimals, dollar and percent signs Appearance of data –Justification –Text font and style

20. Formatting Features Decoration –Borders –Color –Clip art Business graphics –Shows words and numbers in visual form –Quickly and easily understood

21. Business Graphics Generate and sustain the interest of an audience Make a lesson, report, or business document more attractive Help get a point across Can reveal a trend that is lost in a column of numbers Presenter appears more prepared and organized

22. Business Graphics Analytical graphics View and analyze data Presentation graphics Make a positive impression during a presentation

23. Analytical Graphics Analysis-oriented Graphics Help users analyze and understand data Line Bar Pie

24. Line Graphs Shows trends or cycles over time Axis Plot area Data point Labels Titles

25. Bar Graphs Comparisons Rectangular area up to the height of the point being plotted Easy to absorb

26. Pie Charts Proportions Relationship between parts and whole One time period Exploded pie chart One wedge pulled slightly away from the pie

27. Presentation Graphics Business-quality Graphics Look like preparation by professional graphic artist –Charts –Graphs –Visual aids Control the appearance when you create it Produce graphics faster Make last-minute changes

28. Presentation Graphics Business-quality Graphics Edit and enhance charts created by other programs Create charts, diagrams, drawing, and text slides Use clip art Support animated effects Add sounds

29. Presentation Graphics Business-quality Graphics Hardware High-resolution color monitor Color printer Ability to project computer slides on a screen