1. Server Side Programming Web Information Systems 2012

2. What has been taught until now ? HTML? CSS? Web Server? Do you know – Java ? – Using APIs and Libraries ?

3. What are web servers Hardware or software – Helps deliver the web content that can be accessed through internet (Wikipedia) Web Server File System Request Response Read Static Files Read Static Files

4. Some Web Servers History – CERN httpd Apache – 60% – Open source – Linux, Windows, Mac IIS -- Internet Information Service – Microsoft – Windows Mostly installed automatically Generally run on Windows Server edition High Performance Nginx Lighttpd – Both normally used as forward and reverse Proxy

5. Apache Download Packages – LAMP -- http://www.lamphowto.com/http://www.lamphowto.com/ – WAMP -- http://www.wampserver.com/en/http://www.wampserver.com/en/ – MAMP -- http://sawmac.com/mamp/http://sawmac.com/mamp/ Apache Installation – Ubuntu – sudo apt-get install apache2/Synaptic Package manager – Windows and Mac – Download Apache http://httpd.apache.org/download.cgi

6. Why Dynamic Web Pages ? Examples?

7. Friends Likes and Comments Friends Updates Facebook

8. Forms with Values to input

9. Dynamic Web Pages Web Server Script Request Response DB

10. Email already registered

11. HTML Forms Pass Data to the server – Text fields, check box, radio button, submit button etc. For More – http://www.w3.org/TR/html401/interact/forms.ht ml http://www.w3.org/TR/html401/interact/forms.ht ml

12. Example

13. HTTP Methods Get – Data encoded in the URL – For idempotent data No changes are done except on the users screen Basically for retrieving data Post – Data goes with the message body – Changes the state Adds or deletes data at the server – Cannot backtrack the history because the URL will be the same

14. Technologies CGI Servlets – Need to know Java JSP Php

15. CGI Common Gateway Interface (CGI) – Runs a scripts for every request – New process Drawbacks – Scalability Issues – Fast CGI

16. Servlets Java Programming Class used to extend the capabilities of server that host applications accessed via a request-response programming model. Java Technology’s answer to CGI. Advantages of Java? Needs a servlet container

17. Servlet Container Component of a web server that interacts with the Servlets – Manages the Lifecycle of a servlet – Mapping URL to appropriate servlets – Security, concurrency, deployment etc. Examples – Apache Tomcat (opensource) – Jboss (opensource) – IBM Websphere

18. Tomcat Installation Follow – http://tomcat.apache.org/tomcat-7.0- doc/appdev/installation.html http://tomcat.apache.org/tomcat-7.0- doc/appdev/installation.html Eclipse + Tomcat – http://www.coreservlets.com/Apache-Tomcat- Tutorial/tomcat-7-with-eclipse.html http://www.coreservlets.com/Apache-Tomcat- Tutorial/tomcat-7-with-eclipse.html

19. Plain HTML Text Servlet package testPackage; // Always use packages. import java.io.*; import javax.servlet.*; import javax.servlet.annotation.*; import javax.servlet.http.*; @WebServlet("/hello") public class HelloWorld extends HttpServlet { @Override public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException { PrintWriter out = response.getWriter(); out.println("Hello World"); }

20. Interpreting the Servlet @WebServlet("/address”) – This is the URL relative to the app name doGet – Code for an HTTP GET request. doPost also common. HttpServletRequest, HttpServletResponse – Contains anything that comes from the browser – Send Stuff back to the browser @Override

21. Generates HTML.....

22. Servlet that generates HTML @WebServlet("/test1") public class TestServlet extends HttpServlet { public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException { response.setContentType("text/html"); PrintWriter out = response.getWriter(); out.println (" \n" +" \n" + " A Test Servlet \n" + " \n" + " Test \n" + " Simple servlet for testing. \n" + " "); }

23. Handling forms

24. Servlet LifeCycle init – Executed once when the servlet is loaded service – Called in a new thread by server for each request. – Dispatches to doGet, doPost, etc. – Do not override this method! doGet, doPost, doBlah – Handles GET, POST, etc. requests. – Override these to provide desired behavior. destroy – Called when server deletes servlet instance. – Not called after each request.

25. Modifying web.xml TestServlet Print Text testPackage.TestServlet param1 value1 TestServlet /test2 Passing parameters Custom URLs

26. Php General purpose server-side scripting language originally designed for web development to produce dynamic web pages Hypertext Preprocessor Dynamically Typed Language

27. Php – Hello World Embed PHP script into an HTML file Upload the file onto a Web server using extension.php (Apache) Embed using the following delimiters – –... –

28. Php – Hello World <?php echo "Hello World"; ?> Delimiters – seperates PHP to non-PHP code Delimiters – seperates PHP to non-PHP code

29. Php Applications Wide range of applications (similar to CGI) – Forms handling, etc. Wide range of PHP libraries – Network connectivity (e.g. access FTP, IMAP, SMTP, etc – Database connectivity (e.g. MySQL, dBase, Oracle, etc.) – XML/XSLT manipulation – Image manipulation

30. GET – POST Access form fields through PHP array – $HTTP_POST_VARS for POST method – $HTTP_GET_VARS for GET method – $_POST for POST method (>=PHP4.1.0) – $_GET for GET method (>=PHP4.1.0) $name = $_POST["name"]; $name = $_GET["name"]; Similar to request.getParameter(“name”) in doPost/doGet in Servlets.

31. Handling Forms A Test Php <?php $maximum = $_GET["max"]; for($i=0; $i<=$maximum ; $i=$i+2){ echo " $i "; } ?>

33. Friends Likes and Comments Friends Updates Partial Changes

34. JSON, XML Handling Change the content type Construct a Json/XML Pass it as it is done for plain text or html More about this in the next class. Might be a part of the assignment

35. References Common – http://coronet.iicm.edu/lectures/mmis/material/s lides_serverside_main.pdf http://coronet.iicm.edu/lectures/mmis/material/s lides_serverside_main.pdf Servlets – http://courses.coreservlets.com/Course- Materials/pdf/csajsp2/02-Servlet-Basics.pdf http://courses.coreservlets.com/Course- Materials/pdf/csajsp2/02-Servlet-Basics.pdf Php – http://www.php.net/ http://www.php.net/ – http://www.w3schools.com/php/ http://www.w3schools.com/php/