1. ICAO Aerodrome Safety Workshop Almaty, Kazakhstan – 18 to 22 November 2002 ICAO Annex 14 Implementation

2. Aerodrome Safety Workshop - Almaty, Kazakhstan - 18 to 22 November 20022 Contents of presentation QAerodrome Triangle Model QThe philosophy behind ICAO Annex 14 requirements QDifferent responsibilities QSome thoughts about “engineering driven Christmas trees” QCreative solutions for problem areas QSummary

3. Aerodrome Safety Workshop - Almaty, Kazakhstan - 18 to 22 November 20023 Safety is everybody's responsibility

4. Aerodrome Safety Workshop - Almaty, Kazakhstan - 18 to 22 November 20024 Aerodrome triangle Aerodrome operator Air Traffic Controller Pilot

5. Aerodrome Safety Workshop - Almaty, Kazakhstan - 18 to 22 November 20025 ICAO Annex 14 requirements (1) Runway Road Taxiway penetration

6. Aerodrome Safety Workshop - Almaty, Kazakhstan - 18 to 22 November 20026 ICAO Annex 14 requirements (2) QRWY markings QTWY markings QTWY: - Taxi holding position markings - Signs - Stop bars - RWY guard lights QRoad: - Holding position markings - Signs - Lights

7. Aerodrome Safety Workshop - Almaty, Kazakhstan - 18 to 22 November 20027 Responsibilities of the aerodrome operator QTo comply with ICAO Standards and Recommended Practices (SARPS) QTo have competent operational and maintenance personnel QTo execute proper maintenance QTo instruct vehicle drivers QTo have a Safety Management System (SMS) QTo ensure that ATC receives all relevant information about the status of systems

8. Aerodrome Safety Workshop - Almaty, Kazakhstan - 18 to 22 November 20028 Responsibilities of the Air Traffic Controller QTo operate the SMGCS to provide for the safety and expedition of the movements of aircraft and vehicles on the movement areas QTo give clear and concise instructions to pilots and vehicle drivers QTo not use abbreviations QTo use the English language when required QTo use the aerodrome systems as designed QNot give the message: “Please ignore the red” when stop bars are switched on

9. Aerodrome Safety Workshop - Almaty, Kazakhstan - 18 to 22 November 20029 Responsibilities of the pilot QThe pilot-in-command is ultimately responsible for safety of the aircraft QTo follow the instructions from ATC QTo use the aerodrome systems as designed QTo have knowledge of the meaning of these aerodrome systems QTo have adequate training QTo never cross a red stop bar

10. Aerodrome Safety Workshop - Almaty, Kazakhstan - 18 to 22 November 200210 “Engineering Christmas Trees” QTo resolve the RWY incursion issue, often engineering driven solutions are proposed QStep zero is often forgotten: i.e. the basis: implementation of the ICAO Annex 14 requirements QWithout step zero the system/triangle can never be in balance QTry to resolve the issues by being creative, but stay within the ICAO framework

11. Aerodrome Safety Workshop - Almaty, Kazakhstan - 18 to 22 November 200211 Example of a creative solution Mandatory Instruction Sign with a Location Sign 06-24 Sign according to ICAO Annex 14 B

12. Aerodrome Safety Workshop - Almaty, Kazakhstan - 18 to 22 November 200212 Example of an incorrect solution Mandatory Instruction Sign RWY ahead Sign not according to ICAO provisions 

13. Aerodrome Safety Workshop - Almaty, Kazakhstan - 18 to 22 November 200213 Summary QThe triangle must be in balance QThe consideration of responsibilities within the operation of (A)SMGCS is a major factor in the prevention of runway incursions QThe requirements of ICAO Annex 14 designed to prevent runway incursions must be implemented as the first step QThe second step of improvement can be found in looking to the issue of human factors and fall-back systems