1. Organisms have a great variety of internal and external structures that enable them to survive in a specific habitat (e.g., echolocation, seed dispersal, skull diversity). (C.S. 3.2; 5.2 & 4.1) Mrs. Trotter Vian Middle School

18.  Essentially it says that the older rock is going to be located on the bottom  Watch this example of how rock layers can changeexample

26.  Started from the Bottom Started from the Bottom

27.  If the younger rocks are on top and the older rocks are on bottom  If the rocks are undisturbed  We can guess or relatively date the age of a fossil

32.  Right now our fossil record is incomplete  Fossils are hard to find  Rarely do people agree on the age  We merely make an educated guess

33.  Until recently, astronomers estimated that the Big Bang occurred between 12 and 14 billion years ago. To put this in perspective, the Solar System is thought to be 4.5 billion years old and humans have existed as a genus for only a few million years. Astronomers estimate the age of the universe in two ways: 1) by looking for the oldest stars; and 2) by measuring the rate of expansion of the universe and extrapolating back to the Big Bang; just as crime detectives can trace the origin of a bullet from the holes in a wall.expansion

34.  You believe what you want to believe  It’s your choice  That is the great thing about being free and living in America  Just keep an open mind and consider all the options and angles  Also consider the educational background/religious/atheistic beliefs of those trying to persuade you  Learning about things-even if you don’t agree- makes gives you a well rounded education

35.  We will answer #’s 1-4

36.  Fossils give us proof of preexisting life, and clues to what the environment might have been like

37.  He suggested that characteristics or traits, developed during a parent organism’s lifetime are inherited by its offspring

38.  Natural selection means that organism with traits best suited for their environment are more likely to survive and reproduce

39.  Describes evloution as a slow ongoing process by which one species changes to a new species

40.  A model that shows rapid evolution comes about when the mutation of a few genes results in the appearance of a new species over a short period of time