1. Design process

2. Design briefs Investigating Designing Producing Analysing and evaluating Design process wall charts

3. Design process

8. Design briefs Design process Starting points A situation, problem or need may lead to the decision to create a design. Design can be stimulated from a variety of starting points, for example: market-based demands (real world influence/s) client-based demands (responding to a problem, need, request, or identified opportunity) personal expression (focusing on one’s own feelings, interests or personal necessity). It is important to explore and define the parameters of the problem, situation or need. A design brief is used for this purpose.

9. Design briefs Design process What is a design brief? A design brief documents: an outline of a situation, problem, need or opportunity specifications that apply to the problem (including constraints and considerations). A design brief provides a structured way to develop and apply knowledge and skills to solve problems. Design briefs can vary in the amount of information they provide and in the way that information is presented. Both of these factors are usually determined by the scope of the project.

10. Design briefs Design process How should a design brief be structured? A design brief should be structured logically. It must clearly define what is required, and contain information the designer needs to know. This includes: what kind of product/object, place, event, system, visual or sound communication needs to be designed who will use it why it is needed or wanted when and where it will be used how it will be used what constraints are placed on the design (for example, cultural, safety, age or ability of user and the possible effect on society and the environment when it needs to be finished and available for use.

11. Design briefs Design process Developing design briefs Annotated design briefs Advice on developing design briefs Writing and using a design brief within a unit of work English Music

12. Investigating Design process Before research and investigation is undertaken, it is important that the nature of the design problem contained in the brief is clearly understood. Identify what information, knowledge and experience is required to complete the design process. Consider: what currently exists what is required what is possible.

13. Investigating Design process Identify areas for investigation or research. Investigating should broaden the knowledge of the designer and influence how the product or outcome will be developed.

14. Investigating Design process Methods of investigating Concept mapping Forced combinations The five Ws and how web The five whys Fishbone diagram Sticky note analysis Input – output diagram KWFL chart

15. Designing Design process Designing is the process by which ideas are generated and documented. When creating and developing ideas you draw on: experience research intuition imagination.

16. Designing Design process Creating and developing ideas. Select relevant and useful ideas and elements. Generate solutions. Reflect on alternatives, strengths and weaknesses. Refocus on whether the solution satisfies the problem. Test alternatives. Make informed decisions. Develop and refine ideas and options. Integrate elements/parts into a whole. Plan for producing.

17. Designing Design process Methods for creating and developing ideas Innovative design and problem solving Keys for thinking creatively when designing Keeping a design journal

18. Designing Design process There are many ways designers can visually represent ideas, for example: drawings or sketches storyboards prototypes or models Computer-aided design (CAD). Developing ideas in visual form before completing a design has many practical benefits that can: help the designer, client, or others who may be involved in the production, to visualise the design highlight any design issues that will need to be resolved in the final design provide a model to guide the production of the final design.

19. Designing Design process The way a designer chooses to create and develop ideas is often informed by the medium of the finished work. For example, storyboards are often used to represent ideas for a video or film and models or prototypes are often used to represent ideas for a three-dimensional design such as a building.

20. Designing Design process Drawing / Sketching A drawing or sketch is a two-dimensional image which describes the visual appearance and/or construction techniques of a proposed design. Depending on the nature of the design, drawings and sketches for designs can be detailed and technical (architectural drawings) or broadly descriptive and free-hand (fashion design drawings or sketchbook drawings for a visual communication). Drawings and sketches made as part of the design process are often annotated to provide information required to complete the design.

21. Designing Design process Drawing / Sketching examples

22. Designing Design process Drawing / Sketching examples

23. Designing Design process Drawing / Sketching examples

24. Designing Design process Drawing / Sketching examples

25. Designing Design process Storyboards Storyboards show a sequence of annotated visual images of the narrative or steps to be used. Storyboards are used extensively in creating video, film and advertisements.

26. Designing Design process Storyboard examples

27. Designing Design process Storyboard examples

28. Designing Design process Storyboard examples

29. Designing Design process Models and prototypes After the most appropriate or best design is selected, a model or prototype of that design may be produced. A model or prototype is a three-dimensional image or form created to show the appearance of a proposed product. A model or prototype is often: significantly smaller in scale that the proposed design made from less durable material than the final design (for example, a balsa wood model of a building or a calico toile for a garment).

30. Designing Design process Model / Prototype examples

31. Designing Design process Model / Prototype examples

32. Designing Design process Model / Prototype examples

33. Designing Design process Model / Prototype examples

34. Designing Design process Model / Prototype examples

35. Designing Design process Computer-aided Design (CAD) Computer-aided Design (CAD) can be used to visualise, and show parts and construction of models and prototypes.

36. Designing Design process Computer-aided Design (CAD) examples

37. Designing Design process Computer-aided Design (CAD) examples

38. Designing Design process Computer-aided Design (CAD) examples

39. Designing Design process Selecting the best option Selecting the preferred option involves making judgements about the design that best meets the requirements of the design brief. Through filtering and funnelling, parts of a design my be selected, modified, recombined and refined until the most appropriate design evolves and emerges. Planning for producing the preferred option can then commence.

40. Designing Design process Methods for selecting the best option Evaluating as you design Design criteria hierarchy

41. Designing Design process Methods of planning for producing Flowchart A flowchart is a pictorial way to represent the stages of production in a symbolic way. It shows the flow of work and where checks need to be made and problems fixed. Timeline A timeline is used to plan the use of time required for each stage of production. Sequence table A table that clearly defines in a logical sequence the tasks to be completed and the required resources and skills.

42. Designing Design process Methods of planning for producing Flowchart Sequence table Timeline

43. Producing Design process Producing involves implementing or making the design. It will be necessary to refer back to the design brief, drawings and production planning. Produce the model, prototype, product, artwork, event or piece of writing by: using materials using techniques/processes using data.

44. Analysing and evaluating Design process It is important to reflect on and analyse and evaluate the outcomes of design and production activities. Key questions to ask: Does the solution solve the problem, needs, wants and opportunities outlined in the design brief or further developed during the design process? How could the process of designing and producing be improved? What has been learned about ways of thinking throughout the design process?

45. Analysing and evaluating Design process Analysing and evaluating worksheets Analysing and evaluating Identifying attributes of a product

46. Wall charts Design process A3 print quality wall charts Design briefs Investigating Designing Producing Analysing and Evaluating