1. Trade Union

2. Meaning A trade union (British English),
labour union (Canadian English) or
labor union (American English)
The most common purpose of these associations or unions is "maintaining or improving the conditions of their employment".

3. Meaning
is an organization of workers who have banded together to achieve common goals such as protecting the integrity of its trade, achieving higher pay, increasing the number of employees an employer hires, and better working conditions.

4. Definition
An organisation whose membership consists of workers and union leaders united to protect and promote their common interests. (Business Dictionary).

5. Significant by helping in the recruitment and selection of workers.
by inculcating discipline among the workforce
by enabling settlement of industrial disputes in a rational manner
by helping social adjustments. Workers have to adjust themselves to the new working conditions, the new rules and policies.

6. History of Trade Unions
the first Phase( )
The Second Phase( )
The Third Phase(1947)

7. The Third Phase
The third phase began with the emergence of Independent India (1947). The partition of country affected the trade union movement particularly Bengal & Punjab.
By 1949, four central trade union organizations were functioning in the country:

8. The All India Trade Union Congress
The Indian National Trade Union Congress
The Hindu Mazdoor Sang
The United Trade Union Congress

9. Objectives of Trade Unions
To improve the economic lot of employees by securing for them better wages
To secure better working conditions for workers
To secure bonus for the employees from the profit of the concern
To secure welfare of employees through group schemes which give benefit to every employee
To protect the interest of employees by taking active participation in the management
To secure social welfare of the employees
To secure organizational stability, growth & stability

10. Functions of Trade Unions
Militant functions
To achieve higher wages and better working conditions
To raise the status of workers as a part of industry
To protect labors against victimization and injustice

11. Fraternal Functions
To take up welfare measures for improving the morale of workers
To generate self confidence among workers
To encourage sincerity and discipline among workers
To provide opportunities for promotion and growth
To protect women workers against discrimination

12. Reason for joining Trade Unions
Greater Bargaining Power
Minimize Discrimination
Sense of Security
Sense of Participation
Sense of Belongingness
Platform for self expression
Betterment of relationships

13. Rights & Responsibilities
To protest & take industrial action
To consultation about changes in work practice
To recruit new members
To Negotiate on their members behalf
Participation in election
Participation in Industrial action

14. Responsibilities
To work with in law
To listen to members view
To not pressurize non members to join
To keep their members informed
Vote in election
Report problem to representatives
Act within the law when taking part in action

15. Types of Trade Unions
Craft / Skill union : These unions represents the skilled workers Eg. Musician
Industrial Union : These unions represents the different industries Eg. Fire Brigade Union
General Union : These represent workers from different industries & any level of skills Eg. Indian National Trade Union Congress (INTUC)
White Collars Union : They represents office workers Eg. National Union of Teachers

16. Trade Unions in India
The Indian workforce consists of 430 million workers, growing 2% annually. The Indian labor markets consist of three sectors:
The rural workers, who constitute about 60 per cent of the workforce.
Organized sector, which employs 8 per cent of workforce.
The urban informal sector (which includes the growing software industry and other services, not included in the formal sector) which constitutes the rest 32 per cent of the workforce.

17. At present there are twelve Central Trade Union Organizations in India
All India Trade Union Congress (AITUC)
Bharatiya Mazdoor Sangh (BMS)
Centre of Indian Trade Unions (CITU)
Hind Mazdoor Kisan Panchayat (HMKP)
Hind Mazdoor Sabha (HMS)
Indian Federation of Free Trade Unions (IFFTU)
Indian National Trade Union Congress (INTUC)
National Front of Indian Trade Unions (NFITU)
National Labor Organization (NLO)
Trade Unions Co-ordination Centre (TUCC)
United Trade Union Congress (UTUC) and
United Trade Union Congress - Lenin Sarani (UTUC - LS)

18. Problems & Weakness of Trade Unions
Uneven Growth
Limited Membership
Multiplicity of Unions
Outside Leadership
Financial Problems
Indifferent attitude of workers