1. Shaft Alignment
Nizwa College of Technology

2. Shaft Alignment each other to within a tolerated margin.
Shaft alignment is the process to align two or more shafts with
each other to within a tolerated margin.
Shaft in Alignment
Types
Parallel or Lateral misalignment
Angular misalignment
Combined Angular and Lateral misalignment
Combined Angular and
Lateral misalignment
Parallel or Lateral misalignment
Angular misalignment

3. Disadvantages of Misaligned shafts
When shafts are misaligned, forces are generated.
These forces are resulted in Vibration, noise, bearing damage, shaft damage, coupling damage and Looseness.
In extreme cases the bending stresses applied to the shaft will cause the shaft to fracture and break.

4. Shaft Aligning Techniques
Shaft alignment by conventional method
Shaft alignment by Dial Test Indicator (DTI)
Shaft alignment by Using LASER Equipment
Shaft alignment by using computer.

5. Shaft Aligning procedure
Preliminary Checks
Visually check coupling, pipe hangers, base bolts, coupling
spacing etc.
Check for coupling & shaft run out.
Sag Check
Clamp the brackets on a sturdy piece of pipe
Zero both indicators on top, and then rotate to the bottom.
The difference between the top and bottom reading is the sag
Each time alignment reading is taken then the sag must be
accounted for subtracting

6. Shaft alignment by Dial Test Indicator (DTI)
Horizontal Alignment (Parallel)
Pump
Motor
Aligning the shaft's centerlines from side to side
The indicators are zeroed on the left and read at the right
Make sure that you always view the DTI from pump side
There is no sag compensation on the horizontal move
Record the indicator reading and move the motor to the required
distance for horizontal alignment.

7. Shaft alignment by Dial Test Indicator (DTI)
Vertical Alignment (Angular)
Pump
Motor
The indicators are zeroed on the top and read at the bottom
Record the indicator reading and consider the sag compensation by
subtracting it from the recorded reading
Move the motor to the required distance for vertical alignment by
adding shims in place
Tighten all bolts and take and check the readings
If the readings are within tolerance than the equipment is aligned

8. Principle of Alignment (DTI)
Arrangement of DTI in Alignment
Vertical
(Angular)
Horizontal (Parallel)

9. Shaft alignment by Using LASER Equipment
Lay out of Laser Alignment
Parallel or Lateral misalignment
Angular misalignment

10. Shaft alignment by Using LASER Equipment
Measuring head 1
Measuring head 2
Display unit

11. General lay out of LASER Alignment Technique
Laser beam on the measuring head
General Lay out

12. Alignment procedure (LASER)
Vertical Alignment

13. Alignment procedure (LASER)
Horizontal Alignment

14. Alignment procedure Aligning Motor to Pump LASER Aligning Display Unit
Reading Shows Angular & Parallel Deviation

15. Aligning of Equipments
Aligning Engine to Alternator
Aligning Motor to gear box