1. AP European History Androstic 2012-2013
European New Imperialism (1870 – 1914): Causes, the Middle East, & Africa
AP European History
Androstic

2. 1. Define imperialism
Study Guide – Section 77, #1, Palmer pg. 630

3. 2. How did the “new imperialism” differ from the colonialism of earlier times? How was European rule generally imposed?
Study Guide – Section 77, #2, Palmer pg. 631

4. 3. Discuss the motives that lay behind European expansion in the late 19th century.
Study Guide – Section 77, #3, Palmer pg

5. Four Causes of Imperialism
Industrial Revolution - Need for markets & resources
Christianity - missionaries
Nationalism - “a place in the sun”
“White Man’s Burden”
Different than Old Imperialism?
Old – Mostly maritime empires
New – Land empires
Study Guide – Section 77, #3, Palmer pg

6. Industrialization (1750-1900)
Increased population in Europe
Great technological advances - military, transportation, and communications
Continued economic expansion requires more resources and markets
Study Guide – Section 77, #3, Palmer pg

7. Humanitarianism
Christian missionaries saw Africa and Asia as fertile ground for converts
Cultural superiority - Europeans must “save” the rest of the world
Must stop the Arab slave trade in Africa (still in practice in North/East Africa)
Study Guide – Section 77, #3, Palmer pg

8. Nationalism ( )
French Revolution and Napoleon spread nationalism throughout Europe
Pride in one’s country was based upon industrial production, military strength, and size of empire
Study Guide – Section 77, #3, Palmer pg

9. What was the bigger motivation for imperialist expansion: economic motivation or nationalism? Read “The Age of Empire” (Eric J. Hobsbawn) and “Imperialism as a Nationalistic Phenomenon” (Carlton J. H. Hayes), and form your own opinion, which we will discuss in class.

10. Bigger Motivation: Economic or Nationalism?
Economic Motivation
Nationalism

11. 4. How would you evaluate the attitude expressed by Rudyard Kipling?
Study Guide – Section 77, #4, Palmer pg. 638

12. Ottoman Empire - “Sick Man of Europe”
Middle East
Ottoman Empire - “Sick Man of Europe”

13. 1. How did the Ottoman Empire differ from the European states in its political organization and nature?
Study Guide – Section 79, #1, Palmer pg

14. 2. Why was Turkey called the “sick man of Europe”?
Study Guide – Section 79, #2, Palmer pg. 644

15. 3. Why were the British concerned about the Russo-Turkish War of 1877?
Study Guide – Section 79, #3, Palmer pg

16. Russo-Turkish War of
Study Guide – Section 79, #3, Palmer pg

17. Berlin Conference of 1878 Bismarck organized & ran the conference
Took territory from the Ottoman Empire to placate Russia & avoid a general war
Austria-Hungary gets Bosnia
Russia gets Crimea
Bulgaria & Romania Free
Study Guide – Section 79, #3, Palmer pg

18. 4. What problems persisted in the Ottoman Empire after 1878?
Study Guide – Section 79, #4, Palmer pg

19. 5. How did Egypt become a British protectorate?
Study Guide – Section 79, #5, Palmer pg

20. The “Scramble for Africa”

21. 1. Explain the process by which Africa was partitioned after 1870.
Study Guide – Section 80, #1, Palmer pg

22. Berlin Conference of
Set up rules on how to colonize the continent
Abolished the slave trade
Congo Free State the personal property of King Leopold of Belgium
Study Guide – Section 80, #1, Palmer pg

23. 2. Which areas were respectively occupied and controlled by Germany, France, and Britain respectively? Other European powers?
Study Guide – Section 80, #2, Palmer pg

24. Scramble for Africa
Between 1875 and European control of Africa went from 10% to 90%
Only two nations, Liberia (home to many freed American slaves) and Ethiopia remained independent
Study Guide – Section 80, #2, Palmer pg

25. Africa was almost completely colonized by the start of World War I.
Study Guide – Section 80, #2, Palmer pg

26. 3. How did the partition of Africa affect relations among the European powers?
Study Guide – Section 80, #3, Palmer pg

27. Friction Between the Colonial Powers
Where the claims of the European powers collided, conflict arose
Fashoda Crisis
Boer Wars
Germany supported the Boers against the British
Britain wins, and anger with Germany remains
Study Guide – Section 80, #3, Palmer pg

28. Summary Europeans conquered much of the remaining world
White Man’s Burden
Industrial Revolution
Ottoman Empire weakens
New states emerge - Serbia & Romania
Tensions rise in the Balkans Peninsula over territory
Scramble for Africa
Rest of Africa is conquered
King Leopold’s Ghost