1. sexually transmitted infections (STI’s)
Lesson Objectives
Describe the symptoms of common STI’s and to understand how to protect against them
To produce a presentation using information from the last two lessons about risks young people face.

2. Can you think of any STIs?
Thrush
Hepatitis
Chlamydia
HIV
AIDS
Herpes
Gonorrhoea
Genital Warts
Syphilis

3. Infections passed from person to person through sexual contact
What are STIs?
Infections passed from person to person through sexual contact
Some can be cured e.g. Chlamydia
Some more serious diseases cannot e.g. AIDS
There are over 25 different known STIs!

4. Protection against STIs
Abstinence
The only sure way not to catch an STI
Use a condom during sexual activity
Prevents the transmission of bodily fluid
Only protects the skin it covers, sores/warts not covered can still spread through skin contact
Have regular check ups at the local family planning or GUM (Genito urinary medicine) clinic
Even if you do not think you have an infection – remember many infections do not appear to have symptoms!

6. STI statistics for England, Wales and Northern Ireland
Year
Syphilis
Gonorrhoea
Chlamydia
Herpes
Warts
1995
136
10,186
30,794
15,645
55,608
1996
122
12,140
34,136
15,915
59,216
1997
151
12,656
40,583
15,766
63,554
1998
132
12,829
46,155
16,421
64,925
1999
215
15,974
53,783
16,581
66,439
2000
327
21,131
64,800
16,944
66,144
2001
736
22,997
71,967
17,876
68,019
2002
1232
25,065
82,558
18,432
69,569
2003
1580
24,157
89,431
17,932
70,665
Is this what real love looks like?

7. Chlamydia trachomatis
Chlamydia – the facts
Caused by Bacteria Chlamydia trachomatis
Incidence
The most commonly diagnosed STI in the UK
Symptoms
Women – vaginal discharge, abdominal pain, pain on passing urine
Men – discharge from the penis, testicular inflammation, irritation of the penis
Transmission
Via vaginal, anal and oral sex
Chlamydia trachomatis

8. Genital Herpes Caused by Herpes Simplex Virus Incidence
Increased by 33% between 1997 – 2006 in the UK
Symptoms
Symptoms can occur 26 days after exposure and include
itching/tingling in the genital or anal area
small fluid-filled blisters and painful sores
pain when passing urine
a flu-like illness
Transmission
Skin to skin contact

9. Genital warts Causes Symptoms
Warts are caused by a virus and are spread through skin-to-skin contact.
They can be passed on during vaginal, anal or oral sex
Symptoms
You might notice small, fleshy growths, bumps anywhere in the genital or anal area.
itch and cause inflammation

10. Gonorrhoea Caused by Bacterium Neisseria gonorrhoeae Incidence
Increased by 46% between 1997 and 2006 in the UK
Symptoms
About half of all women infected with gonorrhoea, and over 90% of men experience symptoms
Can affect the genitals, anus, rectum and throat with symptoms including
a thin, watery discharge from the vagina or tip of the penis that can appear yellow or green, and pain when urinating
Transmission
Sexual intercourse

11. Thrush Caused by Fungus of the species Candida Incidence
Increased by 46% between 1997 and 2006
Symptoms
Women
vaginal discharge and or itching
pain, or discomfort, during sexual intercourse
pain, or discomfort, during urination
Men
Discharge from and inflammation of the penis
Pain while passing urine
Small red spots on the tip of the penis

12. Pubic lice
Pubic lice are tiny insects that live in the pubic hair region or under the arms.
Pubic lice are usually acquired through sexual contact but can occasionally be transferred by close physical contact or by sharing sheets or towels.
Special shampoo or lotion can treat the lice

13. STI Misconceptions
If I only engage in oral sex, I can't contract a sexually transmitted infection
The Truth STIs can be transmitted through oral sex, vaginal sex, anal sex
If I have an STI, I will recognize the symptoms immediately
The Truth In most women (and some men), there are often virtually NO symptoms of STIs. Not only can a partner not tell if a woman or man has an STI, the person with the STI often does not know.
I am not promiscuous and neither are the people I hang out with…it's unlikely that the people I would sleep with would be carrying something
The Truth Contracting STIs has nothing to do with cleanliness or grooming. Contracting an STI has everything to do with being intimate with someone who is already infected.
The more partners you have or have had, the greater your chances of having an STI. The more partners your partner has or has had, the greater your partner's chances of having a STI.

14. The rest of the class must diagnose and offer test and treatment
A role play example
Patient 1: Comes to the doctor with discharge and pain when urinating
Doctor: Well that sounds like you have a sexually transmitted infection. Are you sexually active?
Patient 1: Yes and I did have sex without a condom
Doctor: Well many sexually transmitted infections have similar symptoms – burning when urinating and discharge – so we’ll have to figure out what you might have…
The rest of the class must diagnose and offer test and treatment

15. Role play example
Patient 2: Comes to the doctor with itching and a rash
Doctor: Well that sounds like you have a sexually transmitted infection. Are you sexually active?
Patient 2: Yes and I did have sex without a condom
Doctor: Well many sexually transmitted infections have similar symptoms – itching and a rash – so we’ll have to figure out what you might have…

16. Impact of STIs
Working in pairs, ask students to think about the impact of STIs on the individual, the family and the community.

17. Quick Quiz Name 3 STIs Name 2 places you can be treated for STIs
What is the most common STI in Britain?
Name 3 ways to stop yourself getting an STI?
Name 3 common symptoms of STIs
Name 2 STIs that can have no symptoms

18. Match up the STI with the statements
Causes a rash
5 out of 6 cases have no symptoms
Also known as crabs
May go away untreated after 6 months
Most common STI in young men and women
Has 2 types – one affecting the mouth and one affecting the genitals
Chlamydia
Genital Warts
Herpes
Gonorrhoea
Syphilis
Pubic Lice

19. Answers Chlamydia Genital Warts Herpes Gonorrhoea Syphilis Pubic Lice
Causes a rash (5)
5 out of 6 cases have no symptoms (4)
Also known as crabs (6)
May go away untreated after 6 months (2)
Most common STI in young men and women (1)
Has 2 types – one affecting the mouth and one affecting the genitals (3)

20. Your Presentation must include information on the following
Your task
To produce a presentation about the risks young people take. This presentation must include information on where young people can get advice.
Your Presentation must include information on the following
Drugs – risks, impact on the individual, family and community, treatments.
Alcohol – risks, effects, where to go for help.
Unsafe sex - risks, effects, where to go for help