1. Review for Islam Test Know Basic Facts on Study Guide
Be able to explain major concepts on Study Guide
Essay Option #1: How has Islam impacted the Middle East?
Essay Option #2: How does the media impact our view of the Middle East?
Mind Map of Terms: Making Connections

2. Background Founded by the Prophet Muhammad
Muhammad was born 570 AD in Mecca, Saudi Arabia
Muslims believe that the archangel Gabriel appeared to Muhammad in his adult life and revealed truths to him about how to live
Monotheism (the belief in one god)
Islam grew out of Judaism and Christianity and shares many of the beliefs of these religions
Two sects-the Sunni and the Shiite/Sh’ia-split after his death over questions of leadership
The word “Islam” is an Arabic word that means both “surrender” and “peace”
The word “Muslim” means “one who submits to Allah (God)”

3. Basic Facts about Islam
God is called Allah
A person who submits to Allah and follows the teachings of Islam is called a Muslim
Islam is the world's second largest religion (behind Christianity)
Over 1.3 billion people follow Islam
More than half of world's Muslims live in South and Southeast Asia
The countries with the largest Muslim populations are Indonesia, India, Bangladesh, and Pakistan.
About one-fourth of all Muslims live in the Middle East.
Several million Muslims live in the United States. 2nd largest religion in US.

4. Judo-Christian-Islamic Tradition
Similarities
Monotheisim
Belief in prophets
Believe in a lineage from Adam and Eve
Belief in the Day of Judgement
Differences
Jews do NOT believe Jesus was the son of God
Christians do NOT believe Muhammad was the final prophet sent by God

5. % of Muslim population 1.6 billion people are Muslim
23.4% of world’s population
20% live in the Middle East and North Africa

6. 5 pillars Duties of Muslims Shahadah (profession of faith)
Salat (prayer)
Zakat (charity)
Ramadan (holy month)
Hajj (pilgrimage)

7. Sources of Authority Quran: God’s word Hadith: Sayings of Muhammad
Sunna: Behaviors of Muhammad
Sharia: Islamic law based on interpretations of the Quran, Hadith and Sunna

8. Hadith Sayings of the Prophet Examples:
“Whoever suppresseth his anger, when he hath in his power to show it, God will give him a great reward.”
“The exercise of religious duties will not atone for the fault of an abusive tongue.”
“Trust in God, but tether your camel”
“The acquisition of knowledge is a duty incumbent on every Muslim, male and female.”
“The ink of the scholar is more holy than the blood of the martyr.”

9. Sunna Examples of the Prophet Examples:
Dress: wear clean, neat clothing – not brightly colored.
The specific method of prayer.
Don’t eat garlic (or other pungent food) when you know you’ll be in a closed space – mosque for example.
Look people in the eyes when you talk to them.
Cover for people’s flaws

10. Jihad
Definition: struggle; a sincere and noticeable effort for righteousness; achieving a higher moral standard
Levels of Jihad:
1. Personal Jihad – varying a bad habit, trying to be a better person in some specific way (90+%)
2. Social Justice – resisting an injustice without fighting like MLK, Gandhi (4%)
3. Just War – to struggle or fight against an injustice (1%) – a last resort

11. Sunni - Shii Sunnis are the majority in most Muslim communities.
Indonesia has the largest number of Sunnis.
Shii are the majority in Iran, Iraq, Bahrain.
Iran has the largest number of Shii.

12. Sunni – Shii populations

13. Women Traditions often based on geography
Burqas, hijabs, and other clothing requirements in some areas and chosen by some Islamic women in other areas
Human rights violations are not approved of by Islam
The Quran supports the equality of men and women