1. The Circulatory System Ms. Martinez Biology http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SGjHjdEY0vA

2. The Circulatory System  The circulatory system transports :  Nutrients  Metabolites  Excretory/Waste Products  Gases  Hormones  Cells  Heat  To and from different places in the body

4. The Closed Circulatory System

5. lungs head & arms liver digestive system kidneys legs pulmonary artery aorta pulmonary vein main vein LeftRight How does this system work? Circulatory System

6. Three Major Elements  Heart  Blood Vessels  Blood

7. The Heart The heart pumps blood into large vessels that branch into smaller ones leading into the organs.

8. The Heart  Has 4 Chambers  Right atrium  Right ventricle  Left atrium  Left ventricle

18. what ’ s in red blood cells white blood cells platelets plasma carbon dioxide digested food waste (urea) hormones oxygen

20. Flow and Resistance  Blood flow occurs due to hydraulic pressure differences. The high pressures are created by the pumping of the heart (specifically ventricular contraction)  Flow resistance  Blood velocity is dependent on cross sectional area, not pressure  Any change in the radius of the small arteries or arterioles has a large effect on the resistance and therefore the pressure necessary to pump blood

21. More cellsconstriction of blood vessel walls

22. Cardiac Cycle  Heart is two pumps that work together, right and left half  Repetitive contraction (systole) and relaxation (diastole) of heart chambers  Blood moves through circulatory system from areas of higher to lower pressure.  Contraction of heart produces the pressure

23. Blood Pressure  Blood against the blood vessel’s walls  The SYSTOLIC pressure refers to  The pressure recorded while the ventricles pump the blood  The DIASTOLIC pressure refers to  The pressure recorded as the ventricles fill with blood

25. Hypertension  High blood pressure  Heart works harder than necessary  Increases risk of heart attack orstroke

26. Viscosity  Having relatively high resistance to flow  Example: Think about pouring these items…how do they flow?  Syrup  Oil  Yogurt  milkshake

28. Artheroclerosis  Fatty Deposits called plaque  Builds up in walls of arteries  Obstructs flow  Also a risk is clot breaks free and blocks flow elsewhere

34. SUMMARY Complete the following; Arteries take blood ______ from the heart. The walls of an artery are made up of thick _________ walls and elastic fibres. Veins carry blood ________ the heart and also have valves. The _________ link arteries and veins, and have a one cell thick wall. Blood is made up of four main things ______, the liquid part of the blood; Red Blood Cells to carry ______; White Blood cells to protect the body from disease and _________ to help blood clot.

35. SUMMARY Complete the following; Arteries take blood ______ from the heart. The walls of an artery are made up of thick _________ walls and elastic fibres. Veins carry blood ________ the heart and also have valves. The _________ link arteries and veins, and have a one cell thick wall. Blood is made up of four main things ______, the liquid part of the blood; Red Blood Cells to carry ______; White Blood cells to protect the body from disease and _________ to help blood clot. away platelets towards capillaries plasma oxygen muscular