1. Minerals and Rocks Unit
Week 16
Directions
Prepare your desk for science.
Use voice level 0 (no voice) to read textbook pg Review what color and luster are. Begin to think about what hardness and streak are.

2. Targets & Warm Up Targets:
Students will use physical properties to identify minerals.
Warm Up: What are color and luster? What do you know about them?

3. Minerals Natural, nonliving solid crystals that make up rocks
Each mineral has crystals that are a particular shape

4. How to Identify a Mineral
To identify a mineral, scientists test some of its physical properties
A physical property is a characteristic of a substance that can be observed without changing the substance

5. How to Identify a Mineral
Physical properties scientists use to identify minerals:
Color
Luster
(dull/earthy, glassy, pearly, metallic)

6. What is the color? What is the luster?

7. How to Identify a Mineral
Other physical properties scientists use to identify minerals:
Streak
Hardness

8. Streak Streak: the color of the powder of a mineral
To test for streak, you rub a mineral across a tile of white unglazed porcelain. Then, you examine the color of the streak left behind.

9. Streak Streak is closely related to color, but is a different property
The color of the mineral may be different than the color of the streak

10. Streak Video

11. Hardness Hardness: The mineral’s resistance to being scratched
Mohs Hardness Scale: Scale of 1 to 10 measuring mineral hardness
Larger number = harder
Smaller number = softer

12. Mohs Scale of Hardness

13. Hardness
We can use everyday items to help us test the hardness of minerals.
Fingernail = 1 or 2
Penny = 3 to 5
Paperclip = 5 or 6
** If none of these items can scratch the mineral, than its hardness is a 7 or above!

14. Hardness How to test for hardness: A fingernail has a hardness of 2.
A copper penny has a hardness of 3.
The paperclip has a hardness of 5.
SOFT: Minerals that can be scratched with a fingernail.
MEDIUM: Minerals that can be scratched by a copper penny.
HARD: Minerals that cannot be scratched with a steel paperclip

15. Hardness Video

16. Scratched by a fingernail? Scratched by a paperclip?
Your Task
What is the streak of the minerals in front of you?
Can you see a streak?
Is the streak the same color as the mineral?
What is the hardness of the minerals in front of you?
Scratched by a fingernail?
Scratched by a penny?
Scratched by a paperclip?
Soft
yes
Medium no
Hard
yes or no

17. Extra Time?
Read pg

18. Reflection Questions
What physical properties do scientists use to identify minerals?
What physical properties are observable with your eyes?
What physical properties need to be done in a hands-on test?

19. Targets (Revisited) Targets:
Students will use physical properties to identify minerals.

20. Homework Subject Homework Due Date Science Minerals worksheet
(2 sides)
Monday

21. Reaction to Vinegar