1. Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Fundamentals of Anatomy & Physiology SIXTH EDITION Chapter 8, part 1 The Appendicular Skeleton

2. Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Learning Objectives Identify the bones of the pectoral girdle and upper limbs, their functions and their features. Identify the bones of the pelvic girdle and lower limbs, their functions and their features. Compare the male and female pelvic structure. Explain how the skeleton can reveal significant information about the individual. Compare male and female skeletons. Describe the effect of aging on the skeleton.

3. Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings SECTION 8-1 The Pectoral Girdle and Upper Limbs

4. Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Upper and lower limbs Pectoral and pelvic girdle The Appendicular Skeleton

5. Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Figure 8.1 The Appendicular Skeleton Figure 8.1

6. Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Articulates the upper limbs with the trunk Consists of clavicle and scapula Pectoral girdle (shoulder girdle)

7. Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Position the shoulder joint Help move the upper limb Provide a base for muscle attachment Clavicle and scapula

8. Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Figure 8.2 Figure 8.2 The Clavicle

9. Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Scapula markings are attachment sites for tendons/ligaments of shoulder joint Coracoid process Acromion

10. Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Figure 8.3 The Scapula Figure 8.3 Animation: Interaction between the pectoral girdle and the proximal bone of the arm PLAY

11. Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Scapula articulates with the humerus at the glenohumoral joint Greater and lesser tubercles are muscle attachment sites The upper limbs

12. Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Figure 8.4 The Humerus Figure 8.4

13. Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Humerus Articulates with radius and ulna Elbow joint

14. Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Figure 8.5 The Radius and Ulna Figure 8.5

15. Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Carpus forms wrist Two rows of short bones Distal row articulates with metacarpals Four fingers have three phalanges Pollex (thumb) has two Carpal bones and hand

16. Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Figure 8.6 Bones of the Wrist and Hand Figure 8.6