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ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING. 1729 ELECTRICAL CONDUCTORS AND INSULATORS DISCOVERED.

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Presentation on theme: "ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING. 1729 ELECTRICAL CONDUCTORS AND INSULATORS DISCOVERED."— Presentation transcript:

1 ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING

2 1729 ELECTRICAL CONDUCTORS AND INSULATORS DISCOVERED

3 1745 DEVELOPMENT OF 1 ST ELECTRICAL CAPACITOR

4 1837 THE FIRST ELECTRIC TELEGRAPH

5 1861 THE ELECTRIC OVEN INVENTED WOOD COMBINATION ELECTRIC

6 1874 ELECTRIC LIGHT BULB INVENTED

7 1887 1 ST ALTERNATING CURRENT NETWORK

8 1904 INVENTION OF THE DIODE

9 1929 1 ST COHERENT THEORY ON SEMICONDUCTORS

10 1943 FIRST PROGRAMMABLE ELECTRONIC COMPUTER

11 1947 TRANSISTOR INVENTED

12 1971 1 ST MICROPROCESSOR AND FIRST MICROCOMPUTER

13 The first computer my brother owned

14 1979 HANDHELD VIDEO GAMES AND CELL PHONES INVENTED

15 Electronic Quarterback was banned from my high school

16 Pong console

17 Show Pong Bookmarked

18 Atari 2600 Console

19 Show asteroids Bookmarked

20 1999 FIRST HARD-DRIVE MP3 PLAYER

21 ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING

22 ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING RELATES BOTH ELECTRICITY AND ELECTRONICS

23 ELECTRONIC VS ELECTRICAL ELECTRONIC MADE WITH SEMICONDUCTOR MATERIAL USUALLY SILICON EXAMPLES-DIODES, TRANSISTORS, RECTIFIERS, SUPRESSORS ELECTRICAL MADE WITH CONDUCTOR MATERIAL METALS AND ALLOYS EXAMPLES- WIRES, SWITCHES, FUSES

24 ALLOY A homogeneous mixture made by fusing two or more metals, or a metal and a nonmetal To obtain desirable qualities such as hardness, lightness, and strength Brass is a mixture of zinc and copper

25 ELECTRICAL CIRCUITS ELECTRON FLOW OCCURS FROM THE NEGATIVE TERMINAL (WHERE THERE IS AN EXCESS OF NEGATIVE ELECTRONS) TO THE POSITIVE TERMINAL (WHERE THERE IS A LACK OF ELECTRONS) CONVENTIONAL CURRENT FLOWS FROM POSITIVE TERMINAL TO NEGATIVE TERMINAL

26 SYMBOLS FOR CIRCUIT DIAGRAMS BATTERY AC POWER SUPPLY

27 DIODE LED

28 TRANSISTOR SWITCH

29 RESISTOR OTHER SYMBOLS PAGE 460 OBSERVATORY

30 DIRECT CURRENT UNIDIRECTIONAL FLOW OF ELECTRIC CHARGE ELECTRONS MOVE CONTINUOUSLY IN THE SAME DIRECTION

31 ALTERNATING CURRENT ELECTRONS MOVE BACK AND FORTH IN A REGULAR PATTERN VIBRATING MOTION OF ELECTRONS ALLOW CURRENT TO FLOW

32 POWER SUPPLY PROVIDES THE ENERGY THAT CAUSES THE CURRENT TO FLOW THROUGH THE CIRCUIT

33 DISCUSS THE ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF EACH OF THE THREE POWER SUPPLIES

34 CONDUCTION, INSULATION AND PROTECTION

35 CONDUCTION Energy (eg. Electrical) transfer from one material to another by direct contact. Conductors are materials that allow transfer to happen. Examples of good conductors are copper, aluminum, silver and optical fibres.

36 Transition metals are good conductors of electricity and heat.

37 PRINTED CIRCUITS( EST/AST ONLY ) ELECTRICAL CIRCUIT PRINTED ON A THIN RIGID BOARD

38 ONE METHOD HAS BOARDS COVERED WITH COPPER, THE CIRCUIT IS THEN ETCHED INTO THE COPPER AND THEN THE REST OF THE COPPER IS DISSOLVED AWAY LEAVING JUST THE CIRCUIT; ELECTRIC AND ELECTRONIC COMPONENTS ARE THEN SOLDERED INTO HOLES DRILLED INTO THE BOARDS

39 MASS MANUFACTURING OF CIRCUIT BOARDS VIDEO http://video.google.ca/videosearch?sourceid= navclient&rlz=1T4ADBS_enCA314CA314&q =printed%20circuits&um=1&hl=en&ie=UTF- 8&sa=N&tab=iv&start=0#q=HOW+STUFF+W ORKS+printed+circuits&hl=en&emb=0

40 INSULATION THE ELECTRICAL FUNCTION PERFORMED BY A COMPONENT TO PREVENT THE FLOW OF AN ELECTRIC CURRENT PREVENT INJURY AS WELL AS SHORT CIRCUITS CERAMIC AND PLASTIC ARE GOOD INSULATORS

41 PROTECTION FUSES AND CIRCUIT BREAKERS ARE EXAMPLES OF PROTECTION PROTECTION IS A COMPONENT THAT STOPS THE FLOW OF CURRENT IN THE EVENT OF A POWER SURGE

42

43 ELECTRICAL RESISTANCE ( EST/AST ONLY ) RESISTORS LIMIT THE FLOW OF ELECTRONS THROUGH AN ELECTRICAL CIRCUIT

44 RESISTANCE IS MEASUREDC IN OHMS

45 READING A RESISTOR ON 4 BANDS RESISTORS- THE 1 ST TWO BANDS TELL YOU THE FIRST TWO DIGITS OF RESISTANCE (ex. RED=2; BLUE=6) THE NEXT BAND TELLS YOU WHAT TO MULTIPLY THOSE NUMBERS BY (ex. RED=100) LAST BAND IS TOLERANCE FACTOR (EX. GOLD= ±5%) THEREFORE A RESISTOR WITH RED, BLUE, RED, GOLD WOULD HAVE RESISTANCE OF 2600 ohms ±5%

46

47 CONTROL The function performed by a component that can open or close a circuit switches and pushbuttons are examples of controls

48 SWITCHES ( EST/AST ONLY ) SINGLE POLE SWITCH OPENS/CLOSES 1 CONTACT AT A TIME DOUBLE POLE CAN OPEN/CLOSE TWO CONTACTS AT ONCE ELECTRONS FOLLOW 1 PATH IN SINGLE THROW SWITCH DOUBLE THROW ALLOWS ELECTRONS TO FOLLOW 1 OF 2 PATHS P470

49 SWITCHES ( EST/AST ONLY ) ROCKER SWITCH

50 TOGGLE SWITCH

51 PUSH BUTTON

52 MAGNETIC CONTACT

53 ENERGY TRANSFORMATION( ST/EST/AST ONLY ) CHANGE OF ONE FORM OF ENERGY TO ANOTHER FORM OF ENERGY

54 ( ST/EST/AST ONLY ) EXAMPLES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS USED TO TRANSFORM ELECTRICITY INCANDESCENT BULBS- NEW FORM- LUMINOUS ENERGY

55 HEATING ELEMENT- NEW FORM- THERMAL ENERGY

56 PIEZOELECTRIC CRYSTALS- NEW FORM – MECHANICAL OR SOUND ENERGY

57 ELECTROMAGNETS – NEW FORM OF ENERGY – MAGNETIC ENERGY

58 COMPONENTS WITH OTHER FUNCTIONS ( EST/AST ONLY ) CAPACITORS DIODES TRANSISTORS ( AST ONLY ) RELAYS ( AST ONLY )

59 CAPACITORS CAN STORE ELECTRICAL CHARGE COMPOSED OF TWO ELECTRICAL SURFACES SEPARATED BY AN INSULATOR (BLOCKS THE FLOW OF ELECTRONS) CHARGE BUILDS UP ON ONE PLATE, INSULATOR IS REMOVED AND CHARGE IS RELEASED ALMOST INSTANTLY

60 CAPACITOR CHARGE FROM CAMERA BATTERY BUILDS UP UNTIL BUTTON IS PRESSED FULL CHARGE IS RELEASED IN THE FLASH

61 DIODE ALLOWS ELECTRIC CURRENT TO FLOW IN ONE DIRECTION MADE OF SEMICONDUCTOR PROTECTS ELECTRONIC PARTS FROM HAVING ELECTRONS FLOW IN THE WRONG DIRECTION

62 DIODE USED TO CONVERT AC TO DC LED’S ARE ‘LIGHT EMITTING DIODES’ THAT GIVE OFF LIGHT WHEN CURRENT FLOWS THROUGH THEM

63 TRANSISTORS ( AST ONLY ) BLOCK OR AMPLIFY AN ELECTRIC CURRENT

64 TRANSISTORS ( AST ONLY ) CURRENT FLOWS FROM COLLECTOR TO EMITTER TO BASE BASE ACTS LIKE A VALVE THAT ALLOWS CURRENT TO FLOW FREELY; BLOCK FLOW OR ALLOW SOMEWHERE IN BETWEEN CONNECTION BETWEEN TRANSISTORS AND COMPUTERS P477 OF OBSERVATORY

65 RELAYS ( AST ONLY ) A RELAY OPENS OR CLOSES A CIRCUIT USING AN ELECTRICAL SIGNAL FROM ANOTHER CIRCUIT (THINK RELAY RACE-PASSING ON)

66 RELAYS ( AST ONLY ) COMMONLY USED TO CONTROL HIGH VOLTAGE CIRCUITS FROM A REMOTE DISTANCE LIGHTING IN A THEATRE, HIGH VOLTAGE APPLIANCES (X-RAY MACHINE)


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