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25th Anniversary of the IBM PC
By Ray Paternostro Jr. New Orleans Personal Computer Club August 2006
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Introduction of the IBM PC
August 12, 1981 Specifications: Intel 8088, 4.77mhz 16mb-64mb CGA video – 640x200 One or two single-sided 180kb floppy drives Five 8-bit ISA slots 83 key keyboard PC-DOS 1.0 by Microsoft
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Early 80s PC Evolution IBM PC-XT, March 1983
Double sided 360k floppy, 10mb hard disk Eight 8-bit ISA slots Intel 4.77 mhz Empty socket for 8087 co-processor 128kb memory PC-DOS 2.0
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Early 80s PC Evolution - clones
Similar specifications to IBM’s models Created by reverse engineering the BIOS Open architecture made this possible Right, top- Columbia Systems PC Right, bottom: Compaq Portable
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Further Evolution IBM PC/AT - August 1984
Intel processer w/ socket for co-processor 512kb RAM 1.2mb floppy 20mb hard drive which had a high failure rate Six 16-bit ISA slots, 2 8-bit EGA video, 640x350 84 AT keyboard w/ LEDs PC-DOS 3.0
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IBM missteps PCjr- 1984-1985 PS/2 line
Targeted at home users; competition from others was fierce Chiclet keyboard Incompatible with many PC applications PS/2 line Microchannel architecture 32-bit based, technically superior to ISA bus Outrageous licensing requirements Introduced PS/2 connectors for keyboard and mouse
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Further Evolution - clones
Compaq Deskpro line Leading Edge Model D Dell Sys325
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Into the 90s Dell Precision 386sx Tandy 1000HX
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Into the 90s, part 2 Compaq Deskpro 486 Gateway 486SX
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Into the 90s, part 3 Standard clone PCs
Two Pentium 90s, a Pentium 75, and a Pentium 150
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Architecture of PC/AT PC-AT motherboard
Advertisement for replacement motherboard
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Architecture of PC AT EGA video Western Digital drive interface
Parallel interface Combo memory w/serial, parallel ports
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Architecture of PC clones
IBM PS/2 motherboard 486 motherboard, AT form factor, VESA Local Bus slots Motherboard with ISA and PCI slots
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Architecture of PC clones
Video cards- MCA, EGA 8-bit, VGA 16-bit, VLB 32-bit VGA VLB controller
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Architecture of PC clones
Configuration of motherboards and peripherals Jumpers vs. dip-switches
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Motherboards today
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Modern Video cards GeForce 6200, PCI-Express form factor
ATI Radeon X700, AGP form factor
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Evolution of portables
Very large and heavy Used full size components, except for the monitor Columbia Systems portable, Compaq portable, Zenith 386
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Evolution of notebooks
IBM 5140 AST 386 Compaq 386 NEC’s first notebook, V30 processor
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Evolution of notebooks
IBM Thinkpad 486 Gateway Handbook 486 Toshiba 486 NEC Pentium
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Evolution of notebooks
Gateway Solo Pentium Dell Latitude Pentium II Gateway Solo Pentium III IBM Thinkpad Pentium M
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PC peripherals - keyboards
IBM PC/AT - 84 IBM PC/XT - 83 IBM Model M - 101 Keytronic – 104 Focus – 107
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PC peripherals - keyboards
Microsoft Natural ergonomic – 1st version PC Concepts SK-6000 with integrated touchpad
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PC peripherals - keyboards
Microsoft Desktop Elite wireless Microsoft Remote for XP MCE
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PC peripherals - keyboards
Gateway Anykey- programmable with macros and key remapping Kinesis Advantage Pro
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PC peripherals- Microsoft mice
Microsoft “Dove bar” mouse Microsoft Intellimouse with scroll wheel Mouse inside Intellimouse Explorer – 1st version
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PC peripherals- Logitech mice
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PC peripherals – hard drives
Interface type - MFM
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PC peripherals – hard drives
IDE – the dominant interface SATA – the future
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Evolution of modems- Hayes
Internal Smartmodem 300 External Smartmodem 300 External Smartmodem 1200 Optima 336
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Evolution of modems- U.S. Robotics
14.4kbps internal ISA 56kbps internal ISA 56kbps internal PCI 9600bps external 33.6kbps external 56kbps external
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Printers – HP Laserjets
Laserjet I Laserjet II Laserjet IID
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Printers – HP Laserjets
Laserjet III Laserjet IIID Laserjet 4 Laserjet 4V
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Printers – HP Laserjets
Laserjet 4si Laserjet 5si
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Printers – HP inkjets Thinkjet – 1984 Deskjet Plus – 1989
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Microsoft Windows Windows 1.0, 1985 Windows 2.0, Nov 1987
Windows 2.03, January 1988
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Microsoft Windows Windows 3.0, November 1990
Windows for Workgroups 3.1, October 1992
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Microsoft Windows Windows for Workgroups 3.11, December 1994
Windows 95, August 1995
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Microsoft Windows Windows 98, June 1998
Windows 98 Second Edition, May 1999 Windows Millenium Edition, September 2000
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Microsoft Windows Windows NT Workstation and Server 4.0, July 1996
Windows 2000 Professional, February 2000
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Microsoft Windows Windows XP Home and Professional, October 2001
XP Service Pack 2, August 2004
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The future Home Theatre PCs HTPC
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The future Small form factor models Based on Mini-ITX form factor
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