1. © PDST Home Economics Heating and Insulation

2. Methods of Heating Central heating: heat created by burning fuel (solid, oil, gas) in a boiler in a central location and delivered to the rest of the house by heating and circulating hot water through radiators. House kept @ 16-20 ⁰ C. Hot water provided as well. Partial or background heating: electric storage heaters using off-peak electricity provide gentle background heat but some rooms e.g. living room, will need another heat source Individual heaters: each room has its own source of heat e.g. Open fire, stove, portable gas heater, electric fan heater, oil filled radiator.

3. Methods of Heating C e n t r a l B a c k g r o u n d I n d i v i d u a l

4. Heating methods Advantages Disadvantages Quick Efficient i.e. no waste Clean Easy to use Pleasant No storage needed Heats water No fumes or ashes Easy to regulate Portable Cheaper to run Modern features e.g. timer Dries the air No hot water Dangerous Storage needed Gives off fumes Not cosy Lots of work Dirty Not portable Causes pollution Not easy to control

5. Insulation Heat is lost from a house through walls, roof, windows, doors and floors. Good insulation can stop 75% of this heat loss. Insulation is made from materials that are bad conductors of heat e.g. still air, wool, polystyrene.

6. Good Insulation Keeps house warmer Saves money on heating bills Saves the environment by using less energy Sound proofs the house

7. Types of insulation - walls  Cavity  Polystyrene sheets

8. Types of insulation – attic/roof Felt Wool Fibreglass Polystyrene pellets

9. Types of insulation – windows and doors Double glazing Draught Excluders Heavy lined curtains

10. Insulation for floors Polystyrene sheets Carpets Underlay

11. Hot Water Cylinder Lagging jacket