1. Mexican activities with regard to TEMPO Michel Grutter, Josue Arellano, Alejandro Bezanilla, Martina Friedrich, Arne Kruger, Claudia Rivera and Wolfgang Stremme Centro de Ciencias de la Atmósfera – UNAM Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México www.atmosfera.unam.mx/espectroscopia grutter@unam.mx 3rd Tempo Science Team Meeting May 27-28, 2015 Huntsville, Alabama

2. Activities INECC-SEMARNAT (Ministry of the Environment): Memorandum of Understanding CONACYT project grant 2015-2016: “Temporal and Spatial Variability of CO 2 and CH 4 in Mexico” AEM-SCT (Mexican Space Agency) Call for proposals for the “...use of space technology to assess polllution and environmental risks” UNAM (my group): Validation efforts of NO 2 and HCHO from OMI (ongoing) Participation in TROPOMI (S5P Validation Team) Comparison with an air quality model

3. High Altitude site Altzomoni Solar absorption FTIR (HR120/5) MAX-DOAS (NO 2, SO 2, HCHO,...) DS-DOAS, 2D-DOAS Thermal emission FTIR (2D) Ceilometer (commercial LIDAR) GPS (precipitable water column) Meteorology (WS, WD, T, P, RH, Rain) Reactive Gases (O 3, CO, NOx, SO 2 ) GHG (CO 2, CH 4, H 2 O) PM, Black Carbon Wet/Dry deposition (Chem/Isotope) Remote Sensing In Situ 3,985 m a.s.l. 2 FTIR sites in central Mexico Urban site at UNAM 2,280 m a.s.l.  O 3, CO, CH 4, CO 2, N 2 O,... NDACC certified station

4. MAX DOAS network Mexico City 10 km 45 km west east

5. MAX DOAS network Mexico City 10 km 45 km west east

6. MAX DOAS network Mexico City 10 km 45 km west east

7. MAX DOAS network Mexico City 10 km 45 km 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 (2 x 2 x 9) angles + zenith 1 scan ~ 5 min

8. MAX DOAS network Mexico City – OMI NO 2 10 km 45 km 2.0 1.0 0.5 0 1.5 ~ 14:20 (2 x 2 x 9) angles + zenith 1 scan ~ 5 min horizontal homogenity? Claudia I. Rivera C. et al 2013 Avg-NO 2 distribution OMI satellite OMI NO 2 map 

9. MAX DOAS network Mexico City – OMI NO 2 10 km 45 km 2.0 1.0 0.5 0 1.5 ~ 14:20 (2 x 2 x 9) angles + zenith 1 scan ~ 5 min resolved structure λ/ nm σ / cm 2 horizontal homogenity? Claudia I. Rivera C. et al 2013 Avg-NO 2 distribution OMI satellite OMI NO 2 map 

10. From measured spectra to profiles wavelength intensity spectradSCDprofiles / VCD

11. MMF retrieval algorithm O4 dSCD O4 dSCD Radiative Transfer Model VLIDORT Radiative Transfer Model VLIDORT DOAS Technique QDOAS DOAS Technique QDOAS Aerosol density profile sim. O4 jacobians Target gas profiles Const. Least sq. fitting Radiative Transfer Model VLIDORT Radiative Transfer Model VLIDORT P, T-profiles radiosounde measurements P, T-profiles radiosounde measurements sim. target gas dSCD sim. target gas dSCD A priori trace gas profile WRF-chem model A priori trace gas profile WRF-chem model A priori total column aerosol optical depth http://aeronet.gsfc.nasa.gov/ A priori total column aerosol optical depth http://aeronet.gsfc.nasa.gov/ iteration A priori aerosol profile shape averaged ceilometer measurements A priori aerosol profile shape averaged ceilometer measurements Const. Least sq. fitting O 4 profile A priori aerosol profile average aerosol ω and β http://aeronet.gsfc.nasa.gov/ average aerosol ω and β http://aeronet.gsfc.nasa.gov/ O4 error  O4 error  trace gas σ sim. O4 dSCD sim. target gas jacobians sim. target gas jacobians converged O 4 σ converged Target gas error  Target gas error  Target gas dSCD Target gas dSCD

12. a - priori information aerosols trace gas: NO 2, HCHO av. WRF-chem model data Wolfgang averaged ceilometer data aerosol optical depth τ single scattering albedo ω asymmetry parameter g → β AERONET covariance matrix height /m aerosol load

13. Single scan Tuesday, Jan 14 th 2014 MORNING 10:15

14. Single scan Tuesday, Jan 14 th 2014 MORNING 10:15

15. Single scan Tuesday, Jan 14 th 2014 MORNING 10:15

16. Single scan Tuesday, Jan 14 th 2014 MID DAY 12:30

17. Single scan Tuesday, Jan 14 th 2014 MID DAY 12:30

18. Single scan Tuesday, Jan 14 th 2014 OMI OVERPASS 14:20

19. Single scan Tuesday, Jan 14 th 2014 OMI OVERPASS 14:20

20. Single scan Tuesday, Jan 14 th 2014 LATE AFTERNOON 16:40

21. Single scan Tuesday, Jan 14 th 2014 LATE AFTERNOON 16:40

22. Jan 14 th 2014 : VCD (E – W), surface VMR Timeseries local time VCD / cm 2 DOF fitting error

23. Jan 14 th 2014 : VCD (E – W), surface VMR Timeseries local time VCD / cm 2 DOF fitting error

24. Jan 14 th 2014: height profile over time Timeseries VCD / cm 2 DOF fitting error

25. NO 2 comparison: OMI vs. WRF 4 regions Mexico City Puebla Cueravaca Toluca OMIWRF - simulation 1-year average: 2014

26. NO 2 comparison: OMI vs. WRF OMI columns are not yet validated with ground measurements Mex. City is better characterized by the model

27. 4-year trend for NO 2 ? There is a tendency to observe lower NO 2 columns Analyzing more years will give a better evaluation Other regions/cities in Mexico

28. Conclusions / future work dSCD of O 4, NO 2 and HCHO from the MAX-DOAS network are now being measured in four locations within Mexico City The MMF retrieval algorithm for profile / total column MAX-DOAS data is working An operative product of VCD and profiles of these gases will soon be available Validation of satellite data is in progress Collaborations are welcome

29. Thank you ! Michel Grutter, Josue Arellano, Alejandro Bezanilla, Martina Friedrich, Arne Kruger, Claudia Rivera and Wolfgang Stremme Centro de Ciencias de la Atmósfera – UNAM Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México www.atmosfera.unam.mx/espectroscopia grutter@unam.mx 3rd Tempo Science Team Meeting May 27-28, 2015 Huntsville, Alabama