1. Redesigning Community Colleges for the New Business Environment
Davis Jenkins
Community College Research Center
Teachers College, Columbia University
Rob Johnstone
National Center for Inquiry and Improvement
NJ Guided Pathways Conference
June 3, Brookdale Community College

2. New Business Environment
State funding cuts  Tuition increases
Federal financial aid leveling off
High school population declining
Pressures to dump dev ed
Increased accountability for outcomes (aka performance funding)
Increased competition (public 4-years, privates, on-line providers)

3. New CC Business Model
Focus on program recruitment and retention rather than course enrollment
Clearly align programs with target career (and further education) requirements
Recruit students into programs and closely monitor their progress
Collaborate with 4-years, employers, K-12 schools  Regional “talent supply chains”

5. Student Pathway Analysis
CONNECTION
From interest to application
ENTRY
From entry to passing program gatekeeper courses
PROGRESS
From program entry to completion of program requirements
COMPLETION
Completion of credential of value for further education and labor market advancement
Complete
Program, Advance to Further Education and in Career
Consider
College
Education
Enter Program of Study

6. Lost in a Maze

7. Dev Ed Sorting System
Source: CCRC

8. Dev Ed Sorting System
Source: CCRC

9. Dev Ed Innovations
Source: TN BOR.

10. Tennessee Dev Ed Co-Requisite Pilot: College Math Pass Rate by ACT
Dev Ed Innovations
Tennessee Dev Ed Co-Requisite Pilot: College Math Pass Rate by ACT
Source: TN BOR

11. Tennessee Dev Ed Co-Requisite Pilot: College Engl Pass Rate by ACT
Dev Ed Innovations
Tennessee Dev Ed Co-Requisite Pilot: College Engl Pass Rate by ACT
Source: TN BOR

12. GENERAL EDUCATION REQUIREMENTS (Select 12 courses from this list of more than 300)

13. Unfulfilled Expectations
~1.5 million new cc students per year
80% intend to earn a bachelor’s
25% transfer to 4-year
in 5 yrs
36% of transfers earn
award before transfer
17% earn BA
6 yrs after transfer
Sources: NCES and NSC.

14. Student Experience of Transfer
Confusion about programs, requirements
Transfer credits count only as electives
Many decide on majors too late
Students take excess credits, lose time and money
Problems
Information inaccurate, inaccessible
Well-meaning but overwhelmed advisors 
Dysfunctional communication within/ among 2- and 4-years
Students blame themselves
Recurring Themes

15. I’m getting tired of school
I’m getting tired of school. I had a plan and thought I was doing everything right, and everyone I talked to [at the school] seemed so sure they were giving me the right information, so I never questioned it because I had no idea what I was doing. But here I am and I’ve probably lost two whole semesters taking classes I didn’t need or that ended up not transferring or counting toward my major. I don’t even want to think about the money I lost because I couldn’t afford to lose it. . . At this point, honestly, I don’t know if I’m ever going to finish. I’m just getting tired. (Source: Kadlec, A., Gupta, J. (2014). Indiana Regional Transfer Study: The Student Experience of Transfer Pathways between Ivy Tech Community College and Indiana University. Report to Indiana University and Ivy Tech Community College. New York, NY: Public Agenda.

16. Pathway Models Compared
Self-Directed (Status Quo)
Guided Pathways
Optional career / college planning
Required plans, exploratory majors
Paths unclear, too many choices
Default, full-program maps
Students not building skills across
curriculum
SLOs aligned with end-goal
requirements
Assessment used to diagnose areas
where support needed
Assessment used to sort students
Pre-requisite remediation focused
on Algebra & English composition
Integrated, contextualized academic
support for program “gateway” courses
Students’ progress not monitored,
limited feedback
Proactive progress tracking, feedback,
support

17. Guided Pathways at Scale
Universities
Community Colleges
Florida State
Univ. of Central Florida
Georgia State
Arizona State
TN State Universities
Florida International
Queensborough (CUNY)
Guttman College(CUNY)
City Colleges of Chicago
Miami Dade College
TN community colleges
St. Petersburg College
Valencia College

18. Start by demonstrating degree search; use keyword accounting

23. Drill down on Financial Examiner career

26. Explain critical tracking system

29. Analytics
Deans and administrators have data to track unit as well as institutional progress.
Monitor: The online tracking system follows students as they progress and notifies advisors and students when a student is not completing critical requirements and is not on track for graduation.

30. Impact: Tracking Overall Student Progress
Cohorts are defined by the academic year that the student enters ASU as a full-time freshman
On Track
Off Track
On track by override
Completed
We continue to improve the process and get students on the right track. Through critical tracking, more than 80% of our students are off to a good start and registered for the right courses.

31. Gains in First-Time Full-Time Freshman Retention Rates

32. Add Mark Stratton, accounting MyASU, then his progress report
Once a student determines they want to sign up for the pathways program, ASU creates a MyASU account for them.

33. The Pathway Tracker tool provides a student with individualized information about how courses taken apply to their pathway requirements.

34. Drive Student Completion and Academic Success
Priority #1
Drive Student Completion and Academic Success
Improve College Readiness
Reduce Time and Cost of Degree Completion
Encourage Early Connection to Careers
Embed Real World Experiences
Strengthen Student Support and Engagement
Launch Personalized Intervention
Stephanie
Source: Lorain County Community College

35. Default Program Maps
T&A Co-chairs (all faculty) held work sessions to identify common courses
Pivot tables used to find common courses among all programs
Gap analysis of LCCC programs with the labor market outlook
Created spreadsheets by program of clustered common courses
Used flip charts to begin flowcharting common courses
Met with Program Coordinators with flowchart info
Changes made based on new info and feedback from coordinators
Student focused approach to changes
Widely accepted by coordinators
75% of coordinator meetings completed – remainder Fall 2015
focus will be on default pathways
Faculty involvement will be paramount
Large # open-ended electives need pared down to a few choices
As meta major narrows down to path, programs coordinators will need to be involved in decisions
From Claudia: Work with program coordinators usually consists of either one-on-one or small group meetings. The way this was approached was: Jan, Steven and I met for a long several hours on February 5th. We reserved a study room in the iLoft Bldg. so we wouldn't be interrupted and could lay out what we perceived as the meta-majors. Preliminary work up to this point was creating a pivot table to find common LCCC courses among all programs, performing a gap analysis of LCCC programs with the labor market outlook and creating spreadsheets by program of clustered common courses. The preliminary work was done over winter break, so we could keep the momentum going. With this material in hand we met with a flip chart and just started creating flowcharts. We tried to also employ knowledge from other success initiatives and put a course in the major in the first semester.
We used these flowcharts as the basis of our discussions with program coordinators. As we chatted with different coordinators and new information and/or corrections were indicated we made those accordingly. So far, the meta-major notion has been widely accepted by coordinators and any adjustments have been with the student's best interests in mind.  We have met with about 3/4 of the coordinators and will finish this task in the fall.
As far as default pathways with the UP. I have only met with Hiram. We will need to bring Dr. Crooks into this more in the fall. The UP partner I met with was Hiram, and although they are willing to accept the choices of humanities and/or a natural science with a lab, they did share some insight and thought this was a good idea. They too are interested in student completion and employment.
Next year will be more with the guided pathways as opposed to the meta-majors. This will take some serious discussion as large open ended electives will need to be pared down to just a few choices. We see faculty involvement as paramount next year. As the meta-major narrows down to a path, those involved in the programs will need to make the decisions.
Source: Lorain County Community College

36. 12 Business Programs
Take any of these 7 courses and they will fit into any of the 12 Business Programs (Majors)
Accounting - AAB
Administrative Office Information Systems - AAB
Business Administration - Entrepreneurship Major - AAB
Business Administration - Financial Services - AAB
Business Administration - Human Resource Management Major - AAB
Business Administration - Management Major - AAB
Business Administration - Marketing Major - AAB
Business Administration -- Supply Chain Management - AAB
Computer Information Systems - Mobile Device Application Development - AAB
Computer Information Systems - Network Communications Technology Major - AAB
Computer Information Systems - Software Development - AAB
Computer Information Systems -- Web Development Major - AAB
ACTG 151
CISS 121
CMMC 151
ENGL 161
ENGL 162
MTHM 151
SDEV 101
Business example – easiest to define
Source: Lorain County Community College

37. A student who wants to try another accounting class can take ACTG 152 and is still on a path that leads into 10 Business Majors
Accounting - AAB
Administrative Office Information Systems - AAB
Business Administration - Entrepreneurship Major - AAB
Business Administration - Financial Services - AAB
Business Administration - Human Resource Management Major - AAB
Business Administration - Management Major - AAB
Business Administration - Marketing Major - AAB
Business Administration -- Supply Chain Management - AAB
Computer Information Systems - Mobile Device Application Development - AAB
Computer Information Systems - Network Communications Technology Major - AAB
Computer Information Systems - Software Development - AAB
Computer Information Systems -- Web Development Major - AAB
ACTG 152
Source: Lorain County Community College

38. Full Accounting Curriculum Guide
The default pathway was modified slightly to fit the accounting program, but still at the end of the 2nd semester, a student can choose 8 different business majors with nothing lost
Accounting - AAB
Administrative Office Information Systems - AAB
Business Administration - Entrepreneurship Major - AAB
Business Administration - Financial Services - AAB
Business Administration - Human Resource Management Major - AAB
Business Administration - Management Major - AAB
Business Administration - Marketing Major - AAB
Business Administration -- Supply Chain Management - AAB
Source: Lorain County Community College

39. Exploratory Majors for Undecided
Transfer and Applied Team identified categories and mapped all programs
Originally 20 but narrowed down to 12
(based on behavioral economics data – Rob Johnstone)
LCCC will brand as Career/Major Interest Areas
Imbed in LCCC on-line application
Reduces choice from 130 to 12
Students who know what they want can select specific major at 1st required Advising appointment
Website redesign that will link ALL pages regarding career and programs to labor market data and these 12 areas
Working out details to launch by September 1
VERY rough concept. It still needs lots and lots of work, but this can be a beginning discussion piece. I still have reservations about whether this should be presented. Let’s discuss.
Currently, other websites do not link programs or curriculum guides succinctly and the exploratory majors are hard to find (example, ASU has a great visual but hard to find and not linked with programs). If we do this right, we will be one of the first. You could get to this information from Academic Programs (or similar name) from any of the main website pages: Home Page, Current Students, Future Students, Education, etc. 
The mock up is in the next few slides…they will launch into a series similar to the mock-up in the attached PowerPoint. I’ve mapped out (so very roughly!) how I envision someone getting to the Associate Degree Nursing Program. (My example shows what they get if they click on the Health Care Career/Major Interest area, although in a complete model, they would also be able to arrive at the same final page by selecting the A-Z list and then one of many options like Nursing, Registered Nursing, Associate Degree Nursing – that list will be extremely inclusive.)
Source: Lorain County Community College

40. Career/Major Interest Areas
Begin with your CAREER in mind…
Business and Entrepreneurship
Communication and Creative Arts
Culinary and Hospitality
Education
Engineering and Manufacturing
Health Care
Human and Social Services
Information Technologies
Sciences
Personal / Professional Development
Public Safety
Sports and Fitness
A-Z List of Programs
[Click on Health Care]

41. Health Care Dental Hygiene Medical Assisting Physical Therapist Asst.
Many of today’s hottest careers are in the healthcare field, with career opportunities and personal satisfaction unmatched by other professions.
Lorain County Community College’s nursing program gets highest accreditation rating – The Morning Journal, April 2015
[Click to read the article]
Nursing
Clinical Lab Science
Dental Hygiene
Diagnostic Medical Sonography
Medical Assisting
Physical Therapist Asst.
Radiologic Technology
Respiratory Care
Sports and Fitness
[Click on Nursing]

42. Nursing Paramedic to RN University Partnership
LCCC nursing programs provide an exceptional instructional, laboratory and clinical experience to prepare graduates for a career in nursing or to help working nurses advance in their career.
“As a nurse, we have the opportunity to heal the heart, mind, soul and body of our patients, their families and ourselves. They may not remember your name but they will never forget the way you made them feel.” ~Maya Angelou
Associate Degree Nursing (RN)
LPN to RN (Access in Nursing)
Paramedic to RN
Practical Nursing
University Partnership
Bachelor of Science in Nursing
Master of Science in Nursing
[Click on Associate Degree Nursing]

43. Admission Requirements
Associate Degree Nursing
Become a Registered Nurse (list job titles for someone who earns this specific credential)
Employment of registered nurses is projected to grow 19 percent from 2012 to 2022, faster than the average for all occupations. – Bureau of Labor Statistics
Career Information
Curriculum Guide
Video
Course Descriptions
Admission Requirements
Image
Apply
Schedule a Visit
Live Chat

44. Required Plans Tied to Predictable Schedules
Piloting block scheduling with SAIL Project (CUNY ASAP Replication with MDRC and OBOR)
Partnering with Ad Astra and Platinum Analytics to be more strategic about scheduling from the student success lens
eMyCAP provides individualized career and academic plans and help identify courses needed going forward
Source: Lorain County Community College

45. Career Advantage for Students
Importance of selecting a major to ensure that students maximize their time and efforts and meet their objectives
1. Clarify Career Goal
Provide students with immediate experience with selected program to engage them more fully beginning with their first semester and continuing through their certificate or degree completion. Include work-based learning opportunities.
2. Apply career goal to educational program
Work proactively with students by major to provide enhanced job placement opportunities that meet the students’ career goals.
3. Place graduates in careers
Source: Lorain County Community College

46. Career Services: An Opportunity At All Points of the Loss – Momentum Framework
CONNECTION
Interest to Application
ENTRY
Enrollment to Completion of
Gatekeeper Courses
PROGRESS
Entry into Course of Study to 75% Requirements Completed
COMPLETION
Complete Course of Study to
Credential with Labor Market Value
POTENTIAL
STUDENTS
Leverage results of Noel Levitz CSI to identify undecided students
Team approach with Student Success Coaches, Advisors, Academic Counselors, & Career Specialists at the front end
Follow up to ensure on correct path
Referral to more in-depth career coaching, as needed
Redesigning admission process from major selection to Career Interest Areas (from 106 choices to 15)
Experiential educational opportunities available to help in career decision
Curriculum Council Approved Experiential Education in all programs of study 11/14
Received second 2-year Ohio Means Internship and Co-op (OMIC) grant in 2014 – 26 new internship placements since July 2014
Service Learning offerings in every Division
Annual Job Fair and Internship Fair
VIP program prepares students for Job Fair by assisting them with resume building and interviewing skills
TRANSFER
AA/AS
UNIVERSITY/
COLLEGE
PARTNERS
JOB & CAREER
AAS
INDUSTRY PARTNERS
Stronger Connection between Career Services and Enrollment Services
Robust Career Decision tools: MyPlan, Career Coach and OhioMeansJobs.com
Embedded into SDEV course outcomes
Career Week, March 3-7: Career exploration activities, workshops, faculty presentations, and employer tours
Source: Lorain County Community College

47. Earn bachelor’s degree by age 20 to prepare for Careers in High-Demand, Well-Paying Jobs
Pathways to University Partnership Bachelor’s Degrees
Business Administration 3+1
Computer Science and Engineering
Psychology 3+1
Education
Biology 3+1
Accounting 3+1
IT 3+1
After earning the Associates Degree students continues at LCCC for 13th year – in most cases as part of the 3+1 at LCCC rates – or in many cases with their LCCC Foundation Scholarship (Trustee, Presidential, DIA)
Year 14 is with the University Partner at their rates, however, UP Inspiration Award, partners often have scholarships (i.e. UA’s PTK award is $1,000)
Point is there are ways to make this even more affordable than we’ve promised.
These are the 7 that Dr. Crooks, Assoc Provost UP
Accounting -- very close to being 3+1
Of course, we will be working on other UP degrees that are coming on board to create these pathways
Source: Lorain County Community College

48. Freshman = 6 college credits + HS courses
Earn an Associate’s Degree and High School Diploma simultaneously – But Flexible
to Join When Ready
Freshman = 6 college credits + HS courses
Sophomore = 7 college credits + HS courses
Junior = 30 college credits + (1 or 2) HS courses
Senior = 34 college credits (16-18 each semester with the remainder of HS requirements met through college coursework)
Ease into to College
Learn what it takes to be successful in college courses
Ratchet up the college experiences as student builds success and begins to define career and academic goals.
Source: Lorain County Community College

49. College & Career Readiness
Associate of Arts / Science
@ HS Campus
9th Grade
HS CU Credit
HS Course
LCCC Course
College Credit 1
English 9 1 
Algebra I or Geometry
Physical Science 
College & Career Readiness
SDEV 102: Strategies for College Success
CISS 121: Microcomputer Applications 3
Foreign Language
Elective/Open 8 6
10th Grade 1 
English 10
Geometry or Alg. II 1
Biology or Chemistry
Social Studies II
HSTR 161: US History I
HSTR 162: US History II 3 .5
.25
Health
Physical Education
Foreign Language
Elective
7.75 6
Tremendous amount of flexibility here
These are just samples
Can and will be individualized for each school building on the needs and strengths of each district

50. Economics/Personal Finance
Associate of Arts/Science
@ HS Campus
11th Grade
HS Credit
HS Course
LCCC Course
College Credit 1
English 11
ENGL 161 & 162: College Composition I & II 3
Alg. II or Pre Calculus
MTHM 171: College Algebra
MTHM 172: Precalculus 4
Chemistry
CHMY 161 & 162
General, Organic & Biochemistry I & II
Social Studies 3
PLSC 156: American National Govt.
PLSC 151: Comparative Politics 1 
Economics/Personal Finance
Foreign Language 10 27
12th Grade 1
English 4
ENGL 255: Intro to Fiction
HUMS 151: Intro to Humanities 3 1 
Math 4
MTHM 181: Calculus
MTHM 168: Statistics 5
Advanced Science
BIOG 161 & 162 or
PHYC 151 & 152
4/5 1 
Social Studies
 PSYC 151 and SOCI 151
ECON 151/ (choose 2)
Foreign Language
Elective/Science
PHLY 165: Bioethics or Science 10
31/33
Tremendous amount of flexibility here
These are just samples
Can and will be individualized for each school building on the needs and strengths of each district

51. Save 80% of the cost 79% 84% 85% 83% 81% Savings! College/University
University Costs 4 Years
With Room & Board
Bachelor’s Degree Completion Cost through MyUniversity
Savings!
Ashland University
B.S. in Education
$157,416
$32,798
79%
Bowling Green State University
B.S. in Biology
$75,400
$11,745
84%
Cleveland State University
B.A. in Psychology
$85,227
$12,525
85%
Hiram College
B.A. in Accounting & Fin. Mgmt
$160,600
$24,554
Kent State University
Bachelor of Bus. Admin.
$77,408
$12,893
83%
University of Akron
B.S. in Sport Studies
$80,578
$12,811
University of Toledo
B.S. in Computer Science & Eng.
$83,177
$15,726
81%
Percent savings based on Bachelor’s Degree with LCCC’s MyUniversity Guarantee versus all 4 years at the university rates and incurring room & board.
Clearly quite a significant savings at a time when the average debt for a graduate of 4 year universities is nearing $30,000 in Ohio with many well beyond the average.
** LCCC’s in county tuition is $3,077 per year for a full-time student
Percent savings based on Bachelor’s Degree with LCCC’s MyUniversity Guarantee versus all 4 years at the university rates and incurring room & board.

52. GPS Design Principles
Require students to explore careers, set goals and develop academic plans from the start
Simplify their choices with default roadmaps
Redesign intake with goal of helping students choose and successfully enter a POS
Assess learning and improve teaching across programs, not just courses
Monitor students’ progress, giving frequent feedback and support as needed

53. For more information Please visit us on the web at
where you can download presentations, reports,
and briefs, and sign-up for news announcements.
We’re also on Facebook and Twitter.
Community College Research Center Institute on Education and the Economy, Teachers College, Columbia University 525 West 120th Street, Box 174, New York, NY Telephone:

54. Top 10 Frequently Asked Questions About Redesigning Colleges to Improve Completion

55. Top 10 FAQs - Redesigning for Completion
Won’t we lose enrollment when we get rid of the swirl with increased structure?
Isn’t college a meritocracy, where the strong / smart succeed, and the weak / underprepared / unmotivated don’t succeed?

56. Top 10 FAQs - Redesigning for Completion
Isn’t free choice the cornerstone of American higher education?
Don’t students benefit when they “find themselves” by what looks like wandering to the observer?

57. Top 10 FAQs - Redesigning for Completion
Aren’t we going to sacrifice quality when move to more structured pathways?
Don’t we lose a liberal arts education when we make things more structured?
Isn’t all of this “hand-holding” going to create graduates that can’t navigate the workplace and the “real world”?

58. Top 10 FAQs - Redesigning for Completion
How can students be expected to make career decisions when they are 18 or 19?
Don’t students change careers four to seven times? Given this, why would we put them on structured pathways?
Won’t faculty lose control over what is taught in their discipline?