1. KEEPS Energy Management Toolkit Kentucky Energy Efficiency
KEEPS Energy Management Toolkit Step 2: Assess Performance & Opportunities Toolkit 2G: Plug Load
Step 2
Assess Performance & Opportunities
Toolkit 2g
Plug Load
Kentucky Energy Efficiency
Program for Schools
KEEPS Energy
Management Toolkit
Welcome to the KEEPS Energy Management Toolkit. This toolkit is part of the KEEPS Training System, which provides a valuable package of tools, training, coaching and expertise that helps school districts establish and implement an effective Energy Management Program.

2. KEEPS Energy Management Toolkit Toolkit 2G: Plug Load
This presentation focuses on how plug load from electronics, such as computers, beverage machines and refrigeration units, affects the energy performance of a K-12 school building. This resource is available through KEEPS – Kentucky Energy Efficiency Program for Schools.

3. 7-Step Energy Management Process
Make the Commitment
Assess Performance and Opportunities
Set Performance Goals
Create an Action Plan
Implement the Action Plan
Evaluate Progress
Recognize Achievements
The KEEPS Training System is based on the seven-step ENERGY STAR® Guidelines for Energy Management, which is a proven strategy to help organizations improve energy and financial performance. This strategy allows participants to take ownership of their Energy Management Program, which ensures energy and cost savings year after year and promotes a culture of responsible, environmental and community stewardship.
This toolkit, Toolkit 2G: Plug Load, is part of the KEEPS Energy Management Toolkit series for Step 2 of the seven-step energy management process – Assess Performance & Opportunities. The KEEPS Energy Management Toolkits for this step provide the necessary tools to produce a school-specific, complete, consistent and substantiated evaluation of the energy use and help identify potential energy saving opportunities.

4. Plug Load Overview Importance KEEPS On-site Energy Assessment Form
Examples
Computer Power Management
Refrigeration Units
Beverage Machines
KEEPS Plug Load and Computer Power Management Tool
KEEPS Assessment Report
This presentation addresses the importance of plug load data collection and how the KEEPS On-site Energy Assessment Form for Electronic & Appliance Plug Load, the KEEPS Plug Load Tool and other resources can facilitate data collection and analysis. Plug load issues for school district computers, refrigeration units and beverage machines are used as specific examples of how to identify energy-saving opportunities. Information about how to apply plug load data to the KEEPS Assessment Report is also included in this presentation.

5. Why is Plug Load Important?
Plug Load (electronics & appliances)
Easy to calculate usage and savings
Easy to implement/install energy-saving measures
Areas to focus for conservation
Computers
Beverage machines
Refrigeration
Electronics and electrical appliances that are plugged into an electrical outlet generally draw 120V. It is not only a tangible component of energy consumption (similar to lighting) that is most easily understood by occupants, it is also relatively easy to calculate the energy usage and potential energy savings. In addition, methods/components to manage, plug load energy-saving measures are easy to implement and/or install.

6. On-site Energy Assessment Form
To facilitate plug load data collection, KEEPS offers an On-site Energy Assessment Form for Electronic & Appliance Plug Load, which can be used to record data for quantity, usage behavior and energy consumption in watts for each electrical appliance in a particular school. Complete this form as you conduct initial energy assessments of your school district’s facilities.
Once a plug load baseline for all electrical appliances is established, your school district energy team can use the KEEPS Plug Load Tool to help determine the practicality of implementing the possible retrofits with regards to simple payback. Easily managed electronics/appliances include computers, beverage machines and refrigeration units.

7. Computer Plug Load
Typically make up 40-55% of a school building’s plug load
Varies between schools
Number of computers
Frequency of use
Computers typically make up percent of the plug load, and their usage varies between schools, which is why the KEEPS Plug Load Tool has a component specifically for computer power management.

8. Computer Power Management
Free ENERGY STAR® software (EZ Wizard tool, EZ GPO tool)
“Sleep mode” during inactivity
“Wakes-up” computers temporarily for scheduled KDE updates
Cost = Labor time for IT to write script and/or install software
The good news is that there are low-cost/no-cost measures that will reduce the impact of a school’s inventory of computers on the building’s plug load. One such measure is establishing protocol for computer shut-down or hibernation schedules.
ENERGY STAR® has created open source software (EZ Wizard tool and EZ GPO tool) for both Windows and Macintosh operating systems that place monitors and computers into a low-power “sleep mode” after a period of inactivity. A simple touch of the mouse or keyboard “wakes” the computer and monitor. Another feature of the software is its ability to “wake” the computers for scheduled Kentucky Department of Education (KDE) updates, and then puts them back to “sleep” afterwards.
This software is free and, depending upon the existing computers’ operating hours, annual savings range from $15-$45/computer per year. The payback is immediate with the only investment being the time required by the school’s information technology staff to install and program the computers.
Download the software at

9. KEEPS Plug Load and CPM Tool: Computer Power Management Tab
To analyze energy computer consumption and help identify opportunities for energy/cost reduction, the KEEPS Plug Load and Computer Power Tool includes a spreadsheet specifically for computer power management.
This slide shows an example of a completed computer power management spreadsheet in the KEEPS Plug Load Tool estimating the energy used by the sample school’s computers and potential savings from implementing power management.
Note: Yellow-shaded cells require data input.
Step 1: Enter the electric cost $/MMBtu (this data can be found in the utility bill analysis spreadsheet summary)
Step 2: Using the data collected from the school site-assessment, enter the area served by the set of computers in the far-left column.
Step 3: In the columns proceeding to the right, select the appropriate CPU type (desktop or laptop), monitor type (CRT or LCD), whether the computer is ENERGY STAR qualified (Yes or No) and if the computers’ monitors are sleep-enabled (Yes or No) from the drop-down list.
Step 4: Enter the quantity of computers representing that area served. (i.e. 17 computers for administrative staff)
Step 5: Fill in the computers’ usage for each set of computers in an area served under the column headings “hours/day,” “days/week” and “weeks/year.”
Step 6: Last, estimate the “actual” hours/day that the computers are actually being used on a daily basis. Enter this in the far-right column.
Step 7: Delete all unused rows.

10. KEEPS Report Input
Locate “Computer Power Management” in the KEEPS Assessment Report and modify respective figures and other necessary words/sentences for your specific school.
Modify the inset box with the results calculated from the KEEPS Plug Load and Computer Power Management Tool.
Data from the computer power management spreadsheet in the KEEPS Plug Load and Computer Power Management Tool can be applied to the KEEPS Assessment Report.
Locate “Computer Power Management” in the report and modify respective figures and other necessary words/sentences for your specific school. Next, modify the inset box with the results calculated from the KEEPS Plug Load and Computer Power Management Tool.

11. Plug Load Tab
To assess plug load for all other school building electronics and appliances, use the Plug Load tab in the KEEPS Plug Load and Computer Power Management Tool. Data input generates a pie graph, which illustrates school plug load cost per year.
Note: Yellow-shaded cells require data input.
Step 1: Insert the name of the school in the table where appropriate.
Step 2: Fill in the $/kWh at the bottom of the table. The left half of the table represents the cost per appliance as if it existed in the school building. This information is helpful if wanting to know how much it would cost the school to allow teachers to have personal coffee pots in their classrooms, for instance.
Step 3: Insert the quantity for each electronic/appliance in the correct column "Qty" with yellow-shaded cells.
Step 4: Estimate hours, days and weeks of usage for each appliance type throughout the course of a full year.
Step 5: In column, “Watts (running),” alter the watts of each appliance as necessary. Typically, white-shaded cells in this column are industry averages. However, the orange-shaded cells in this column will likely need modification from school to school. The wattage running can be determined from multiplying the Volts (either 120 or 220) by the Amps (use RLA—Running Load Amps if Amps cannot be found).
Step 6: Copy and paste the graph into the KEEPS Assessment Report in the "Plug Load" section.

12. Beverage Machine Sensor
Typical soda machine = $150-$200/yr
Occupancy sensor turns off machine when vicinity is vacant.
Maintains higher soda temperature unless vicinity is occupied
Cost = $170/sensor
NEED subsidizes costs
Savings = $45 - $140 each sensor
Several year simple payback
An average beverage vending machine costs about $150 - $200 annually to operate. Vending machine occupancy sensors are available to reduce the energy consumption of each unit. These sensors are occupancy sensors and shut down the machine’s compressor (which cools the drinks) and display lights when the vicinity is vacant. This reduces energy consumption by allowing the drink temperature to rise. When someone enters the vicinity, the sensor turns on the vending machine and operates normally until the area is vacant. Additionally, when the area is not visited for long periods of time, the sensor will turn the machine on periodically to keep the drinks from becoming too warm.
Available occupancy sensors cost about $170 each and range from $45 - $140 per sensor in energy cost reduction with a several-year payback. A program available through the National Energy Education Development (NEED) Project helps subsidize the cost of occupancy sensors. More information is available at

13. Beverage Machine Savings Calculations
Formulas
Beverage Machine(s) Cost/Yr. x 19% = Annual Savings
Bev. Machine(s) MMBtu/Yr. x 19% = Annual Energy Savings
Example School
$498/Yr. x 19% = $95 Savings/Yr.
22.8 MMBtu/Yr. x 19% = 4.3 MMBtu Energy Savings/Yr.
Savings from installing an occupancy sensor on a beverage machine ranges from 6 percent to more than 40 percent, depending on the location of the beverage machine.
Machines in high-traffic areas, such as a hallway, result in lower savings compared to those located in low-traffic areas, such as a locked cafeteria.
See for more information.
The KEEPS Assessment Report uses conservative 19 percent in annual savings from installing an occupancy sensor.
Formulas
Beverage Machine(s) Cost/Yr. x 19% = Annual Savings
Bev. Machine(s) MMBtu/Yr. x 19% = Annual Energy Savings
Example School
$498/Yr. x 19% = $95 Savings/Yr.
22.8 MMBtu/Yr. x 19% = 4.3 MMBtu Energy Savings/Yr.

14. KEEPS Report Input
Locate “Beverage Machines” in the KEEPS Assessment Report and modify respective figures and other necessary words/sentences for your specific school.
Modify the inset box with the results calculated from the KEEPS Plug Load and Computer Power Management Tool
Data from the plug load spreadsheet in the KEEPS Plug Load and Computer Power Management Tool can be applied to the KEEPS Assessment Report.
Locate “Beverage Machines” in the report and modify respective figures and other necessary words/sentences for your specific school. Next, modify the inset box with the results calculated from the KEEPS Plug Load and Computer Power Management Tool.

15. Refrigeration Summer Shutdown
Summer accounts for 20% of the year
Typical K-12 school pays $500-$1,000 for refrigeration units
Cost = labor to clean and unplug for summer
Annual savings = $100-$200
Immediate simple payback
In general, most school kitchens are unused during the summer unless there is year-round school, summer school and/or a summer community feeding program. In some cases, kitchen staff purchase in bulk at the end of the school year (beginning of summer) and keep the food frozen throughout the summer until school begins at the end of summer.
The typical summer accounts for about 20 percent of year. The typical K-12 school pays $500-$1,000 annually for the energy usage of refrigeration units, such as refrigerators, freezers, milk coolers and ice makers. This 20 percent represents the time that these units can potentially be emptied, cleaned and unplugged until school preparation begins.
The only cost is the labor required to empty, clean and unplug the units. Regular cleaning of units is likely beneficial for the units anyway. The annual cost savings are about 20 percent of the total cost of energy consumed by the units which is about $100-$200. The payback is immediate.

16. Refrigeration Savings Calculations
Formulas
Refrigeration Cost/Yr. x 20% = Annual Savings
Refrigeration MMBtu/Yr. x 20% = Annual Energy Savings
Example School
$872/Yr. x 20% = $174 Savings/Yr.
40 MMBtu/Yr. x 20% = 8 MMBtu Energy Savings/Yr.
Calculations for refrigeration savings are based on the potential savings from shutting down the refrigeration units during the summer break, which accounts for about 20 percent of the year.
Formulas
Refrigeration Cost/Yr. x 20% = Annual Savings
Refrigeration MMBtu/Yr. x 20% = Annual Energy Savings
Example School
$872/Yr. x 20% = $174 Savings/Yr.
40 MMBtu/Yr. x 20% = 8 MMBtu Energy Savings/Yr.

17. KEEPS Report Input
Locate “Refrigeration” in the KEEPS Assessment Report and modify respective figures and other necessary words/sentences for your specific school.
Modify the inset box by multiplying the total cost of refrigeration by 20% for estimated annual savings.
Data from the plug load spreadsheet in the KEEPS Plug Load and Computer Power Management Tool can be applied to the KEEPS Assessment Report.
Locate “Refrigeration” in the report and modify respective figures and other necessary words/sentences for your specific school. Next, modify the inset box by multiplying the total cost of refrigeration by 20 percent for estimated annual savings.

18. Resources Available for download from the KEEPS Toolkit Library
Referenced materials for this toolkit are available for download from the Toolkit Library on the KEEPS website,

19. Kentucky Energy Efficiency Program for Schools
End of Presentation
Kentucky Energy Efficiency
Program for Schools
This presentation and all supporting documents are provided by KEEPS. The program is funded by the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act through the combined efforts of the Kentucky Department for Energy Development and Independence, the U.S. Department of Energy and KPPC.
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KEEPS is funded by the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act through the combined efforts of the Kentucky Department for Energy Development and Independence, the U.S. Department of Energy and KPPC.