1. Assessment 2 – Component 2 K.Jaiyanth EN14553974

2.  Textile industry is the mechanical facility that convert filament, fibre or yarn that can be made into fabric or cloth and the resulting material. Fabric can be knitted, bonded, felted and tufted fabric.  In this presentation, we are going to see some facts about the raw materials and processing in the Textile Industry.

3.  Raw material used in the textile production are fibres, either obtained from natural source (eg- wool) or produced from chemical substance (eg- nylon and polyester). Fibres include yards, films, sheets, foams, fur or leather.  Chemicals used are textile auxiliaries, enzymes, bleaching chemicals, disizing chemicals, dyeing chemicals, stabilizer, softeners, leveling agent along with anhydrous acids, tartaric acid, maleic acid, dyes, fumaric acid, alpha amylase.

5. Source:- Fibre Organon Jun-11 Dominance of Synthetic filament yarns Cotton is flat but highly sought after due to its properties Consistent growth in VSF with highest CAGR% World Fibre Basket in last five years

6. Raw Materials for Technical Textiles 1.Regular/Generic fibers Natural fibers: Cotton, silk, wool, jute, hamp, ramie, flax Regenerated fibers: Viscose, Lyocell. Synthetic fibers: Nylon, PET, PP, Acrylic. 2. Specialty variants of regular/generic fibers Flame retardant Super absorbent Antimicro bacterial Ultra fine fibers. etc. 3. High tech/high performance fibers : High chemical- and combustion-resistant organic fibres: Nomex, Kevlar High performance inorganic fibres: Glass, Asbestos, Carbon

7. Worldwide Fiber composition in Technical Textiles World over, PSF/PFY and PP based products have maximum application in Technical textile, comprising over 50% of the share, the applications are across product categories and usage Viscose and other cellulosic fibres has 6% share

8. World Technical Textiles Consumption, 2010 Value wise $ 127 bn. 23,774,000 tons Volume wise Sportech although is 6% of the Volume, in Value terms it contributes 15%, Mobiltech is 14% in volume but 24% in value terms in 2010 Packtech is 15% in Volume but contributes 5% in Value terms, similarly hometech is 12% in volume terms but contributes 7% in volume terms

9.  Minimum use of resources (water and energy)  Minimum chemical consumption  Minimum pollution load  Toxic chemicals eliminated from supply chain  Harmful chemical residues eliminated from final textile.

10.  Use of Natural Fabrics, less use of chemicals, Minimum use of resources controlled coloration using Best Available Technology are the key elements in raising the standard of sustainability in the textile supply chain. And also costs for environmental matters should be regarded when pricing. The price, with its function as a central signaling tool must reflect the costs for environment matters and the considerations concerning sustainability. Another important thing is the usage of chemical. The days of using new chemicals without a full idea about the possible harmful effects on use are now over. The issue of sustainability and relevance of environment protection will be taken up ever more strongly and the textile industry cannot wish it away. The implications of such restrictions have to be understood by all, across the supply chain. These challenges will have to be faced and overcome by the industry if sustainability is our ultimate goal.

11.  Garment industry in Srilanka challenges, Rupa Dheerasinghe  Fabrics and Raw materials, a guide by unknown author.  Sustainability in textile processing “Sustainability book from Dystar”  Environmental Protection and sustainability in the textile industry- http://www.drpetry.de/fileadmin/user_upload/petry/pdfs/Sustainability.pdf http://www.drpetry.de/fileadmin/user_upload/petry/pdfs/Sustainability.pdf  Eco-friendly raw material and fiber production are the first links in a sustainable textile manufacturing chain.  Janet Bealer Rodie, Managing Editor- http://www.textileworld.com/Issues/2011/September- October/Features/Fiber_Firsthttp://www.textileworld.com/Issues/2011/September- October/Features/Fiber_First  Bamboo, Wikipedia- en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bamboo ‎  Google Image search- https://www.google.lk/search?q=bamboo&es_sm=93&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ei=P3dTU7zDJ MWIrQe-lYCgCA&ved=0CAgQ_AUoAQ&biw=656&bih=630#q=bamboo+cotton&tbm=isch  http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1964887/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1964887/