1. Chapter 3 5th Grade Science
Human Body Systems
Chapter 3
5th Grade Science

2. The Body’s Transportation System
A ___________ is a group of smaller parts working together to get a job done
The body has a transportation system to move _______ and _________ to each cell
The transportation system also takes the cells _________ away.
The transportation system of the body is the _________________
system
food
oxygen
waste
Circulatory system

3. The Circulatory System
The circulatory system includes:
_________
________________
Each part of the system has __________ that helps it perform its necessary function.
heart
blood
Blood vessels
structure

4. The circulatory system consists of THREE elements

5. Functions of the Blood
_________has several different parts, each part has a different function
The biggest part of the blood is made up of a liquid called _________.
The cells in the body depend on the plasma to carry food from the ____________ to the cells
Cells get _________ from the plasma
_________moves other important chemicals and hormones around the body
Blood
plasma
Digestive system
water
Plasma

6. Blood Cells There are three types of blood cells:
Red blood cells
White Blood Cells
Platelets
Cells need oxygen to get energy from _______.
___________ are bright red when they are carrying _________.
After the cells give the oxygen to the cells that need it, their color changes to ________ red.
food
Red Blood Cells
oxygen
dark

7. Parts of the Blood
_______________ protect the body against germs and harmful things
The number of white blood cells is always changing – the body will make more white blood cells when it needs to ________ infection.
_____________ are pieces of cells that float in the blood
_____________help to stop bleeding by clotting
___________ makes up more than half of the blood
______________ make up a little less than half of the blood
________________ and ______________ make up a very small portion of the blood.
White blood cells
fight
platelets
platelets
plasma
Red Blood cells
White Blood Cells
platelets

8. Types of Blood Cells Red Blood Cells White Blood Cells Platelets Form
Shaped like discs with a dimple on each side
Different shapes and sizes that change as they work
Not complete cells
Function
Carry oxygen to the rest of the body
Protect your body from germs and other harmful things
Form blood clots
Disorder
Sickle-cell anemia – blood cells are shaped like a crescent moon. They do not carry oxygen as well as they should.
Leukemia is a type of cancer where the person’s white blood cells do not form correctly and their numbers increase too quickly
An embolism is a clot that floats freely in the blood and can block a vessel

9. Arteries, Capillaries, and Veins
__________can be thought of as highways that your blood uses to move through your body.
Three kinds of blood vessels:
____________
_____________
Each different blood vessel has a different ___________ that helps it do its job.
Blood Vessels
arteries
capillaries
Veins
Structure

10. Arteries
__________ are blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart to other parts of the body
Arteries have ________, muscular walls that stretch when the heart pumps blood to it.
Arteries branch into smaller and smaller tubes until they branch into the smallest blood vessel in the body, the ________.
Arteries
thick
capillaries

11. Capillaries The walls of the capillaries are only one _____ thick.
cell
The walls of the capillaries are only one _____ thick.
The tubes are so narrow that ____________ must travel in a single file line through them
_____ can easily pass through these thin walls
______ moves from the blood into the capillaries to the cells
_____________ and other wastes go in the opposite direction from oxygen through the capillaries
red blood cells
Gases
oxygen
Carbon dioxide

12. Veins Capillaries join together to form _________
_____ carry blood from cells back to the heart
The tiny veins formed by the capillaries join many times to form larger ____
Veins have _____-flaps that act like doors to keep blood flowing in one direction.
Arteries and capillaries do not have ________
The pumping of the heart keeps blood flowing in the right direction through the capillaries and arteries.
veins
veins
veins.
valves
valves

13. COOL FACT
The network of blood vessels in the average adult human measures over 60,000 miles! If unraveled, it could wrap around the Earth’s equator over two times!

14. Arteries & Veins
The largest ARTERY in the body is the AORTA, which carries blood away from the heart to the rest of the body (except for the lungs).
The two largest VEINS in the body are the superior and inferior VENA CAVA, which carry blood toward the heart from the rest of the body (except for the lungs).

15. The Heart The word “cardio” is Greek for “HEART”
The human heart (as with other mammals and birds) consists of 4 chambers

16. Chambers of the Heart There are two ATRIA, or upper chambers.
There are two VENTRICLES, or lower chambers.