1. Design IX – Technology V Environmental Systems Lecture Overview Linking Architects to Systems Communicating Conceptual Understanding The Checklist Basic Sizing Tricks Results – “Insipid to Inspired”

2. Design IX – Technology V Environmental Systems Architects use Light as an Aesthetic Boardwalk Hall, Atlantic City, NJ

3. Design IX – Technology V Environmental Systems …its also an Engineering System Bloomberg Financial, Princeton, NJ

4. Design IX – Technology V Environmental Systems Human Perception is an Aesthetic Goal Sight Sound Touch Smell Taste Sense of Safety Sense of Comfort Sense of Functionality

5. Design IX – Technology V Environmental Systems Wind Environment is an Aesthetic

6. Design IX – Technology V Environmental Systems Wind & Building is also a System

7. Design IX – Technology V Environmental Systems Perception is Quantifiable Convection – 40% Radiation – 40% Evaporation – 20% Conduction - <1% Air Motion Net Radiation Relative Humidity Air Temperature

8. Design IX – Technology V Environmental Systems Stale Stuffy Fine Drafty Windy StaleWindy Cooler Air Warmer Air …and thus an Engineering System

9. Design IX – Technology V Environmental Systems …where Architectural choices matter!

10. Design IX – Technology V Environmental Systems Conceptual Understanding Layperson’s View Engineer’s View Diagrams as a Tool Diagrams as a Sales Pitch

11. Design IX – Technology V Environmental Systems Diagrams Illustrate Choices Illuminate the Building….or ….Highlight a lighting effect

12. Design IX – Technology V Environmental Systems Communicate to a Layperson

13. Design IX – Technology V Environmental Systems …or Communicate to a Contractor

14. Design IX – Technology V Environmental Systems Building Incoming Water Diagram CW Main runs in 1 st Floor Ceiling Plenum Need Bsmt Room for Pump, etc.

15. Design IX – Technology V Environmental Systems Building Leaving Water Diagram Need thick walls for Sanitary stacks

16. Design IX – Technology V Environmental Systems Diagrams communicate Intent

17. Design IX – Technology V Environmental Systems System studies allow exploration of coordination

18. Design IX – Technology V Environmental Systems System studies can express character of the space

19. Design IX – Technology V Environmental Systems Diagrams Sell Ideas

20. Design IX – Technology V Environmental Systems

21. Design IX – Technology V Environmental Systems …a Vignette on Hot/Humid Sustainable Design Delicate Energy Balancing Ventilation Breezes Use of Shade Thermal Flywheeling

22. Design IX – Technology V Environmental Systems Sustainable System for Hot – Humid Region Reduce penetration of radiation Remove inside heat Enhance evaporation Increase air motion

23. Design IX – Technology V Environmental Systems Elongate East-West with Deep Overhangs

24. Design IX – Technology V Environmental Systems Elevate Floor & Ventilate Roof & House

25. Design IX – Technology V Environmental Systems Landscape Elements – Shading / Reduce Glare

26. Design IX – Technology V Environmental Systems …and Now for something Completely Boring! The Systems Checklist HVAC Basics Using a “Basis of Design” Conceptual Quantification

27. Design IX – Technology V Environmental Systems The “Checklist” PowerWaterMisc. Supply point? Transformer? Inside vs. Outside Emergency Power? Distribution Panels Supply (well, city, tank) Treatment? Metering? Inside vs. Outside Sprinklers? Fire Pump? Hot Water? Wastewater? Elevations? Storm Water? Telephones? Internet? CATV? Security? Public Address? Central Clock? Lightning Protection? Multi-Media Med-gases Nurse alarm, etc.

28. Design IX – Technology V Environmental Systems HVAC Checklist – The Basics 1.Will building be conditioned? {heated, cooled} 2.Heat type? {radiation, forced air, passive air} 3.Heat source? {electricity, gas, oil, solar, geothermal} 4.Distribution? {water, air, none (self-contained)} 5.Cooling type? {radiation, forced air, passive air} 6.Cooling source? {electricity, gas/oil, evaporation, geothermal} 7.Distribution? {water, air, DX, none (self-contained)}

29. Design IX – Technology V Environmental Systems Air Systems 1.Air units? {large central, multiple mid-size, many local} 2.Air balanced? {supply, return, outside air, exhaust, pressure} 3.Air ducts? {exposed, concealed – do they fit?} Water Systems 1.Water units (radiators)? {floor, wall, ceiling}

30. Design IX – Technology V Environmental Systems Heat 1.Water source? {boiler, solar, heat pump} 2.Component locations? {boiler room, roof panels} 3.Utility requirements? {electricity, gas, oil} Cooling 1.Water source? {chiller, heat pump - location} 2.Chiller System? {air cooled, water cooled - location} 3.DX? {compressor/condenser locations}

31. Design IX – Technology V Environmental Systems Basis of Design - Systems

32. Design IX – Technology V Environmental Systems How big is that Duct? 1 CFM (cubic feet per minute) per SF of space 1000 FPM (feet per minute) of air velocity

33. Design IX – Technology V Environmental Systems Example 10,000 SF floor area served by (1) AHU system 1cfm x 10,000sf / 1,000fpm = 10 SF of duct area Don’t forget supply…AND….return air 20 SF = 24” high by 120” wide, or 36x84, etc.

34. Design IX – Technology V Environmental Systems System Components / Spaces Cooling Towers = 10’ to 20’ tall Air Handling Units = 8’ to 35’ long (4’ – 10’ wide) Main Switchgear = 10’ – 20’ long Fire Pump rooms = 10’ x 15’ IT Rooms = 10’ x 15’ Electric Closets = 8’ x 10’

35. Design IX – Technology V Environmental Systems

36. Design IX – Technology V Environmental Systems ….and the Result is?

37. Design IX – Technology V Environmental Systems A World without Architecture

38. Design IX – Technology V Environmental Systems …..is a world left to its Own Devices.

39. Design IX – Technology V Environmental Systems Accommodation without Control…..

40. Design IX – Technology V Environmental Systems ….versus Accommodation with Control

41. Design IX – Technology V Environmental Systems Nice….but

42. Design IX – Technology V Environmental Systems Details Matter

43. Design IX – Technology V Environmental Systems Rhythm without….. vs. Rhythm with Order

44. Design IX – Technology V Environmental Systems The Results Systems have a “natural” or “normal” mode Systems can be aesthetically challenging Architect’s who understand systems …win! Don’t let systems steamroll your Aesthetic Understanding leads to accommodation Accommodation leads to Aesthetic Control

45. Design IX – Technology V Environmental Systems Industry made into Art Rhythm Order Scale Module Layered