1. African Slave Trade

3. What was Africa like before the slave trade?
Before slavery Africa was mostly peaceful.
They had kings and queens, rich and poor and it was like anywhere else
They had a wide variety of political arrangements including kingdoms, city-states and other organizations with different cultures and languages.
European visitors to Africa recognized that many African societies were as advanced or even more so than their own.
Before the slave trade, African leaders saw Europeans as equal to themselves.

4. 3 Main Trades Trans-Saharan Slave Trade (900-1500)
East African Slave Trade ( )
Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade (1500-late 1800s)

5. Trans-Saharan Slave Trade
Trade routes economically connected the Mediterranean coast, Southern Europe, the Middle East and Asia to West Africa
Items of trade into West Africa: silks, cotton, cloth, beads, mirrors, dates, salt
Items received: gold, ivory, gum, kola nuts and slaves.

6. East African Slave Trade
Trade between East Africa, the Middle East and Asia
East African slaves traded to Persia, Egypt, Arabia, India and as far as Malaysia and Indonesia
Slaves traded for silk, spices, gold and silver

7. Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade
Atlantic system was the trade of African slaves by mostly English, Brazilian, French and Dutch traders.
The main destinations of this phase were the Caribbean colonies and Brazil, as a number of European countries built up economically slave-dependent colonial empires in the New World.

8. Triangular Trade

9. Destination Percentage (1450-1900)
Brazil- 35.4%
Spanish Empire- 22.1%
British West Indies- 17.7%
French West Indies- 14.1%
British North America and Future USA- 4.4%
Dutch West Indies- 4.4%
Danish West Indies- 0.2%

11. The Middle Passage
The journey across the Atlantic took approximately six months to complete
A slave ship could hold up to 300 slaves and 30 crewmen
Conditions were horrendous and food was scarce
20% of all enslaved Africans died on while on the middle passage (1 out of every 5)

13. “Coffin” Position

15. Captives Thrown Overboard

16. J.M. Turner

17. Motivation for the Slave Trade
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Dehumanization
Agricultural economies depended on manual labor

19. Abolition of the Trans Atlantic Slave Trade
African Resistance to slavery: everyday Africans, African ruling elite, growing abolitionist support, overt resistance by African slaves
Change in attitude of Europe towards the slave trade
No longer made economic sense
Industrial Revolution and growth of legitimate trade

20. The Impact of the Slave Trade on Africa
Population loss: Various accounts show between 9 and 12 million Africans taken during the Atlantic slave trade
Inter-state conflicts
Rise and disappearance of kingdoms
Disease
Culture changes
Stagnation of African Industry
Long Distance trade/marketing grew
Economic dependency on European economy
Development of racism
Transformation of slavery in Africa
Introduction of new slave systems